电子商务实验教学存在的问题与探讨

目前,高校教学中存在培养的电子商务人才供求错位,教学内容与社会的需求出现了严重脱节等问题。从电子商务专业实验教学中存在的问题入手,明确电子商务的教学定位,提出从模拟、设计、参与实际电子商务活动等三个层面逐步提高学生电子商务能力的方法,同时提出了研究导向教学方法,为学生毕业后从事电子商务研究与管理工作打下坚实的基础。     

五道河林场次生用材林龄级结构调整及评价

龄级结构是森林结构中最重要的结构之一 .该文对河北省五道河林场的次生用材林的龄级结构用数学规划方法进行了调整 ,并用欧氏距离和平衡率 2方法对龄级结构调整的结果进行了评价 ,效果良好     

福建省木麻黄毒蛾灾区区划及其应用研究

根据区划理论,应用数学方法和计算机技术,将福建省木麻黄毒蛾灾区区划为3个区和3个危险程度等级,并建立Ⅰ、Ⅱ级危险程度等级的发生面积预测预报数学模型。经检验,该模型精度较高,拟合效果好,可在生产上推广应用。     

论"名士风度"与"圣贤气象"的思想脉络

魏晋"名士风度"与宋代"圣贤气象"是不同的理想人格类型,它们在价值取向、思想资源等方面存在明显区别。但是,它们均是古代士大夫人生哲学的体现,故而在士大夫主体意识、名教可乐、性情结构、超越境界等问题上有诸多共同点,着重论述了二者承传发展的关系与思想逻辑的脉络。     

The origin of the A genome donor of wheats (Triticum: Poaceae) – a perspective based on the sequence variation of the 5S DNA gene units

In a prior study on the haplomes of wheat using the 5S rRNA gene we assigned the long A1 and short A1 unit classes to the A haplome in the diploid T. monococcum. The short A1 unit class is absent in the tetraploids T. turgidum and T. timopheevii and in the hexaploid T. aestivum, although present in the hexaploid T. zhukovskyi. Both T. turgidum and T. aestivum contained a different 5S DNA unit class labeled the short A2.The purpose of this paper was to study the short A2 units in the two diploid species to shed light on the theory that the A haplome donor of T. turgidum and T. aestivum was T. urartu. Fifty eight clones were obtained from 12 accessions, sequenced and analyzed. As expected T. baeoticum, which is often classified as a subspecies of T. monococcum, contained the long A1 and the short A1 5S DNA units. Unexpectedly, T. urartu had the long A1 and the short G1 unit classes instead and other units not found so far in Triticum. These findings support the hypothesis that the donor of the A genome in T. zhukovskyi was T. monococcum, as identified by the short A1 units. However, the short A1 units are absent in T. timopheevii, also a carrier of the A genome. The short G1 units found in T. urartu also identify it as a possible donor of the G genome to T. timopheevii. The short G1 units were also found in T. aestivum in our prior study. The long G1 unit class was not found in T. urartu but reported from T. timopheevii and T. zhukovskyi. The implications of these and related findings on the evolution of wheats are discussed.     

松嫩平原寸草苔种群生殖分株的种子生产与生殖分配策略

在松嫩平原 ,寸草苔种群生殖分株种子生产数量 ,在休闲放牧场为 (15.2 5± 2 .78)粒 /穗 ,在割草场为 (11.4 4± 2 .2 4 )粒 /穗。籽粒千粒重休闲放牧场为 (1.5873± 0 .10 54) g ,割草场为 (1.4 6 4 6± 0 .2 333)g。生殖分株的生物量及其穗与籽粒各组分重量均为随着高度级的增加呈规律性增加 ,但穗重占全株重比率的生殖分配Ⅰ和籽实重占全株重比率的生殖分配Ⅱ均随着高度级的增加呈直线形式减少。不同生长状况的生殖分株对有限资源具有不同的分配策略。     

宁夏农垦耕地土壤类型与分布规律

通过对宁夏农垦45 309 hm2耕地土壤的调查分析,结果表明:垦区耕地土壤分9个类型,19个亚类,不同土类占总耕地面积的比重依次是灰钙土占44.9%、潮土占20.6%、灌淤土占20.3%、新积土占11.1%、风砂土占2.4%,粗骨土、沼泽土、草甸盐土和碱土共占0.7%;成土母质以洪积物、人工淤积物和冲积物为主,耕层质地多为壤土、砂壤土和砂土;仅有12%的耕地土壤有机质平均质量分数为高,多出现在灌於土和潮土区域,40%以上耕地土壤有效磷、速效钾和有效锰为低,70%以上的耕地氮素缺乏;不同种植制度有机质和速效钾质量分数由高到低排序依次是三段轮作>常年稻作区>二段轮作,微量元素变化依次是常年稻作区>二段轮作>常年玉米>多年生;依照障碍因素的不同成因有针对性地提出耕改良利用措施。     

Excess dietary cholesterol may have an adverse effect on growth performance of early post-larval Litopenaeus vannamei

One experiment was conducted to determine the nutritive value of cholesterol for post-larval shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Four isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets supplemented with four levels of cholesterol (D1, D2, D3 and D4 with 0, 0.5%, 1% and 2% cholesterol, respectively) were fed to triplicate groups of L. vannamei shrimp (mean initial wet weight 0.8 mg) for 27 days. After the trial, shrimp fed the D1 diet had the best growth performance (final body weights: FBW; weight gain: WG; specific growth rate: SGR), while there was no significant difference between diet treatments with respect to survival. The whole body crude protein level in the shrimp decreased with the increase in dietary cholesterol levels, while the whole body crude lipid level in shrimps in the D4 diet treatment was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than in other diet treatments. Dietary analysis indicated that the D1 diet contained 0.92% cholesterol prior to supplementation, which may have satisfied the dietary cholesterol requirement of post-larval L. vannamei; excess dietary cholesterol may thus lead to adverse effects on the growth performance of post-larval shrimp.     

Floristic composition and ecological gradient analyses of the Liakot Forests in the Kalam region of District Swat,Pakistan

Kalam Kohistan is a dry,temperate hilly region in the Hindu Raj Series of the Greater Hindu Kush Mountains with diverse forests.As plant distribution and composition is expression of a range of various environmental variables,ecological and floristic attributes of vegetation in the Laikot Forests were therefore evaluated via consecutive explorative trips.These forests have not been evaluated ecologically before due to harsh climatic conditions and issues of accessibility and the study in hand is one of the first in its nature.Quantitative ecological techniques were used to sample forest vegetation and identify species in quadrats of 2 m×2 m for herbs,5 m×5 m for shrubs and 10 m×10 m for trees.All the data of 195 plant species and environmental factors were analyzed via Two-way Cluster Analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis using PCORD and CANOCO software.Among 195 plant species from 63 families were 27 species of Asteraceae,the most-speciose family,followed by Poaceae(20 spp.).The dominant life form was therophyte(86 spp.;44%share),followed by phanerophyte(41 spp.;21%share).For the leaf size spectrum,most prevalent was nanophyll(73 spp.;44%)followed by microphyll(66 spp.,34%)and mesophyll(44 spp.;23%).Calcium carbonate,pH,potassium,sand,silt,organic matter,slope aspect and grazing significantly influenced species composition,distribution and habitat.The floristic variation in the region was diverse due to elevational and aspect gradients and thus devided into three zones.This vegetation zonation can be utilized for forest management,species and habitat conservation.Both in situ and ex situ conservation of threatened plant species may improve their conservation status in future if address properly.