一株经鸭胚传递的鸭副黏病毒的分离鉴定及生物学特性

从表现疑似副黏病毒症状的1日龄雏鸭和死亡鸭胚中分离到1株病毒,经HA、HI和病毒中和反应鉴定为副黏病毒,命名为SDFCH株。按常规方法测得SDFCH株的生物学毒力指标MDT、ICPI和IVPI分别为56.6 h、1.78和2.59,鸭胚半数致死量LD50为10-8.5,表明SDFCH株为副黏病毒强毒株。用分离病毒对11日龄鸭胚和7日龄雏鸭攻毒,孵化出的雏鸭和攻毒的雏鸭均出现明显的剖检变化。根据GenBank中NDV F基因序列设计合成了3对引物,通过RT-PCR扩增出了鸭源Ⅰ型禽副黏病毒(APMV-1)SDFCH株的F基因。与已发表副黏病毒F基因相关序列对比结果表明:SDFCH株与鸭、鹅源副黏病毒的同源性较高,核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性均在96.4%~98.0%之间,而与Lasota株同源性较低,核苷酸和氨基酸同源性仅为84.4%和87.9%。表明该毒株相对于传统的Lasota株已经发生了较大的变异。     

促凋亡基因(Bad)在卵泡期绵羊生殖器官中的表达

以卵泡期小尾寒羊和萨福克羊为研究对象,采用免疫组织化学技术,对促凋亡基因(Bad)在生殖器官卵巢、输卵管和子宫中的表达与定位进行初步研究。结果表明,在卵巢组织中Bad基因在原始卵泡、初级卵泡和次级卵泡中呈中度着染,在三级卵泡中呈轻度着染,阳性细胞在卵泡上皮细胞和颗粒细胞中分散分布,呈轻度着染;输卵管上皮分泌细胞和部分纤毛细胞胞质中见Bad基因中等强度表达,输卵管壶腹部上皮中,Bad基因多表达于分泌细胞,纤毛细胞中有部分呈阳性且强度弱,宫管结合部、峡部和壶腹部Bad基因阳性细胞染色强度弱,均呈中度着染;子宫内膜子叶和基质中的阳性细胞数量极少,阳性细胞呈轻度着色。利用计算机图像分析技术测量小尾寒羊和萨福克羊生殖器官各组织细胞中Bad基因表达的阳性细胞率和平均光密度,结果Bad基因在这2品种绵羊组织中的表达规律大体相似,但也存在一些明显的差异:萨福克羊三级卵泡颗粒细胞Bad基因阳性细胞率显著高于小尾寒羊(P0.01);萨福克羊三级卵泡和成熟卵泡膜细胞Bad基因阳性细胞率和平均光密度均显著高于小尾寒羊(P0.01);萨福克羊子宫内膜腺体卵泡期Bad基因阳性细胞平均光密度显著高于小尾寒羊(P0.01);由此表明,小尾寒羊和萨福克羊卵泡期生殖器官中细胞凋亡的差异与Bad基因表达的差异,可能是造成两者繁殖力高低差异的基础。     

Biochemical profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) for typing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy products

The study concerns 130 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from different raw-milk dairy products (122 isolates) and human samples (eight isolates). Four different typing techniques were applied: biochemical profiles (Biolog GP), restriction fragment length polymorphism of coagulase gene (coaRFLP), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Moreover multiplex-PCR was used to study the distribution of genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins. The results of this study reveal marked genomic and phenotypic variability among the tested S. aureus. The considered techniques were all found useful for strain typing, but, based on discriminatory power as the key parameter of the typing system, MLVA and Biolog GP were found to be the most powerful techniques. The methods showed little concordance in terms of discerning the clusters of related strains.     

