新时代强化高职院校二级院系党总支作用的思考

高职院校党建工作是培育合格人才的根本保证,二级院系党总支是学院党委工作的延伸和支撑,是支部工作的直接领导和有力支持。梳理了新时代二级院系党总支作用发挥存在的问题,提出了"明确职能、创新模式、完善机制"的加强和改进党总支建设的路径,为高职教育事业发展和培养数量充足的高素质技术技能人才提供保障。     

温室计算机控制与管理技术的发展概况及在我国的应用前景

应用现代控制和信息管理技术创造温室微气候生态环境条件,并对环境控制和作物生产进行科学的管理和指导,这对温室作物优质高效生产至关重要,作者在收集大量资料的基础上对现代温室计算机控制与管理技术做了概述,预测了它在我国的应用前景,并提出了应用与发展的建议。     

林业产业结构转换与林区经济发展

本文利用大量的统计资料和研究文献,考察了世界林业产业结构演进的一般规律,分析了其演进的动因,对我国林业发展阶段作了一个基本估计,并讨论了有关林业决策的几个主要问题。最后,以一个县为例,说明林业产业结构转换对林区经济发展的影响。     

黄牛毛色位点表型遗传分化的研究

应用扩展的Ｎｅｉ·Ｍ公式对陕西境内４个黄牛群体毛色位点的表型遗传分化进行了研究。结果表明，各总群平均表型异质度与其选种水平密切相关，各总群的表型遗传分化程度与各畜群规模及分布范围有关，各总群遗传变异来源在系统内和系统间存在明显差异，部分表型遗传分化程度较高的指标可作为未来品系育种的研究对象。     

栽培密度和氮磷施肥水平对陇薯7号产量的影响

为优化陇薯7号生产栽培技术,采用二次通用旋转设计,研究了陇薯7号产量与栽培密度、施氮量及施磷量的定量关系,建立了以陇薯7号产量为目标函数的数学模型,解析了各因子对产量的主效应及互作效应。结果表明:建立的回归模型达显著水平,且拟合性较好。各栽培因子对陇薯7号产量的影响为:栽培密度>氮>磷,各因子间交互作用较大。经模拟寻优,确定了陇薯7号在甘肃中部半干旱地区产量各栽培因子优化组合方案:栽培密度为43 980～47 190株.hm-2,施氮量122.85～163.65kg.hm-2,施磷量102.00～138.90kg.hm-2。     

杂交籼稻亲本种子休眠性与F1的相关及配合力研究

 利用19个核质互作型不育系和9个恢复系,配制了109个杂交组合。花后35 d收获种子,分别检测每个杂交组合F1及其亲本种子在不剥壳和剥壳情况下的休眠指数。采用5×5 NCⅡ遗传设计配制了25个组合,利用其种子的休眠指数分析了配合力。结果表明,在不剥壳情况下,F1种子的休眠指数与双亲种子的休眠指数以及中亲值呈极显著正相关。109个组合中,82个组合超过中亲值,43个组合超过高亲值,具有明显的中亲优势。去除稃壳的双亲及F1种子的休眠指数均大幅度下降,表明稃壳对种子休眠性具有重要作用,但剥壳后双亲种子和F1种子休眠性之间的关系,仍然存在与不剥壳时相似的趋势。稃壳对种子休眠性的影响主要取决于F1的基因型,而不受控于母体稃壳本身。不育系、恢复系休眠性的一般配合力方差和组合的特殊配合力方差占总遗传方差的比例分别为59.2%、31.1%和9.7%,三者均达到极显著水平,说明基因的加性作用占主导地位。不育系Ⅱ112A 种子休眠性的一般配合力最高,D62A次之;恢复系以IR112一般配合力最高,2786次之。它们是选配强休眠杂交组合的优良亲本材料。     

12个粳稻新不育系的配合力及利用价值评价

以12个新育成的BT型粳稻不育系和8个恢复系为亲本,采用p×q不完全双列杂交(NCⅡ)设计,对其F1代13个农艺性状的配合力进行了分析。除单株穗数的特殊配合力方差不显著外,所有性状的一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均达到极显著水平。所测性状主要受亲本一般配合力的影响,主穗实粒数、结实率、单株产量和收获指数受组合特殊配合力的作用较突出。穗长、穗颈长、结实率和收获指数受不育系的影响较大,其余性状均受恢复系的影响较大。亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力是相互独立的。一般配合力和特殊配合力与杂种优势呈极显著正相关。不育系以六盐A、丹阳941A、98G26A、99 9A、香粳8016A和95122A较好,有较大的应用潜力;恢复系以C418、J16、晚161和C76较好。     

Biplot Analysis of Genotype by Environment for Cooking Quality in Hybrid Rice： A Tool for Line x Tester Data

A study of combining ability for improving rice cooking quality was carried out via genotype plus genotype x environment （GGE） biplot. Four restorer lines and three male sterile lines were used to obtain F1 in a line x tester trial at the Rice Research Institute, Amol, Iran in 2009. GGE biplot analysis showed that Neda and IR56 were the best general combiners for amylose content （AC）, whereas Nemat and IR28 had the highest general combining ability （GCA） effects for gelatinization temperature （GT）, and IR58 and IR59 showed the highest GCA effects in terms of gel consistency （GC）. Meanwhile IR58 and IR59 showed large specific combining ability （SCA） effects for AC, while Neda and SA13 had high SCA effects for GT. Nemat and IR28 had large SCA effects for GC. Because intermediate levels ofAC, GT and GC are ideal, Nemat × IR59 was considered as the best possible cross. Based on these results, the GGE biplot showed good potential for identifying suitable parents, heterotic crosses and the best hybrids in line x tester data.     

Inheritance of resistance toFusarium spp. and toPhytophthora infestans in crosses between Neotuberosum and Tuberosum potatoes estimated by seedling tests

Summary Neotuberosum clones with differing levels of resistance toFusarium coeruleum andFurarium sulphureum, and putative resistance toPhytophthora infestans, were selected and used in crosses with Tuberosum clones. The resulting progenies were assessed for their resistance to each of these pathogens and for breeders' preference. There was little correlation between disease scores for the twoFusarium species (r=0.21 and 0.34 for the Neotuberosum and hybrid clones respectively), indicating that resistance to each species is distinct. Statistical analyses revealed differences between the Neotuberosum parents and between the Tuberosum parents for all traits, but the Neotuberosum differences for late blight were not significant (P=0.10–0.05) when tested against the interaction between the two sets of parents. The interaction was significant forF. coeruleum and breeders' preference, but notF. sulphureum. No reciprocal differences were found. The only statistically significant correlation between traits for the 72 progenies was a small one (r=0.33; P=0.01–0.001) between the twoFusarium species; for all other pairs of traits r was less than 0.10. It is concluded that there are good prospects for combinding resistances to the twoFusarium species from different sources and also for achieving high levels of other desirable characteristics.     

Heterosis and combining ability analysis for resistance to early blight (Alternaria solani) in potato

Summary In an epiphytotic year of early blight, data were recorded on its incidence in 72 progenies (18 females x 4 males) and their parents planted in a randomised complete block design at the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. Combining ability analysis showed that both additive and non-additive gene action were important, with a preponderance of the latter in the inheritance of resistance to early blight. In general, progenies were as good as or better than mid-parent values. Crosses involving both or at least one parent with good general combining ability resulted in heterotic early blight resistant progenies. Promising parents and crosses were identified.