内皮素对肺动脉高压综合征肉鸡的影响

 利用高能日粮常规饲养大群艾维因肉鸡的方法,获得自然肺动脉高压综合征(PHS)肉鸡病例。应用放 射免疫分析方法,分别测定了2～6 周龄正常组和肺动脉高压(PH)组肉鸡血浆及心、肝、肺、肾等组织中内皮素(endothelin-1,ET-1)的含量,并测定了腹水心脏指数(AHI)和平均肺动脉压(mPAP),同时还应用硝酸还原酶法 测定了血浆中一氧化氮(NO)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)水平。结果显示:PH组AHI、mPAP极显著高于正常组(P<0.01); 从 3周龄开始,PH组ET-1水平开始显著或极显著高于正常组     

早期限饲对低温所致肉鸡肺血管重构的影响

应用低温环境诱发肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征(PHS),观察早期限饲对PHS的防治效果及对肺小动脉显微形态学的影响。试验Ⅰ:限饲处理组肉鸡分别于7~14日龄或7~21日龄每天给料8h,对照组肉鸡全程自由采食。试验Ⅱ:限饲组肉鸡于7~14日龄分别给予自由采食对照组肉鸡前一天饲料消耗量的60%或80%。连续采样测定肺小动脉平均中膜厚度(mMTPA)、肺小动脉相对中膜面积(WA/TA)和肺厚壁末梢血管百分比(TWPV%)。结果显示,早期限饲显著降低了PHS发病率;低温显著升高了肉鸡WA/TA、mMTPA和TWPV%,而早期限饲处理则显著降低了WA/TA、mMTPA和TWPV%。提示:早期限饲能够有效防治肉鸡PHS,而抑制以肺小动脉管壁肥厚和肺血管肌型化为特征的血管重构可能是其重要机制之一。     

Seaweeds and Their Natural Products for Preventing Cardiovascular Associated Dysfunction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which involves the onset and exacerbation of various conditions including dyslipidemia, activation of the renin–angiotensin system, vascular endothelial cell damage, and oxidative stress, is a leading cause of high mortality rates and accounts for one-third of deaths worldwide. Accordingly, as dietary changes in daily life are thought to greatly reduce the prevalence of CVD, numerous studies have been conducted to examine the potential use of foods and their bioactive components for preventing and treating CVD. In particular, seaweeds contain unique bioactive metabolites that are not found in terrestrial plants because of the harsh environment in which they survive, leading to in vitro and in vivo studies of their prevention and treatment effects. This review summarizes studies that focused on the beneficial effects of seaweeds and their natural products targeting markers involved in a cascade of mechanisms related to CVD pathogenesis. The purpose of this review is to describe the potential of seaweeds and their natural products for preventing and treating CVD based on in vivo and in vitro studies. This review provides a basis for future research in the field of marine drugs.     

γ-氨基丁酸茶成分对大鼠血管紧张素I转换酶(ACE)活性的影响

为探明γ-氨基丁酸茶降血压机理,采用离体培养和活体实验法研究γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和其他茶成分对血管紧张素I转换酶(ACE)活性的影响。离体培养实验结果表明,GABA、丙氨酸、茶氨酸和γ-羟基丁酸对大鼠ACE活性有明显抑制作用,其中GABA抑制能力最强。当GABA浓度为1 mmol时,ACE活性被抑制50%;当GABA浓度为30 mmol时,ACE活性被完全抑制。活体实验结果也证实,喂食3% GABA能明显抑制食盐负荷大鼠ACE活性的升高。表明GABA对ACE活性的抑制是γ-氨基丁酸茶降血压的主要机理之     

一氧化氮对肉鸡肺血管重塑影响的研究进展

肺血管重塑是肉鸡肺动脉高压综合征的重要病理学变化特征,虽然对其形成的机制尚未完全清楚,但众多细胞因子在其形成过程中起重要作用已得到共识。一氧化氮作为一种信号物质,在血管扩张、细胞增殖与凋亡、内皮素分泌与合成以及抗氧化等过程中发挥着重要的调控作用,显示了其在抑制肉鸡肺血管重塑、预防和治疗肺动脉高压发生方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

缬沙坦联用吲达帕胺缓释片对2型糖尿病伴高血压左心室肥厚及舒张功能的影响

目的观察缬沙坦联用吲达帕胺缓释片对2型糖尿病伴高血压左心室肥厚及舒张功能的影响。方法2型糖尿病伴高血压左心室肥厚及舒张功能不全患者120例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组各60例。对照组服用缬沙坦80mg,每日1次;观察组服用缬沙坦80mg及吲达帕胺缓释片1.5mg,每日1次。所有病例观察20周,主要观察药物降压疗效、对左心室肥厚及左心室舒张功能的影响。结果缬沙坦和吲达帕胺缓释片联用比单用缬沙坦的降压效果更好。疗程结束后,观察组的舒张末期室间隔厚度及舒张末期左心室后壁厚度的改善程度明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论缬沙坦与吲达帕胺缓释片联用能有效的降低2型糖尿病伴高血压左心室肥厚及舒张功能不全患者的血压、逆转左心室肥厚及改善左心室的舒张功能。     

