Antifeedant and sublethal effects of imidacloprid on Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri

BACKGROUND: Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, transmits the causal bacteria of the devastating citrus disease huanglongbing (HLB). Because of the variation in spatial and temporal uptake and systemic distribution of imidacloprid applied to citrus trees and its degradation over time in citrus trees, ACP adults and nymphs are exposed to concentrations that may not cause immediate mortality but rather sublethal effects. The objective of this laboratory study was to determine the effects of sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid on ACP life stages. RESULTS: Feeding by ACP adults and nymphs on plants treated daily with a sublethal concentration (0.1 µg mL^?1) of imidacloprid significantly decreased adult longevity (8 days), fecundity (33%) and fertility (6%), as well as nymph survival (12%) and developmental rate compared with untreated controls. The magnitude of these negative effects was directly related to exposure duration and concentration. Furthermore, ACP adults that fed on citrus leaves treated systemically with lethal and sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid excreted significantly less honeydew (7–94%) compared with controls in a concentration‐dependent manner suggesting antifeedant activity of imidacloprid. CONCLUSIONS: Sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid negatively affect development, reproduction, survival and longevity of ACP, which likely contributes to population reductions over time. Also, reduced feeding by ACP adults on plants treated with sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid may potentially decrease the capacity of ACP to successfully acquire and transmit the HLB causal pathogen. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

国家种质广州甘薯圃病毒种类鉴定及分析

为明确引起国家种质广州甘薯资源圃中病毒病的病毒种类及优势种,为甘薯种质安全保存提供支持,2017年从甘薯资源圃中未脱毒更新的盆栽苗和大田苗中采集155份具有不同病毒病症状的甘薯资源样品,利用PCR和RT-PCR检测技术对这些样品进行了17种病毒的分子检测.155份样品均有病毒检出,包括甘薯羽状斑驳病毒Sweet pot...     

茭白胡麻叶斑病研究进展

综述了近年来在茭白胡麻叶斑病上的病害发生、病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性、发病规律和病害防治等方面的研究成果,论述了胡麻叶斑病的防治措施如选用抗病品种、农业防治、药剂防治、植物免疫诱导剂防治等的研究进展,总结了茭白胡麻叶斑病研究上存在的问题,并指出未来需要加强茭白胡麻叶斑病病原物种群多样性、致病力分化以及于病原菌的浸染机制及致病机理方面的研究;进一步收集、筛选与鉴定茭白抗病种质资源,培育优良的抗性品种;开展茭白胡麻叶斑病抗药性监测及抗性机理研究;筛选新型生态友好的化学农药和低毒、高效的生防菌剂。     

Tubulin expression of basal cells in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

AIM: To investigate quantitatively the tubulin expression of basal cells in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) and evaluate its significance in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: α-tubulin of basal cells was examined using LSAB immunohistochemical technique, and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by image analyzer. RESULTS: The integrated absorbance (IA, 261.43±25.21) and the average absorbance (AA, 1.89±0.14) in the AD group were significantly higher than those (IA, 120.55±19.71 and AA, 0.85±0.14, respectively) in the VD group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the α-tubulin of basal cells could be served as a extraneuronal biological marker in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease early.     

番茄青枯病抗性两个相关基因功能的初步鉴定

对抗性番茄材料‘Hawaii 7996’分别接种强致病力青枯菌（RsH）和中等致病力青枯菌（RsM）后,利用双向电泳技术找到了两个差异表达蛋白质--谷胱甘肽S转移酶L3和Remorin 1蛋白。在利用携带八氢番茄红素脱氢酶基因PDS的TRV重组病毒载体通过叶片浸润法证明VIGS体系可行后,进一步利用该技术沉默上述两个蛋白质的对应基因GST-L3和Rem-1,并用半定量RT-PCR检测沉默效果。结果表明,分别沉默GST-L3和Rem-1的番茄植株抗性减弱,在接种中等致病力青枯菌（RsM）后青枯病发病率和病情指数都明显高于对照植株,说明基因GST-L3和Rem-1与番茄对青枯病的抗性相关。     

甜瓜枯萎病拮抗内生细菌筛选研究

从长势健壮的黄瓜、南瓜和甜瓜苗的根部及茎部分离获得294株内生细菌,与枯萎尖孢镰孢菌进行对峙培养,获得具有抑茵活性细菌18株,占总茵株数的6.1%.再利用生长速率法、孢子萌发法对其进行体外生物活性检测,结果表明,H-2、H-4、H-6、N-7、T-16、T-18 等 6 个菌株的发酵滤液对枯萎镰孢菌的桔抗作用较强,但H-1与H-4对种子萌芽有强烈的抑制作用.H-5、H-6 和 N8 等菌株对甜瓜幼苗具有促生作用,对甜瓜枯萎病的防效分别为75.6%、60.1%和66.7%.H-5 菌株对甜瓜枯萎病可能具有潜在的生防功能.     

耐根肿大白菜新品种CR丰美的选育

CR丰美是以自交不亲和系CR028为母本,自交不亲和系BC001为父本配制而成的早熟耐根肿病大白菜一代杂交种.生育期55～60 d,外叶绿色,有毛,心叶黄,叶球合抱,直筒炮弹形,株高35～38 cm,株幅45～50 cm,球高25 cm,球宽13 cm,单球质量2.0～2.5 kg,产量6600 kg/677 m2.该...     

甘蔗花叶病研究进展

根据国内外的研究现状,综述了甘蔗花叶病的症状与危害、致病病毒、发病规律、病毒检测及防治措施等方面的研究进展．并提出了今后的研究方向和发展目标。     

大丽花常见病害识别及防治

本文对大丽花常见病害症状识别及发病规律进行描述，并提出了综合防治措施。     

内蒙古马铃薯黑胫病病原菌的分离和鉴定

 马铃薯是我国的第四大主粮。内蒙古是我国最大的马铃薯生产基地,马铃薯产业是当地农民收入的主要来源。2017年8月,内蒙古锡林郭勒盟部分马铃薯田块发生了一种细菌性黑胫病,发病面积约为200亩,发病率约为20%。发病初期,植株的茎基部变色、发黑,伴有臭味,严重时茎秆腐烂,植株死亡。为明确该地区马铃薯细菌性黑胫病的病原菌种类,本研究对该病原菌进行了分离,并利用生理生化测定,Biolog分析和分子生物学手段将该病原菌鉴定为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌巴西亚种(Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense)。据以往报道,我国马铃薯黑胫病主要由黑腐果胶杆菌(P. atrosepticum)和胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌胡萝卜亚种(P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum)两种病原菌引起,本研究是P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliense引起马铃薯黑胫病在国内的首次报道。