豪猪雌性生殖器官的解剖研究

为了解雌性豪猪的生殖生理,为其发情鉴定、催情技术、人工授精、胚胎移植、体外受精等人工繁殖技术方面的研究提供基础依据,对成年雌性豪猪的生殖器官进行了系统解剖研究。结果表明,雌性豪猪的性腺没有明显的季节性变化,但是在发情周期的不同时期卵巢有不同的变化,当母豪猪发情后,卵巢表面有成熟的卵泡,使整个卵巢体积增大,发情期过后,则卵巢相对缩小。其它生殖器官也都具有各自的解剖特征。     

麋鹿雌性生殖系统的组织学观察

为了解麋鹿雌性生殖系统的组织学结构,应用常规石蜡切片和HE染色技术,对麋鹿卵巢、子宫、输卵管的结构进行了观察。结果显示:麋鹿的卵巢分为皮质和髓质,皮质中含有各级卵泡和黄体,髓质中含有大量的血管;子宫壁从内向外可分为内膜、肌层和外膜,内膜层中分布着大量的腺体和血管,肌层由环肌层和纵肌层构成;输卵管中央有明显的褶皱,管壁包括黏膜层、肌层和外膜。麋鹿雌性生殖系统的组织学结构与其他鹿科动物相似,为进一步研究麋鹿的生殖繁殖提供了参考。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒疫苗不同接种途径对母猪生殖道黏膜淋巴细胞分布的影响

16头 5月龄长白×大约克夏二元杂交母猪 ,通过不同途径接种猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒 (PRRSV)弱毒疫苗 ,采用组织学方法研究其对母猪生殖道黏膜淋巴细胞分布的影响。结果表明 ,与对照组相比 ,鼻腔和肌注接种可使猪子宫角、子宫体和子宫颈黏膜上皮内淋巴细胞的数量极显著增加 (P <0 0 1 ) ,生殖道接种则使淋巴细胞的数量极显著减少(P <0 0 1 )。鼻腔与肌注接种间无明显差异。经生殖道接种疫苗时 ,子宫黏膜上皮变得不规则 ,有些部位上皮变薄。而经鼻腔和肌注接种时 ,黏膜固有层中多见淋巴细胞聚集 ,形成淋巴细胞群 ,并向黏膜腔表面排放。提示不同途径接种PRRSV疫苗对母猪子宫黏膜及上皮内淋巴细胞的分布和组织结构具有显著的影响     

榆紫叶甲生殖系统研究及无公害防治

本文概述了榆紫叶甲发生危害情况及无公害防治,深入研究了其生殖系统结构及繁殖力。结果表明:榆紫叶甲雄性内生殖器由精巢、贮精囊、输精管、附腺和射精管组成;雄性外生殖器由阳茎口、阳茎和阳茎基组成;雌性内生殖器由卵巢、侧输卵管、中输卵管、受精囊、附腺和生殖腔组成;雌性外生殖器位于消化道与生殖腔交界处,由背产卵瓣、内产卵瓣和腹产卵瓣组成;榆紫叶甲单雌可产卵300余粒。本研究可为我国东北地区榆紫叶甲的绿色防控提供参考。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征弱毒苗阴道免疫对母猪子宫IgA和IgG分泌细胞的影响

用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征 (PRRS) 弱毒苗分别通过生殖道黏膜免疫和肌肉注射免疫母猪 (各 4头 ), 另 4头经生殖道接种生理盐水作为对照, 运用免疫组化技术显示子宫局部IgA分泌细胞和IgG分泌细胞的分布。结果表明, 对照组子宫中IgA分泌细胞和IgG分泌细胞主要分布于黏膜固有层浅层, 子宫颈中的IgA分泌细胞数量多于子宫角, 而子宫角中IgG分泌细胞数量多于子宫颈。生殖道免疫后, 与对照组相比, 子宫角IgA分泌细胞数量极显著增多 (P<0 01), 子宫颈IgA分泌细胞数量无显著增加; 子宫角IgG分泌细胞数量有所增加, 但差异不显著, 子宫颈IgG分泌细胞数量无显著变化。肌肉注射后, 子宫中IgA和IgG抗体分泌细胞数量与对照组间无明显变化。表明用PRRS弱毒苗经生殖道黏膜免疫可增加子宫局部抗体分泌细胞数量, 而全身免疫对子宫抗体分泌细胞无显著影响。     

Morphological traits for sex identification of the oriental armyworm,Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

The oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) is a harmful pest which causes heavy loss in agricultural crops. Sex identification of M. separata is very important for understanding the biology and management of this pest. Development of fast and convenient methods to identify M. separata female and male is the necessary prerequisite for conducting gender-related studies. In this study, new methods to differentiate sex of M. separata at pupal and adult stages were investigated. Our results showed that posterior abdominal segments containing genital organs which are morphological traits to differentiate female and male. Genital openings are important characters for the female and male pupae differentiation. For female pupa, it locates on the ventral side of eighth and ninth abdominal segments and appears as a visible longitudinal suture; for male pupa, it locates on the ventral side of the ninth abdominal segment and appears as a short slit surrounded by a pair of visible semicircular lumps. Bristle numbers are another indicator for sex differentiation of adults. Each female has three-bristled frenulum and each male has one bristled-frenulum near the base of hind wing of each side of moth body. We confirmed the two sex differentiation methods manually by dissecting genitalia of adults and found their genger was as same as what we examined the sex of pupae and adults using the morphological methods.     