肉鸡腹水综合征发病机理与防治研究进展

肉鸡腹水综合征是造成商品肉鸡淘汰和死亡的一种重要疾病 ,发病原因包括遗传育种缺陷、饲养管理不善、饲养环境温度过低、环境氨气浓度过高和疾病因素 (包括传染病和中毒病 ) ,研究表明高海拔、低温环境缺氧是造成寒冷季节发病的最主要诱发因素 ,夏秋季节疾病因素成为主要诱发因素。目前认可的肉鸡腹水综合征发病机理有肠道高浓度氨假说和肺动脉高压假说 ,从不同侧面解释了发病机理。院收稿日期 :2 0 0 3- 0 4 - 2 1作者简介 :何　诚 (196 6 - ) ,男 ,宁夏中宁人 ,中国农业大学动物医学院副研究员 ,从事禽病病理生理研究工作。针对形成肺动脉高压的心输出量、肺血管阻力因素 ,国内外研究者观察了血液生化指标、血管舒张收缩因子、肺动脉压力、自由基清除、肺动脉形态等变化 ,试图支持肺动脉高压学说。最近研究发现发病因子造成肉鸡心脏和肺脏功能损伤是肉鸡腹水综合征的内在机制。针对不同的发病因素和发病环节 ,提出了改善心肺功能、降低肺动脉收缩阻力、消除自由基和活血化淤等新措施防治该病的发生     

正常鸡、亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡肺外动脉舒张反应性的比较

采用离体血管环技术比较了正常鸡、亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡的离体肺外动脉对乙酰胆碱(ACh)的内皮依赖性和对硝普钠(SNP)的非内皮依赖性舒张反应性。结果显示:在苯肾上腺素(PE)预收缩后,正常鸡、亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡的肺外动脉对ACh和SNP均表现出浓度依赖性舒张反应。低ACh和SNP浓度时,三者的舒张反应相差不明显,高浓度时,腹水鸡和亚临床腹水鸡的舒张反应性明显比正常鸡低。3 3×10-6ACh可使正常鸡肺外动脉舒张百分数达100%,亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡仅分别为83 12%和80 84%;3 3×10-7SNP使正常鸡肺外动脉舒张百分数达98 17%,亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡仅分别为70 46%和71 65%。亚临床腹水鸡和腹水鸡肺外动脉对PE的收缩反应比正常鸡强。结果表明肺动脉高压肉鸡肺外动脉对ACh的内皮依赖性和对SNP的非内皮依赖性舒张反应都下降,对PE的收缩反应性增加。结果初步证明肺外动脉舒张反应性下降及收缩反应性增加与肉鸡肺动脉高压的形成有关。     

Association between plasma level of microRNA-21 and pulmonary hypertension in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction

AIM: To investigate the correlation between microRNA-21 (miR-21) and pulmonary hypertension(PH) in the patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). METHODS: From January 2014 to February 2016, 102 HFpEF patients presenting to Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into PH-HFPEF group (n=36, PASP ≥ 50 mmHg) and HFpEF group (n=40, PASP<50 mmHg). Another 36 age-and sex-matched subjects served as healthy controls. The plasma level of miR-21 and its correlations with clinic data were examined, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent predictors of PH-HFpEF. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. The sensitivity and specificity for PH-HFPEF diagnosis were also determined. RESULTS: Age, plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and left atrial diameter (LAD) were significantly higher in PH-HFPEF group than those in HFPEF group (P<0.05). The level of miR-21 was significantly increased in PH-HFPEF group compared with HFpEF group and healthy control group. In addition, the miR-21 level was correlated with PASP (r=0.267, P=0.000), plasma IL-6 (r=0.302, P=0.013) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) (r=0.515, P=0.036). Plasma IL-6 was positively correlated with plasma ET-1 (r=0.622, P=0.002). PASP was positively correlated with plasma IL-6 (r=0.36, P=0.023), ET-1 (r=0.76, P=0.004), BNP (r=0.43,P=0.031), and LAD (r=0.39, P=0.044). ROC curve showed that the AUC of miR-21 was 0.80. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that miR-21, LAD and BNP were the independent predictors of PH-HFpEF. CONCLUSION: Increased plasma miR-21 level is positively correlated to PH-HFpEF, and is an independent predictor of PH-HFpEF, suggesting that plasma miR-21 might be a useful new biomarker for predicting PH in HFpEF patients.