牛MEN1基因真核表达载体的构建及其表达分析

多发性内分泌腺瘤致病因子1 (multiple endocrine neoplasia Ⅰ,MEN1)参与乳腺发育与泌乳行为的调控.本研究克隆了牛(Bos taurus) MEN1基因(bMEN1)的全长cDNA,并在不同细胞中检测bMEN1mRNA及其编码蛋白menin的表达情况.根据GenBank中bMEN1基因序列,设计特异性引物,用qRT-PCR方法得到附带EcoR Ⅰ和HindⅢ酶切位点的bMEN1片段,并将其克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-myc-his(A)中.体外转染物种同源性细胞牛乳腺上皮细胞(bovine mammary gland epithelial cell,MAC-T)和异源性细胞中国仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)卵巢细胞(Chinese hamster ovary cells,CHO)、小鼠(Mus musculus)成肌细胞(mouse myoblast cells,C2C12),利用qRT-PCR和Westem blot技术检测转染前后bMEN1 mRNA和蛋白menin的表达.双酶切和基因测序结果表明,成功构建了bMEN1基因的真核表达载体pcDNA3.1-myc-his-bMEN1.所建立的转染体系可以使目的基因bMEN1在3种不同细胞中成功表达mRNA和目的蛋白,转染后24 h都达到最高表达量,并达到极显著水平(P＜0.01),之后逐渐降低.其中,CHO细胞中的转染24 h后bMEN1 mRNA和menin蛋白的表达量分别是对照的28 415倍和5.65倍.本研究建立了bMEN1基因的真核表达载体及其转染体系,能够在不同细胞中成功表达,为体外研究MEN1基因对于乳腺的调节功能及其对于机体代谢的调节机制提供了一种工具和技术体系.     

肝素或钙离子载体诱导牛、羊冻精体外获能的研究

本文采用肝素或钙离子载体(I-A)诱导牛、羊冻精体外获能,根据对去透明带仓鼠卵的穿透情况评定获能效果,并用台盼蓝·姬姆萨(TG)染色观察了精子的死活及顶体状态.结果发现,牛、羊冻精经肝素或I-A处理后与卵子一起培养,2 h穿透仓鼠卵,4 h开始形成雄原核,6 h形成发育良好的雄原核.牛冻精用50μg/mL肝素及0.1μmol/L I-A处理效果最好,穿透率分别为72.8％和92.3％;羊则以20μg/mL肝素及0.3μmol/L I-A为宜,穿透率分别为73.1％和68.O％.咖啡因与I-A或肝素并用均有协同作用,能提高精子的穿透能力,并能促进卵内原核的发育.肝素和I-A均能在体外诱导牛、羊冻精的顶体反应,有顶体反应活精子百分率与穿透率呈强正相关,羊冻精比较脆弱,获能处理后活力较低.     

阿拉善荒漠区小毛足鼠种群数量与繁殖特征

【目的】研究阿拉善荒漠区小毛足鼠的繁殖特征及其对种群的调节作用。【方法】于2006-2011年每年4、7、10月上旬,采用铗日法,对内蒙古阿拉善荒漠区小毛足鼠种群数量及繁殖特征进行了调查。【结果】调查期间,在该研究区共捕获小毛足鼠502只,其中雌性253只,雄性249只,其平均雌雄性比为1.02±0.22、平均怀孕率为(37.63±14.70)%、平均胎仔数为(5.64±1.58)只、平均睾丸下降率为(63.07±34.29)%、平均繁殖指数为0.77±0.17。小毛足鼠捕获数量与平均雌雄性比呈极显著正相关(r=0.99,P0.01),与平均睾丸下降率呈显著正相关(r=0.94,P0.05)。【结论】在阿拉善荒漠区小毛足鼠的繁殖特征参数中,雌雄性比和雄性睾丸下降率对其种群调节起重要作用。     

