柚皮粗提物对松梢螟幼虫生物活性影响研究

通过测定柚皮粗提物对松梢螟幼虫的拒食活性、生长发育影响和毒杀活性,研究其对松梢螟幼虫的室内毒力作用.结果显示:100 mg/mL的柚皮粗提物生物毒性最强,处理24、48 h后的松梢螟幼虫的拒食率分别达到了99.28％ 、94.23％,拒食中浓度AFC50分别为7.61、9.28 mg/mL;对松梢螟四龄幼虫的生长抑制率在处理后24、48、96 h分别为96.32％ 、95.44％和93.19％,LC50分别为9.56、13.52、8.38 mg/mL;三龄幼虫、五龄幼虫的校正死亡率分别为90.00％和80.00％,与对照药剂噻虫啉的效果处于同一显著水平.柚皮粗提物对三龄幼虫毒杀作用效果优于五龄幼虫,LD50分别为18.46、25.99 mg/mL.说明柚皮粗提物对松梢螟幼虫生物活性有一定影响.     

大棚番茄连续套蒜第3年作物生产和土壤养分分析

【目的】研究大棚番茄与大蒜(青蒜)连续套种3年对作物的生物效应和土壤养分含量的影响。【方法】2010-08-2011-07,在塑料大棚内以番茄单作为对照,设番茄套作大蒜和番茄套作青蒜2个处理,在秋茬番茄行间套种大蒜或青蒜,大蒜(青蒜)生长持续到春季,此时定植春茬番茄,分析比较不同模式连续种植第3年时的作物生物效应和土壤养分含量。【结果】与番茄单作相比,套蒜处理对秋茬番茄生长和产量有一定促进作用,并能显著提高其主要品质指标,但套蒜处理对春茬番茄生长和产量有显著的竞争性抑制作用。套作大蒜和青蒜对番茄根结线虫有一定抑制作用,其防病效果在秋茬番茄上分别为54.9%和60.0%,在春茬番茄上分别为34.3%和39.4%。套蒜处理可明显提高秋茬和春茬番茄土壤碱解氮和速效磷含量,但对土壤速效钾含量影响效果不同。不同套作模式的年产值不同,套作大蒜和青蒜处理分别较番茄单作增值11.0%和11.9%。【结论】连续套蒜可消减大棚番茄根结线虫病,提高年产值。     

基于图像处理与GUI的大蒜切脐的研究

本课题采用数字图像处理技术,通过研究适合于大蒜切脐定位的专用算法,通过GUI界面编程编写出大蒜切脐软件系统,实现对切脐位置的自动、精确定位。结果表明,该程序能够很好的将大蒜根须与蒜体区分,为大蒜切脐机械化的实现提供了技术支持。     

植物生态提取业中产品生态贸易的发展趋势

近几年，中国提取物产业发展迅速，中国植物提取物出口发展势头良好，年平均增幅在20％以上，出口持续快速增长。中国植物提取物进入国际市场存在的主要问题是在国与国之间在实际法规、技术标准、认证制度和检验制度等方面的差异形成的技术贸易壁垒和环境壁垒。通过生态技术途径突破贸易壁垒是中国植物提取物生态贸易的发展趋势。     

4S-6型大蒜收获机性能参数试验与分析

对4S-6型大蒜收获机进行了田间性能试验,采用多因素多水平的正交试验设计,研究了设计参数对性能指标的影响,对试验数据进行分析,找出了影响损失率、伤蒜率等主要性能指标的主次因素及较优组合,得到了各因素水平间的差异显著性,并对生产率进行了计算,为大蒜收获机的改进设计提供了依据。     

Effects of Mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae Extracts on Fracture Healing and Anti-inflammation

This experiment was aimed to study the effects of mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae extracts on fracture healing and inflammation. Rabbit right radius fracture model was induced by dental drill in order to study the medicine's effect on fracture healing. Moreover,the contents of Ca,P and alkaline phosphatase in serum were measured to explore the influences of mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae extracts on serum biochemical indexes of fractured rabbits.RAW264.7 cell was induced by LPS in order to research the effect of medicine on inflammation. The concentrations of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and NO were measured by ELISA. The results showed that the rabbit fracture model was successfully prepared by dental drill, and the extracts of Caulis Lonicerae japonicae could increase the levels of Ca and alkaline phosphatase and reduce the P content in the serum of fractured rabbits. The TNF-α,IL-1β and NO levels in RAW264.7 cell induced by LPS were significantly inhibited by the extracts with concentrations ranging from 50 to 200 μg/mL (P<0.05). However, the extracts had no significant effect on the level of IL-6 (P>0.05). These results demonstrated that the extracts of mixed Caulis Lonicerae japonicae could promote the fracture healing and possessed good resistance inflammation effect.     

菊科植物蓬蒿提取物抑菌活性研究

以菊科蓬蒿属蓬蒿为试材,研究了水、50％乙醇和100％乙醇3种蓬蒿浸提物对灰葡萄孢菌、链格孢菌和黑根霉菌的孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响.结果表明:蓬蒿提取物对灰葡萄孢菌和黑根霉菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发具有较好的抑制作用,对链格孢菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用不明显；对于灰葡萄孢菌,蓬蒿乙醇提取物对菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用大于水提物；黑根霉表现与其相反,水提取物比乙醇提取物对菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用更明显.     

法氏囊超滤液提高仔猪日增重作用的研究

用法氏囊超滤液 (相对分子质量为 1 0 0 0以下 )以不同剂量分 2次间隔 2周免疫断乳仔猪 ,比较各试验组与对照组在日增重、料重比方面的差异。结果表明 :免疫组猪的饲料转化率、日增重显著高于对照组。此外 ,低剂量组 (1mg/头 ,2 5mg/头 )的日增重明显高于高剂量组(5mg/头 ,2 5mg/头 ) ,但料重比则明显低于高剂量组。免疫剂量为 2 5mg/头时 ,促进仔猪生长发育的效果最明显。     

蒜薹贮藏过程中噻苯咪唑残留量的测定

用乙酸乙酯超声波振荡提取蒜薹中噻苯咪唑,采用高效液相色谱法测定样品中噻笨咪唑的残留量,色谱柱为Nova-Pak C18不锈铜色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:水:0.01 mol/L 氢氧化钠溶液=70:30:0.6(体积比).最小检出限为1.1 ng,方法回收率为87.5%～92.3%,满足了农药残留分析的要求.检测结果表明,蒜薹可食部分薹梗和薹基的残留量均低于食品添加剂使用卫生标准.     

Mitochondrial genome variation in Allium ampeloprasum and its wild relatives

Limitation in mitochondrial genome diversity of leek, revealed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses with mitochondrial gene probes, prevent a cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system in elite populations. However, mitochondrial genome diversity was detected in Allium ampeloprasum L. wild accession and landraces, as well as in pearl onion. Within this plant material, nine mitotypes were distinguished and could be used in order to broaden the genetic basis of leek. A chimeric mitochondrial gene configuration is usable as a marker for the sterility inducing cytoplasms (S₁) in chives (Allium schoenoprasum L.) and in onion (Allium cepa L.) for (S) and (T) cytoplasm. This chimeric mitochondrial gene configuration is also present in the subgenus Allium, revealed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, only a faint amplicon was observed in a few accessions investigated herein, suggesting that this fragment might be present to a lesser level in mitochondrial DNA, as a sublimon.