减毒沙门氏菌为载体传递DNA疫苗诱导对新城疫病毒的免疫保护

探讨了以减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏茵为栽体传递新城疫病毒DNA疫苗的安全性、免疫原性和可行性。将含新城疫病毒(NDV)F48E9株融合蛋白(F)基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA3-F的重组减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ZJ111株(ZJ111／pcD-NA3一F菌株)，以10^8CFU进行首免，2周后二免，三免后4周攻击强毒株F48E9，观察其安全性和免疫原性，同时设只含空载体pcDNA3的ZJ111／pcDNA3菌株对照及口服PBS对照。结果表明：重组ZJ111／pcDNA3-F菌株具有良好的安全性。对强毒株攻击的保护率达64．7％。重组ZJ111／pcDNA3-F菌株不仅能诱导雏鸡产生NDVELISA抗体，而且诱导产生的法氏囊B淋巴细胞和胸腺T淋巴细胞增殖反应显著高于ZJ111／pcDNA3时照组。这些结果提示，减毒沙门氏菌为载体不仅可直接将NDVF基因呈递给鸡体细胞进行表达，产生抗NDV的体液免疫，而且还可诱导细胞免疫应答。     

Study on Biological Characteristics and Drug Sensitivity of Haemophilus parasuis Isolated in Sichuan Province

The study was aimed to investigate the biological characsteristics and drug sensitive tests of Haemophilus parasuis isolated in Sichuan province.This paper reported the biological characteristics,16S rRNA gene PCR and drug sensitive test of the isolates by technique of microbiological and molecular biology.The results showed that the isolates had micro anaerobic and could produce satellite phenomenon,the isolates were just same in biochemical characteristics with field isolates in other area.All the isolates amplified 821 bp 16S rRNA gene.And drug sensitive tests showed that the isolates were highly sensitive to cefradine,ampicillin,cefradine,amoxicillin,cefaclor,ofloxacin,cefotaxime and furadantin,the sensitive rate was 75.61% to 87.80%,but the isolates were high resistance to lincomycin,carbenicillin,enrofloxacin,amikacin and sulfamethoxazole,and multiple-drug resistance was found among the isolates,the number of bacterial strains resistant to antibiotics were more between five and eight,the resisitance strains were 21.95% to 30.49%,7 isolates were even resistant to 13 antibiotics.The results showed the phenomenon of drug resistance of the isolates was very serious.     

Identification and Molecular Characteristics Analysis of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Variants

To ascertain a diarrhea case in a pig farm in Shandong province,the pathological changes of dead piglets were observed and nested RT-PCR test was carried out on 7 diarrhea samples for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV).Pathological examination revealed that intestine was detected as enlargement,hyperemia and edema.After histological examination,the typical microscopic lesions of intestine were disappearance of epithelial cells,villus shrinkage and shortening.The result of nested RT-PCR showed that all of the 7 samples could amplify a specific target band of PEDV.Molecular characteristics of two field strains showed that they had an amino acid homology of 92.3% to 92.4% with vaccine CV777 and 96.6% to 98.6% with other previous field strains which sequences were downloaded from GenBank.Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that all of PEDV strains could be mainly divided into two clusters of G1 and G2. G2 consisted of the field strains of our study and other field strains from USA,China and so on,which had the same sequence characteristics of two insertions and one deletion,while G1 consisted of all vaccines of CV777 and several older field strains from China and Korea.These results indicated that our field strains were the dominant strains in recent epidemic diarrhea occurrence.Moreover,its molecular characteristics might be a characterization of differentiating the field and vaccine strains.     

几丁质酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及其酶对柱花草胶孢炭疽病原菌的？…

构建了几丁质酶基因植物表达载体,该基因大大肠杆菌中能表达３５ＫＤ的蛋白质。几丁质酶粗提高在体外对柱花草胶孢炭疽病原菌有极显著的抑菌效果。     

H9亚型禽流感病毒钦州株HA基因的克隆与遗传进化

采集钦州活禽交易市场的鸡气管和泄殖腔的棉拭予样品,用H9亚型分型引物进行PCR初步筛选,阳性样品经SPF鸡胚尿囊腔接种分离病毒,通过RT-PCR方法扩增HA基因,并将其克隆到pMD—18T载体后进行序列测定和分析。结果表明,获得1株H9亚型禽流感病毒命名为：A／Chicken／Guangxi／qz40／2009（简称qz40）。测序结果表明qz40的HA基因片段全长1683bp,编码560个氨基酸;序列同源性比较结果表明,该毒株与参考毒株的核苷酸序列同源性为82．8％．99．9％,推导氨基酸同源性为87．5％．99．6％;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸顺序为RSSRIGLF,为低致病性毒株;含有7个潜在的N-糖基化位点,其中5个位于HAl部分、2个位于HA2部分;基于H9亚型HA基因的进化树分析表明,qz40株属于欧亚种系的A／Chicken／Beijing／1／94（Ck／Bei—like）群系。     

