不同硫浓度下叶面施硒对水稻幼苗镉的亚细胞分布及化学形态的影响

采用水培的方式,通过叶面喷施硒(Se),根部施加硫(S)与镉(Cd),研究了不同硫浓度下叶面施硒对水稻幼苗体内Cd的亚细胞分布和化学形态的影响。结果表明,在不同处理条件下,细胞壁组分所占比例均为Cd10Cd1(Cd10代表浓度为10 mg·L-1的Cd,下同)。随着S的增加以及叶面施Se可溶性组分中Cd的比例有所升高,表明S与Se的供应能促进Cd向液泡转移。NaCl提取态所占比例趋势为S720S48S0、Se500Se0,而乙醇和去离子水等活性较高的提取态所占比例有所下降,说明S的添加以及叶面施Se能够促使Cd向活性较低的提取态转移。然而相对于无S,在高浓度S情况下,施Se并未显著增加Cd在液泡中以及FNaCl提取态的比例,推测S与Se之间相互竞争,从而未产生协同作用。     

长江中下游浅水湖沉积物磷形态及其分布特征研究

对长江中下游7个浅水湖泊的表层沉积物,应用淡水沉积物中磷形态的标准测试程序(SMT)测定了其中的总磷、无机磷、有机磷、铁/铝磷和钙磷等5个部份,分析了各形态磷之间以及各形态磷与沉积物理化性质如总氮、有机质、主要氧化物组成之间的相关性.结果表明,研究区域内,表层沉积物总磷含量在217.8～3 337.2mg·kg-1之间,城市湖泊总磷含量总体上高于太湖等五大淡水湖;表层沉积物中的磷以无机磷为主,有机磷为辅,前者占总磷的比例多数处于60%～80%之间;从各形态磷含量的变化范围来看,Fe/Al-P＞OP＞Ca-P,而从百分含量的变化范围来看,则是Fe/Al-P＞Ca-P＞OP.表层沉积物中TP含量的增加主要来自Fe-P部分,其次来自OP部分;OP含量与Ca-P和Fe/Al-P的含量均有较好的正相关关系,而Ca-P与Fe/Al-P只有很弱的相关性.TN、有机质含量与OP、TP、Ca-P和Fe/Al-P均呈极显著正相关.TFe2O3与Fe/Al-P、TP、OP呈极显著正相关,而与Ca-P的相关性较弱;CaO与Ca-P呈极显著正相关,与OP有一定的正相关,与其他形态的磷则没有或只有微弱的相关性.     

以彝人古镇为例论我国新兴旅游形式的发展

旅游是社会生产力发展到一定阶段的产物,是人们在满足了基本生活需要的基础上逐渐所形成的更高层次的消费需求,随着经济的发展以及社会不断的进步,人们思维方式的不断转变对于旅游的要求也逐渐发生了转变。     

不同氮素形态对延边烤烟几种关键酶活性的影响

以吉烟9号为材料,通过大田试验,研究吉林省东部地区烤烟不同氮素形态配比对保护酶（SOD、CAT、MDA）硝酸还原酶（NR）、转化酶的影响.结果表明：在抗氧化酶上,不同部位烟叶SOD及CAT活性的变化趋势为上部叶〉中部叶〉下部叶;在丙二醛含量上,从小到大依次为上部叶、中部叶和下部叶;处理间进行比较,处理C（50%∶50%）在抗氧化酶方面比其它处理都高,且丙二醛含量比其它处理都低;说明处理C的抗逆性最强,处理D、B次之;在INV、NR及INV/NR方面,不同叶位INV、NR的酶活性变化趋势均为上部叶〉中部叶〉下部叶,且随着铵态氮用量下降和硝态氮用量上升呈先上升后下降的单峰曲线,当配比50%：50%时达到最高值,表明适当的氨硝比能够增强植株抗逆性,并促进植物的碳氮代谢.     

梨九绵蚜一些新型记述(同翅目:瘿绵蚜科)

对梨九绵蚜 ( Siciunguisnovena Zgang et Hu,1 999)的干母 (在原生寄主榆树上 )、有翅干雌 (原生寄主上的有翅孤雌蚜 )、无翅侨蚜 (次生寄主梨树上的无翅孤雌蚜 )、有翅性母 (次生寄主上的有翅孤雌蚜 )、雌、雄性蚜 (在原生寄主上 )、卵 (在原生寄主上 )等各型成体均进行了描述 ,除有翅性母外 ,其余各型均为首次记述。所有研究用标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆内     

薄板稳定性有限元分析中几何刚度阵的进一步研究

本文对薄板稳定性有限分析中的精化几何刚度矩阵作了进一步改进，使其列式更为简单，且保持精度高、适应能力强的特点。     

Body shape variation within and among three species of darters (Perciformes: Percidae)

