基于GIS的广东地区福寿螺的潜在时空分布及对稻田的危害风险

利用GIS技术,结合福寿螺生长发育的特点和广东地区水稻的种植分布情况,预测福寿螺在广东地区的潜在时空分布及其危害风险.结果表明:广东地区存在5种福寿螺潜在生境,分别是:螺和卵都能存活且卵能孵化螺能发育;螺卵存活、螺能发育但卵不孵化;螺存活但不发育、卵不孵化;螺冬眠且不产卵;螺、卵均不能存活.5种生境从南到北依次排列,并且分布范围随着季节的变化而变化.福寿螺适宜生境夏季分布广、冬季分布窄,夏季向北扩展,冬季向南收缩.冬季粤北山区小部分地区福寿螺不能存活,5—10月全省均适宜螺及其卵的生长发育.就潜在分布区而言,全省16.68%地区处于高度发生区,中度发生区也占54.25%.以稻田的危害风险为例,结合水稻分布区的状况评价了福寿螺可能带来的危害风险等级,其中重度风险区占全省面积的21.75%,主要集中于湛江、茂名、阳江等地的稻区;中度风险区集中在广东中部的水稻区,占63.16%;轻度风险区只占14.47%.     

我国长江口及邻近海域铜藻生长和金潮分布变化特征

为了解金潮源头,对枸杞岛附近贻贝(Mytilus edulis)养殖区固着褐藻进行了分布特征调查,并对长江口附近海域漂浮金潮进行月度监测。结果表明,枸杞岛附近贻贝养殖区设施上固着生长大量褐藻马尾藻,1—3月,藻体具有固着器,营固着快速生长,平均长度在3月可达3.45 m;同时海区巡航监测结果显示,1—2月枸杞岛附近海域无漂浮马尾藻,3月份只有单棵零星漂浮藻体; 4月份,贻贝养殖区马尾藻固着器逐渐萎缩消失,导致藻体大量脱落进入海区,由于马尾藻具有气囊结构,能够保障藻体长期漂浮在海表面形成金潮;大面监测结果显示,4—5月海区漂浮褐藻生物量与分布范围快速增加,分布面积可达27761 km^2。分子生物学检测结果显示,固着褐藻和海区漂浮褐藻均为铜藻(Sargassum horneri)。本研究结果表明,3—4月浙江沿岸固着铜藻在人为和海流的共同作用下从贻贝养殖设施上脱落后营漂浮生活,生长聚集,并可能在风和海流作用下向北至黄海海域形成金潮,黄海金潮可能具有多溯源性质。     

中国大青金色花叶病毒浙江分离物全基因组序列测定与分析

<正>大青(Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz),别名路边青、淡婆婆、臭叶树,为马鞭草科(Verbena officinalis Linn)大青属(Clerodendrum)野生落叶灌木,常生长在山地林下、平原、丘陵和溪谷旁,我国江苏、安徽、河北、河南、浙江等地为主产区。大青用途广泛,叶片可萃取靛蓝作为染料,嫩叶可食用,     

亚洲龙鱼品系及鉴别

为让人们更加全面认识和了解亚洲龙鱼,对亚洲龙鱼的品系及其鉴定方法进行介绍.亚洲龙鱼有金龙、红龙和青龙三大类,市场上繁杂的龙鱼种类都是从这3种衍化而来的.龙鱼由体色、体型、鳞片光泽及色块分布、鳍条形状、口须及鳞片的完整度、眼睛的角度及光泽、嘴型、鳃盖、呼吸及游泳姿态等特征决定其品质的优劣.     

保靖黄金茶红茶发酵工艺研究

以保靖黄金茶群体品种一芽二、三叶及同等嫩度的对夹叶鲜叶为原料,利用红茶自动发酵机在28℃条件下进行不同发酵时间与不同保湿措施处理,对加工的红茶进行感官审评及儿茶素与茶黄素含量分析。结果表明:当发酵时间增加到240 min后,儿茶素向茶黄素转化趋势明显;其中感官审评得分最高的为经发酵240 min及盖布处理的茶样,茶汤颜色红匀明亮、口感醇厚,儿茶素与茶黄素的含量分别为38.650 4、13.493 5 mg/g。所有发酵进程中进行湿纱布覆盖保湿处理,其茶黄素含量均较未盖布处理茶样增加显著,茶汤亮度明显较亮,滋味更加浓厚。     

中医药治疗急性痛风性关节炎用药规律分析

目的 探讨中医药治疗急性痛风性关节炎的用药规律,以指导临床选方用药。方法 通过以“急性痛风性关节炎”为主题词,“中医药治疗”“中医治疗”为副主题词,检索“中文期刊数据库CNKI”2010-2015年的相关医学文献,共搜索文献216篇,其中符合条件的139篇,将纳入文献中所包括的单味中药输入Excel 2003进行一般统计学分析。结果 139篇文献中,共涉及中药复方147首,药物134味,用药频次共达1 501次,其中,用药频次前10位的药物分别是：黄柏、牛膝、薏苡仁、苍术、土茯苓、泽泻、萆薢、防己、甘草、威灵仙;药物所属类别最多的分别是：清热药、活血化瘀药、祛风湿药、补虚药、利水渗湿药。结论 清热利湿、活血通络、泄浊解毒、兼顾补虚对急性痛风性关节炎具有较好疗效。     