蛋氨酸缺乏对蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能、血清游离氨基酸含量和肝脏蛋氨酸代谢相关基因表达的影响

本试验旨在研究蛋氨酸缺乏对蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能、血清游离氨基酸含量和肝脏蛋氨酸代谢相关酶基因表达的影响。选取180只62周龄的海兰灰蛋鸡,根据产蛋率均匀分成3组(每组6个重复,每个重复10只):对照组饲喂蛋氨酸水平为0.33%的饲粮,蛋氨酸缺乏组分别饲喂蛋氨酸水平为0.21%和0.27%的饲粮,试验期90d。结果表明:1)饲粮蛋氨酸缺乏显著降低了蛋鸡的平均日采食量、产蛋率、平均日产蛋重、平均蛋重和不合格蛋率(P0.05),显著提高了料蛋比(P0.05)。2)蛋氨酸缺乏显著降低蛋鸡血清中蛋氨酸的含量(P0.05)。0.21%蛋氨酸组蛋鸡血清中丝氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸的含量显著高于其他2组(P0.05)。0.27%蛋氨酸组蛋鸡血清中缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和精氨酸的含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),脯氨酸的含量显著低于0.21%蛋氨酸组(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,0.21%蛋氨酸组蛋鸡肝脏中DNA甲基转移酶1、N6-甲基腺苷(m6 A)甲基转移酶3(METTL3)和m6 A甲基转移酶14的表达量显著提高(P0.05),0.27%蛋氨酸组蛋鸡肝脏中METTL3的表达量显著提高(P0.05)。4)与对照组相比,0.21%蛋氨酸组蛋鸡肝脏中甲硫氨酸腺苷转移酶1a、5-甲基四氢叶酸-同型半胱氨酸甲基转移酶(MTR)和胱硫醚-β-合成酶的表达量显著提高(P0.05),0.27%蛋氨酸组蛋鸡肝脏中MTR的表达量显著提高(P0.05)。蛋氨酸缺乏对蛋鸡肝脏甲硫氨酸腺苷高半胱氨酸酶和甜菜碱高半胱氨酸甲基转移酶的表达量无显著影响(P0.05)。由以上结果可知:蛋鸡饲粮高水平的蛋氨酸缺乏会降低蛋鸡的生产性能,可能与蛋氨酸缺乏改变蛋氨酸代谢途径,影响DNA和RNA的甲基化过程有关。     

番鸭细小病毒安徽分离株结构蛋白基因的克隆及序列分析

为研究番鸭细小病毒(MDPV)安徽分离株的遗传变异特征,通过PCR扩增获得了MDPV结构蛋白(VP)基因全长序列AH-MDPV-VP,并将该序列与GenBank中登录的12条MDPV和鹅细小病毒(GPV)VP基因序列进行比对。结果显示,AH-MDPV-VP基因全长2 199bp,包括完整的VP1、VP2和VP3蛋白编码区。MDPV与GPV的VP基因部分序列一致,但具有明显的差异。进化分析显示,MDPV安徽分离株与基因重组型MDPV上海分离株SAAS-SHNH为同一分支,亲缘关系较近。同源性分析显示二者核苷酸序列同源性最高,为99.9%,且AH-MDPV-VP与GPV毒株SHFX1201的序列同源性也有89.5%。此外安徽分离株与其他MDPV的VP1、VP2和VP3基因同源性有逐步下降的趋势,而与GPV则相反呈上升趋势。进一步显示MDPV安徽分离株与基因重组型MDPV上海分离株SAAS-SHNH相似,可能为MDPV和GPV基因重组型水禽细小病毒。