Management of Bemisia tabaci biotype B with botanical and mineral oils

While the toxic effects of neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss, on Bemisia tabaci Genn. are well documented, few studies have evaluated other oils. We compared neem, sesame, citrus, castor, vegetable and mineral oils (1% v/v) to a chemical standard thiamethoxam (0.17 g A.I./L) against B. tabaci biotype B life stages on dry bean plants Phaseolus vulgaris L. under screenhouse conditions. Oils and thiamethoxam exhibited low ovicidal activity (<10% egg mortality). However, significant mortality occurred due to the residual activity to 1st instars that emerged from treated eggs. Overall, impacts of egg treatments were greatest for thiamethoxam (77% total mortality for eggs and 1st instars) compared with oils which were statistically similar (22–29% mortality). Larvicidal effect of oils (against 2nd instars) was greater than ovicidal effects. Highest nymphal mortality (>81%) was achieved with castor, sesame, citrus and neem oils, which was significantly greater than for thiamethoxam (65% mortality). Adult whiteflies were exposed to fresh and aged spray residues, rather than being sprayed directly. In this case, comparatively lower efficacy was achieved from oil treatments compared with thiamethoxam. While some mortality was observed from fresh residues of slow drying oils (up to 41% for castor oil), no significant control from any oil residues >3 days old was observed in our tests. The different route of exposure against adults likely reduced the effectiveness of oil treatments which act directly on the cuticle. In trials with viruliferous adult whiteflies exposed to fresh residues, none of the tested products completely prevented transmission of bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV). However, we noted reduced virus severity ratings from plants pre-treated with castor and citrus oil. We conclude that castor, sesame, citrus and neem oils have the potential to be used in whitefly management programs.     

金鲳鱼贮藏品质BPNN和RBFNN预测模型的构建与评价

针对金鲳鱼(Trachinotus ovatus)贮藏过程中品质变化难以预测的问题,测定金鲳鱼片在0、3、6、9、12℃贮藏条件下挥发性盐基氮质量分数(w(TVB-N))、菌落总数、K值和感官评价值,构建径向基函数神经网络(Radial basis function neural network, RBFNN)和反向传播神经网络(Back propagation neural network, BPNN)预测模型以预测品质,并对模型的预测结果进行残差分析和相对误差分析以评价预测准确度。结果表明：1)BPNN模型和RBFNN模型的残差都是随机且不规则的,说明2种模型都适用于预测金鲳鱼片的新鲜度,但RBFNN模型残差绝对值更小;2)对于4℃贮藏条件下金鲳鱼片的各项品质指标,BPNN模型预测相对误差绝对值小于15%(除K值第0天),RBFNN模型预测相对误差绝对值大部分小于5%,RBFNN模型预测相对误差绝对值较小。对于金鲳鱼片新鲜度的预测,RBFNN模型准确度较高,BPNN模型准确度较低,RNFNN模型更适合用于预测金鲳鱼贮藏品质。     

洪洞金丝小枣丰产管理技术调查

通过实践与调查，对洪洞金丝小枣的丰产管理技术作了系统总结。该丰产管理技术具有方法简便、适用性强、成本低等特点。只要适时把好各技术关，定能达到稳产、高产的目的。     

广西绿化植物黄素梅病虫害调查初报

为了解绿化植物黄素梅栽培中的病虫害危害情况,2006~2007年在广西的几个主要城市对黄素梅病虫害进行了系统调查,发现危害黄素梅的病虫害共有9种,分别是日本龟蜡蚧、棉蚜虫、温室白粉虱、黄蓟马、黄尾毒蛾、灰巴蜗牛、煤污病、中国菟丝子和1种叶斑病等。黄素梅病虫害总体发生数量少、危害程度轻,是一种优良的绿化树种,可进一步扩大种植。     

优选法在农业科学试验中的应用

利用数学原理.通过实例介绍了黄金分割优选法和菲波那契优选法在农业科学试验中的合理应用,减少了试验的次数,提高了工作效率.     

真空贴体包装对金丝皇菊护色效果研究

对真空贴体包装对金丝皇菊护色效果进行了实验研究,通过实验数据与照片记录可以看出,真空贴体包装机密封包装与塑料托盘敞口包装相比,真空贴体包装机对菊花护色有效果,起到良好的固定作用,防止花瓣掉落,保持金丝皇菊的完整性,能有效地减少金丝皇菊的褐变的情况,延长贮存的时间,在实验的2个月中,护色效果良好。论文结果可以为金丝黄菊产业高质量发展提供技术支撑。