国槐光合特性研究

对普通国槐、金叶国槐的一些光合特性及生理特点进行了研究。结果表明,普通国槐与金叶国槐叶片光合速率日变化呈双峰曲线,最高峰在8:30左右时,次峰在15:30左右,中午有明显的午休现象。金叶国槐光合作用的光补偿点和光饱和点分别为55μmol/(m2·s)和1500μmol/(m2·s),CO2补偿点和饱和点为120μL/L和900μL/L,光合作用的最适合的温度为29℃。普通国槐光合作用的光补偿点和光饱和点分别为61μmol/(m2·s)和1500μmol/(m2·s),CO2补偿点和饱和点为136μL/L和1000μL/L,光合作用的最适合的温度为29℃。     

Some impacts of low and medium head weirs on downstream fish movement in the Murray–Darling Basin in southeastern Australia

Abstract –  This article reports on the findings of a study undertaken within the Murray-Darling River Basin in southeastern Australia, which investigated the impact of weirs on downstream fish movement. Downstream fish movement was monitored at Kennedy's Weir (an overshot, 2 m high weir) on the Broken Creek and Torrumbarry Weir (an undershot, 6.5 m high weir) on the Murray River. A trap used to sample Kennedy's Weir indicated that fish travelled downstream over this weir without sustaining injury or death. A follow-up study, whereby fish were captured below the two respective weirs and translocated upstream where they were radio tagged and released, indicated that while a few fish travelled downstream past the weirs on their return movements back to their home range areas, most were reluctant to do so. This study demonstrates that low-level weirs may inhibit downstream fish movement, and enhancement of downstream fish passage for potamodromous fish species warrants further investigation.     

Microvasculature of the hamster eye: scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts

The architecture of the retina, choroid and anterior eye segment was investigated in 12 Syrian hamsters using scanning electron micrographs of methylmethacrylate corrosion casts. The hamster eye receives its primary blood supply from the long posterior ciliary artery, which directly enters the optic nerve head, and divides into three branches: the central retinal artery and medial and lateral long posterior ciliary arteries. In the retina the central retinal artery divides into six radiating branches. Retinal arterioles form a slender and long course to capillaries. Retinal capillaries are extremely thin in diameter and form a sparse capillary network. The choroid is supplied by the long posterior ciliary arteries. Choroidal arterioles exhibit a thick and short course to the choriocapillaris. The choriocapillaris is thick and sinusoid-like, forming a dense network in the choroid. The ciliary body, iris and bulbar conjunctiva are supplied by the anterior ciliary arteries, which are branches of the long posterior ciliary arteries. Capillaries supplying the anterior margin of the ciliary process are large in diameter with an irregular bore, forming a thoroughfare channel draining blood in the ciliary arterioles into the pars plana vessels. Blood from the retina is drained by the central retinal veins. Venules from the anterior eye segment empty into the vortex veins via the pars plana vessels. Venous blood from the choroid is drained only by vortex veins via the choroidal veins. The functional significance of the vascular architecture and species differences are discussed.     

低温和限食对黑线仓鼠贮食行为的影响

贮食行为是动物在应对环境变化为度过食物短缺期,或为交配、繁殖后代而储备食物的生存策略。为探究季节性环境因子变化和食物资源对黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)贮食行为的影响,本文测定了温度光周期、动物性别、限食对该物种贮食量、摄食量、体重等指标的影响。结果显示,雄性黑线仓鼠的体重、摄食量及贮食量均显著高于雌性;在类似于晚秋的低温等光照(10℃±2℃,L∶D=12∶12)条件下驯化1周,会诱导雄性个体体重降低,但摄食量不变,雌性个体则增加摄食量维持体重不变,雌雄的贮食量均不变;每日在白天时段限食可以降低雌性动物体重,但对其贮食量、摄食量无显著影响。结论,黑线仓鼠雌雄两性在低温和食物短缺条件下的能量对策不同。雌性由于体型较小,身体内不能贮存足量脂肪用于能量供应,在类似于晚秋的低温环境下只能通过增加摄食量以满足体温维持的能量需要,但由于受到身体消化吸收能力的生理限制,无法满足维持严寒条件下恒温的能量需求,因此体型较小的雌性个体会采取蛰眠的策略;雄性则由于相对较大的体型,身体贮存较多的可动员能量,且比雌性贮存更多的食物,这可能是其冬季能维持恒温,不蛰眠的原因。