Postnatal exposure to a progestin does not prevent uterine adenogenesis in domestic dogs

To assess the effects of a single supraphysiological postnatal administration of a progestogen on uterine glands in dogs, 10 females were randomly assigned to a medroxyprogesterone acetate 35 mg (MPA; n = 6) or placebo (n = 4) group within the first 24 h of birth. The safety of the treatment was also evaluated. A transient mild clitoris enlargement appeared in MPA-treated females. Microscopic postpubertal uterine assessment revealed the presence of uterine glands in all cases without significant differences in the area occupied by the glands per µm² of endometrium nor in the height of the uterine epithelium.     

SPMI基因在公母猪生殖道的时空表达特性研究

为揭示猪精子运动抑制因子(Seminal plasma motility inhibitor,SPMI)基因在公母猪生殖道的时空表达特性,本研究运用定性RT-PCR分析了SPMI在生殖道的组织表达谱,利用半定量RT-PCR技术分析了SPMI在公猪精囊腺和尿道球腺组织的发育性表达.定性RT-PCR分析结果发现,SPMI基因在精囊腺中的表达丰度最高,在尿道球腺和子宫角中呈中等丰度表达,在前列腺、子宫颈和卵巢中的表达较弱,在其它生殖道组织未检测到mRNA表达.半定量RT-PCR分析结果显示,SPMI基因在公猪精囊腺和尿道球腺中的发育性表达规律相似,都在初生时即启动,表达水平随着日龄的增加不断提高,直至性成熟(150日龄).其中SPMI基因在精囊腺中的表达在60、90和150日龄均有显著提高(P＜0.05);而在尿道球腺中,SPMI基因的表达在30、90和150日龄均有显著提高(P＜0.05),而60日龄的表达较30日龄时有所提高,但差异不显著(P＞0.05).这些结果提示SPMI基因在公母猪生殖道呈广泛表达,其发育性表达呈日龄依赖性特点,表达水平在初情期至性成熟期有显著提高.     

Presence of a Temperature Gradient Among Genital Tract Portions and the Thermal Changes Within These Portions Over the Estrous Cycle in Beef Cows

The aim of the present study was to describe the temperature of the different portions of the female genital tract and their relation to rectal temperature and to investigate the effect of steroid hormones profiles on these variables over the estrous cycle in cattle. Four nonpregnant Japanese Black cows were investigated daily over two successive estrous cycles using a digital thermometer with a long probe and rounded-end sensor to record the temperature of the rectum (RT), vagina (VT), cervix (CT), uterine body (UBT) and uterine horns (UHT). Blood samples were collected immediately before temperature recording to assay peripheral levels of progesterone (P₄) and estradiol-17β (E₂). Moreover, transrectal ultrasonography was carried out after temperature recording to monitor the ovulatory follicle and track ovulation. During the experiment, the ambient temperature and relative humidity were recorded for further calculation of the temperature humidity index (THI). The temperature within the genital tracts in these cows progressively increased towards the uterine horns from the vagina. The VT, CT, UBT and UHTs were significantly higher in association with peripheral P₄ concentrations greater than 4 ng/ml (mid-luteal phase) when compared with lower peripheral P₄ concentrations. The VT was more significantly (P<0.01) correlated to the CT, UBT and UHTs than RT. In conclusion, a temperature gradient was present among the vagina, cervix and uterus over the estrous cycle, and changes in peripheral P₄ concentrations were associated with the thermal variations within these portions. The VT could be more beneficial than RT in monitoring temperature of deeper portions of the female genital tract in bovine.     

Uterus duplex bicollis,Vagina simplex in laboratory Guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus), rats (Rattus norvegicus forma domestica) and mice (Mus musculus forma domestica)

The female genital tract originates from the Müllerian ducts during embryological development. Fusion of the ducts occurs in different segments depending on the animal species, resulting in a variational number of the respective organ. Current literature on genital tract morphology of laboratory rodents is controversial. Therefore, the present study aimed at determining an anatomically correct definition of the uterus in laboratory guinea pigs, mice and rats. In all three rodent species, we found two separate cervical canals that communicate with an individual uterus via discrete ostia uteri interna. The correct anatomical definition should therefore be uterus duplex bicollis, vagina simplex.