烟草品种Coker176和Ti245抗TMV的遗传分析*

 以2个抗烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的烟草品种Coker176和Ti245及感TMV烟草品种K326为材料,经杂交、自交、回交建立F1,F2,BC1等世代群体。采用人工接种TMV的方法对各群体进行抗性鉴定,统计各世代抗感植株数;利用卡方测验对分离世代群体进行抗感分离比检测。结果表明,Coker176的TMV抗性由一对显性基因所控制,Ti245的TMV抗性由两对隐性基因所控制。最后对2个抗性亲本在抗TMV育种中的利用进行了探讨。     

粗皮桉种源/家系的遗传变异

粗皮桉是生产锯材的潜力树种之一。对其进行了种源/家系早期选择试验，结果表明：2年生试验林的平均树高和胸径分别为7.69m和7.08cm，保存率为75.08%，且各指标在种源和家系水平上都存在极显著差异；树高的遗传力随树龄的增加而增大，2年生时树高和胸径的遗传力分别为26.3%和22.8%，用指数选择法选出17861等8个种批（平均树高7.82-7.93m，平均胸径6.99-7.38cm)和211等15个家系（平均树高7.80-9.43m，平均胸径8.00-8.69cm)为推荐的潜力优良材料。     

水稻多基因型种群品种不同生态稻区的适应性研究

旨在探究水稻多基因型种群品种在不同生态稻区的适应性和稳定性,为多基因型种群品种的推广提供依据。选用参试品种‘尤群6号’、‘南八糯’和对照品种‘红优7号’开展田间试验,通过抗病性、农艺性状等指标进行综合评价。结果表明：参试品种‘尤群6号’(0.40~0.95 kg/m2)和‘南八糯’(0.81~1.04 kg/m2)在4个稻区产量显著高于对照品种（尤群6号在文山地区表现除外）;田间发病总体较轻,个别品种在局部试验点表现有差异,‘尤群6号’在文山稻瘟病发生 (DI=48.66)和粳稻区楚雄稻曲病发生相对较重,仍需继续种植综合观察;品种生育期随试验点海拔的升高而缩短,株高随月平均气温升高而增高,品种内株高变异系数介于1.97~6.13之间。研究表明参试品种在籼粳混栽区红河表现最佳,籼稻区德宏表现较好,在文山、楚雄田间表现有待继续评价;总体上,表现出较好适应性和稳定性。     

蓝莓果实花色苷成分组成鉴定及分析

为研究不同品种蓝莓花色苷的组成特点,以40个品种蓝莓为试材,利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定蓝莓果实中花色苷种类的数量及其相对含量。试验中共检测到14种花色苷,平均含量为841.40μg/g,但不同品种蓝莓花色苷种类和含量差异较大,蔓蓝莓果实花色苷种类丰富,含量高,果实品质优良;矮丛蓝莓较为普通;高丛蓝莓花色苷种类少且花色苷含量低,果实品质较差。"M7-1"品种蓝莓花色苷含量最高,花色苷种类最丰富,表明可以通过育种和筛选技术获得花色苷含量高且种类丰富的优质蓝莓品系。     

湖羊生长性状遗传参数的估测

对湖羊生长性状的表型参数和遗传参数的估测表明，性别对这些生长性状有极显著的影响，在遗传参数的估测中剔除性别的效应可提高估计的正确性。初生重、断奶重、三月龄重、六月龄重、周岁重和日增重等性状都属于高遗传力性状，遗传力分别为０．４１９０，０．３０４２．０．６０２３，０．６０７７，０．３９５６和０．６９４５．根据相关分析结果，为提高湖羊的生长速度和肉用性能，把日增重和三月龄重作为主要选择性状，预期可获得较好的效果     

Identification of Neofabraea species causing bull's eye rot of apple in Poland and their direct detection in apple fruit using multiplex PCR

Based on partial sequence analysis of the β‐tubulin gene, 19 isolates of fungi causing bull's eye rot on apple in Poland were classified into species: Neofabraea alba, N. perennans and N. kienholzii. To the authors’ knowledge, the detection of N. kienholzii is the second in Europe and the first in Poland. Species affiliation of these fungi was confirmed by a new species‐specific multiplex PCR assay developed on the basis of previously published methods. The new protocol allowed for the specific identification of bull's eye rot‐causing species, both from pure cultures and directly from the skin of diseased or apparently healthy apples. In 550 samples of diseased fruits collected from nine cold storage rooms located in three regions of Poland, in 2011 and 2012, N. alba was detected as the predominant species causing bull's eye rot, occurring on average in 94% of the tested samples. Neofabraea perennans was found in a minority of apple samples, N. kienholzii was found only in two apple samples, while N. malicorticis was not detected in any sample tested. In tests on 120 apparently healthy fruits, only N. perennans was detected in a single sample. The results of genetic diversity analyses of bull's eye rot‐causing fungi based on the β‐tubulin gene sequence and an ISSR (inter‐simple sequence repeat) PCR assay with two primers were consistent, showing the expected segregation of tested isolates with respect to their species boundaries. However, the genetic distance between N. perennans and N. malicorticis was very low, as reported previously.     

闽楠优树子代测定及早期选择研究

对建立在福建省永安国有林场的8个种源41个家系闽楠Phoebe bournei优树子代测定林进行连续5年的调查分析,结果表明:闽楠不同家系在树高、胸径、材积生长上差异达到极显著水平,这些差异主要由家系本身的遗传特性决定.以材积生长作为主要选择依据,初选出Np617、yp602、Yp604等9个速生优良家系,其6a林龄树高平均值4.53 m,胸径平均值4.70 cm,材积平均值0.004 879 m3,平均遗传增益18.74％、22.37％、75.72％;初选出Ya101、Ya102、Ya103等30个速生优良单株,其6a林龄树高平均值5.34m,胸径平均值6.30 cm,材积平均值0.009 141 m3,平均遗传增益29.68％、36.28％、157.89％.这些优良家系和优良单株可用于闽楠育种群体和无性繁殖材料的选择以及种质资源库的建立.     

淮安地区主栽小麦品种指纹图谱的构建及遗传多样性分析

利用分布在小麦42条染色体上的86对SSR引物,对24份淮安地区主栽小麦品种(系)基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,结果发现,86对SSR引物中有26对引物在24份材料之间具有稳定的多态性。利用这26对SSR引物所检测出的124个等位基因对24份淮安地区小麦主栽品种(系)进行遗传相似性分析,并在26对引物中选择其中6对多态性好、扩增带型清晰的SSR引物构建24份小麦品种(系)的指纹图谱。6对SSR引物构建的指纹图谱可以将24份小麦品种(系)逐一区分开来。24份小麦品种(系)间遗传相似系数的变异范围为0.54～0.92。采用非加权类平均法进行聚类分析,在相似系数064处,可将24份小麦品种(系)分为4大类群,在一定程度上反映了品种之间的亲缘关系。