Abstract –  Using geometric morphometric (GM) techniques, we quantified intra and interspecific variation in female body shape using five collections each of Etheostoma caeruleum Storer, Etheostoma nigrum Rafinesque, and Etheostoma stigmaeum (Jordan). Nested multivariate analysis of variance showed significant variation in body shape among populations (Wilks' Λ = 0.0687, F _144,7585.1 = 19.35, P  < 0.0001), as well as among species (Wilks' Λ = 8.7 × 10⁻⁶, F _24,2 = 28.18, P  = 0.0348). Etheostoma caeruleum displayed greater body depth relative to both E. nigrum and E. stigmaeum , whereas E. nigrum displayed a compressed arrangement of mid-body landmarks relative to both E. stigmaeum and E. caeruleum . The broader implications of these findings highlight the value of geometric morphometrics as both an exploratory and analytical approach. Conclusions drawn from comparisons among moderately differentiated darter species in future studies of body size and shape are likely robust to intraspecific variation within species, and will permit more rigorous investigations into the ecomorphology of these benthic stream fishes.     

Quantifying growth in maricultured corals using photogrammetry

In coral mariculture, growth is one of the most common ways to track success. However, numerous methods of monitoring coral growth make comparative studies challenging. A literature review of 39 studies from 1982 to 2017 indicated that the most predominant non‐invasive methods used were linear and areal measurement and these were evaluated for their accuracy using nursery‐reared corals. The monthly change in linear and areal growth rates of six coral species (n = 215), Pocillopora acuta, Hydnophora rigida, Merulina ampliata, Podabacia crustacea, Echinopora lamellosa and Platygyra sinensis were measured via photogrammetry. We tested whether the planar area of coral colonies can be estimated using three geometric formulas of linear measurements. Based on the literature review, the six types of measurement methods were namely linear, volume, weight, area, count of polyps/branches and calcification, in decreasing order of application. Our results showed that the change in area calculated by geometric mean diameter (GMD) formulas provided the most accurate estimation among the three formulas and was strongly correlated with planar area (R² ≥ .60; p < .05) for all coral species, except E. lamellosa and Pl. sinensis. However, our findings suggest that it is not ideal to use geometric formulas to estimate the change in area. Instead, we posit that areal photogrammetry represents the simplest yet accurate non‐invasive method for rapid monitoring of extensive areas of corals in situ. Lastly, we discuss the recommendations and limitations for areal photogrammetry.     

不同氮素形态及配比对蔬菜生长和品质的影响

分别以纯水和自来水为生长介质对莴笋和菠菜进行水培试验,以揭示不同氮素形态及配比对蔬菜生长和品质的影响。结果表明,以纯水为水培水源,ＮＯ－３－Ｎ∶ＮＨ＋４－Ｎ为１∶１或单独供应ＮＨ＋４－Ｎ,对作物生长均有一定程度的抑制作用,而以后者的生长量最低。以自来水作水培介质时,以ＮＯ－３－Ｎ为唯一氮源预培养一段时间后,再提高营养液中ＮＨ＋４－Ｎ比例,有利于蔬菜的生长发育及硝酸盐含量的降低,使莴笋维生素Ｃ含量也有所降低,菠菜则无明显变化。当植物生长量较大时,尿素作水培氮源不能满足作物对氮素的需求     

Isolation of new pregnancy-associated glycoproteins from water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) placenta by Vicia villosa affinity chromatography

The present study describes the isolation and characterization of new pregnancy-associated glycoprotein molecules (PAG) from midpregnancy and late-pregnancy placentas in the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). After extraction, the homogenates are subjected to acid and ammonium sulfate precipitations followed by DEAE chromatography. Subsequently, the water buffalo PAG (wbPAG) from these solutions are enriched by Vicia villosa agarose (VVA) affinity chromatography. As determined by western blotting with anti-PAG sera, the apparent molecular masses of the immunoreactive bands from the VVA peaks range from 59.5 to 75.8 kDa and from 57.8 to 73.3 kDa in the midpregnancy and late-pregnancy placentas, respectively. Amino-terminal microsequencing of the immunoreactive proteins has allowed the identification of three distinct wbPAG sequences, which have been deposited in the SwissProt database: RGSXLTIHPLRNIRDFFYVG (acc. no. P85048), RGSXLTILPLRNIID (acc. no. P85049), and RGSXLTHLPLRNI (acc. no. P85050). Their comparison to previously identified proteins has shown that two of them are new because they have not been described before. Our results confirm the suitability of VVA chromatography for the enrichment of the multiple PAG molecules expressed in buffalo placenta.