2010—2019年江苏省渔业船舶水上安全事故分析及对策建议

依据中国渔政指挥系统江苏省渔业船舶水上安全事故的统计资料,对2010—2019年事故的发生时间、事故起数、死亡人数、事故类型和事故等级等方面进行了统计分析。结果表明,江苏省渔业船舶水上安全事故以一般等级事故居多,事故发生时间呈现一定规律性,渔船自身安全隐患突出,从业人员岗位技能不足,渔船安全管理责任不到位。基于分析结果,提出压降一般等级事故,遏制较大等级以上事故,提高风险管控和事故防范能力的对策建议。     

新形势下食品质量与安全专业课程体系改革的思考

食品安全是天大的事，培养相关的专业人才尤显重要。依据食品质量与安全专业人才培养目标要求明确专业内涵，采用模块设计方法构建食品质量与安全专业课程体系，并就如何提高人才培养质量提出建议。     

紧压白茶品质安全性评价

为了探明紧压白茶饮用的安全性,以不同年份和花色的紧压白茶为原料,选用国家标准方法测定其主要的品质安全性指标,并进行分析和评价。结果表明:不同年份和花色的紧压白茶中未测出致病菌,其中1个样品检出霉菌;农药残留符合GB2763-2016食品中污染物限量要求;重金属检测中,铅含量0.229~0.819 mg/kg,砷含量0.071~0.205 mgkg,镉含量0.006~0.036 mg/kg,铬含量0.111~6.522 mg/kg,铜含量9.892~23.399 mg/kg,铝含量126.717~668.417 mg/kg,汞含量0~0.024 mg/kg,符合食品中污染物限量要求;理化检测中,水分含量4.6%~10.5%,灰分含量4.6%~5.7%,水浸出物含量30.2%~40.1%,茶梗含量0.8%~4.5%。由此可得出结论:紧压白茶的品质安全性可靠。     

增密减氮对弱筋小麦‘宁麦13’产量和品质的影响

为实现弱筋小麦优质稳产,解决当前弱筋小麦存在品质稳定性差的问题。本试验以弱筋小麦‘宁麦13’为试材,结合方差分析等方法研究增密减氮对弱筋小麦的产量、群体质量指标以及籽粒品质的影响。结果表明,在240 kg/hm²施氮水平条件下,随着密度的增加,小麦LAI、干物质积累量均呈先增加后下降的趋势,密度超过240×10⁴/hm²会导致LAI、干物质积累量、产量下降。在240×10⁴/hm²密度条件下,施氮量超过240 kg/hm²会导致小麦叶面积指数、SPAD值、花后干物质积累量和产量下降。适当的增密减氮有利于提高弱筋小麦的优质稳产,而过量增密减氮则会导致小麦产量下降,品质不稳定。为实现产量和品质的最优化,生产上推荐采用种植密度为240×10⁴/hm²,施氮量为180 kg/hm²,氮肥运筹为7:1:2:0的栽培模式。     

设计阶段平面交叉口安全评价方法研究与应用

基于一种不依赖交通事故和交通冲突数据的事前安全评价方法——安全服务水平评价方法,分析了影响公路平面交叉口安全服务水平的客观因素,建立了设计阶段安全评价模型。结合江苏省临海高等级公路的平交口数据进行实例验证,提出了设计阶段平交口安全评价方案及优化流程,改善效果明显。     

农业机械购置补贴网络系统数据库设计与应用

农机购置补贴是国家支农惠农的政策之一.对农机购置补贴系统的数据库功能进行分析,提出农机补贴数据表关系模型,并对系统安全维护进行论述.数据库运用在农业购置补贴网络系统中,满足农机管理部门对农机补贴数据事务性管理,为农机补贴政策决策提供实时和有效的数据分析.     

Maize harvest index and water use efficiency can be improved by inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis

Possibilities to improve maize harvest index and nutrient utilization efficiency by application of plant growth regulators were investigated. In container experiments, the effects of different growth regulators on the development of the maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars Pioneer 3906 and Fabregas were tested. Paclobutrazol (PAC) and chlorocholine chloride (CCC), two inhibitors of gibberellin biosynthesis, as well as gibberellic acid (GA₃) were applied at growth stage V5. Three weeks after application of PAC, shoot growth of both maize cultivars was strongly affected with a significant decrease in plant height in the PAC treatment by 44% and 36% for Pioneer 3906 and Fabregas, respectively. The growth‐retarded plants had higher leaf areas and reduced transpiration rates. The higher shoot growth after GA₃ application was accompanied by a reduction in leaf area and an increase in transpiration rate during 1 week before anthesis. CCC treatment showed no significant effects on plant height, leaf area and transpiration rate. The PAC‐treated cultivar Pioneer 3906 produced several cobs per plant, which were mainly barren at maturity. However, PAC application to Fabregas resulted in just one cob per plant with good kernel development and a grain yield, which was not significantly reduced in comparison with the control. With this similar grain yield in combination with a straw yield decrease of 32%, the harvest index was significantly improved by 12%. In addition, with PAC‐treated Fabregas plants, a 19% increased water use efficiency of the grain (WUE_grain) during the critical period of kernel setting was achieved. In this maize cultivar, CCC application also improved harvest index by 5%, but no effect on WUE_grain occurred. GA₃ treatment decreased harvest index of both maize cultivars, and it either reduced WUE_grain (Pioneer 3906) or showed no effect (Fabregas). Utilization efficiencies of N, P and K were not increased with growth regulator application, even in the PAC‐treated Fabregas plants with a significantly improved allocation of assimilates to the grain, mirrored by the higher harvest index. The results indicate that fertilizer applications must be adjusted to the reduced demand of growth‐retarded plants, most likely leading to higher nutrient utilization efficiencies.     

相变材料在绿色储粮中的应用探讨

相变材料能够储存或释放显热,在熔化或凝固过程中虽然温度不变但吸收的潜热却相当大。根据相变材料可以吸收环境热能并在需要时向环境发出热能的特征,研究相变材料在粮食仓储中的应用,减小外界环境对粮仓温度的影响,达到恒温绿色生态储粮的目的。     

储粮害虫磷化氢抗性分子遗传学研究进展

由于长期单一使用磷化氢,储粮害虫对其产生的抗药性日益增强,已成为威胁粮食安全储藏的重大问题。自从发现两个磷化氢抗性基因rph1和rph2,以及完成赤拟谷盗全基因测序以来,储粮害虫磷化氢抗性基因的相关研究迅速发展。近年来,在抗性基因的鉴定、表达、进化、突变等研究方面取得了一定成果,为储粮害虫磷化氢抗性治理提供了新的科学指导。本文就储粮害虫磷化氢抗性分子遗传学的研究进展进行综述。