木腐菌及病死木中的真菌对松材线虫的影响

在松材线虫病的病死木分离出的真菌中,松材线虫可以在无孢菌和待鉴定的3株有孢菌上大量繁殖.在曲霉、青霉、短梗单孢霉、头孢霉的菌落上不能大量繁殖,在木霉、轮枝霉的部分菌株的菌落上也不能大量繁殖.引入了8种木腐菌,毛柄金钱菌(Flammulinavelutipes),糙皮侧耳(Pleurotusostreaus),香菇(Lentinusedodes),黑木耳(Auriculariaauricula),拟管革裥菌(Lenzitestrabea),粘褶菌(Gloeophyllumtrabeum),洁丽香菇(Lentinuslepideus),杂色云芝(Polyporusversicolor),测试了它们对松材线虫种群增长的影响.结果表明,松材线虫可在其菌落上大量繁殖的只有毛柄金钱菌,而其他真菌都对松材线虫具有一定的抑杀作用,其中在粘褶菌和糙皮侧耳菌落上松材线虫完全不能存活.     

QTL Analysis for Plant Height with Molecular Markers in Maize

Plant height has become one of important agronomic traits with the increase of planting densityrecently and the rapid developments of molecular markers have provided powerful tools to localize importantagronomic QTL at the genomic level. The purposes of this investigation are to map plant height QTL with mo-lecular markers and to analyze their genetic effects in maize. An F2:3 population from an elite combination(Zong3 × 87-1) was utilized for evaluating plant height in two locations, Wuhan and Xiangfan, with a ran-domized complete block design. The mapping population included 266 F2:3 family lines. A genetic linkagemap, containing 150 SSR and 24 RFLP markers, was constructed, spanning a total of 2 531.6 cm with an av-erage interval of 14.5 cm. Totally 10 QTL affecting plant height were mapped on six different chromosomeswith the composite interval mapping. Seven of 10 QTL were detected in two locations. The contributions tophenotypic variations for the single QTL varied between 5.3 and 17.1%. Additive, partial dominance, domi-nance, and overdominance actions existed among all detected QTL affecting plant heights. A large number ofdigenic interactions for plant height were detected by two-way analyses of variance. 107 and 98 two-locus com-binations were found to be significant at a 0.01 probability level in two locations respectively. 23 of them weresimultaneously detected in both locations. They accounted for phenotypic variations of 4.5 -11%. It was no-ticed that a locus, umc1122, had digenic interactive effects with other four different loci for plant height,which distributed on three chromosomes. A few of plant height QTL was involved in significant digenic inter-actions, but most significant interactions occurred between markers that are not adjacent to mapped QTL.These results demonstrated that epistatic interactions might play an equal importance role as the single-locuseffects in determining plant height of maize.     

吉首沙田柚少核机理研究Ⅰ.吉首沙田柚少核原因及其果实品质初探

为充分利用开发无核或少核品种，以吉首少核沙田柚为试材，经自然授粉、花粉隔离和人工杂交授粉等处理，研究了其少核原因，并对吉首少核沙田柚的果实品质进行了测定。结果表明：吉首少核沙田柚单果平均种子数2-32粒；初步认为其少核可能是由于多数幼胚中途停止发育所致；少核沙田柚果皮变薄，可食率增加。     

湖南秋色叶树种资源及其在园林造景中的利用价值

阐述了秋色叶树种在园林造景中的重要作用．首次提出秋色叶树种的入选标准．经深入调查发现，湖南省有７０多种秋色叶树种资源，并详细介绍了其中１０种利用价值较高的秋色叶树种资源．     

陕北黄土高原果树建设分区研究

根据陕北黄土高原的自然生态环境,果树生产现状和果树分区原则,将该区果树生产划分为北部神府海红果产区,毛乌素沙地酿酒、制汁葡萄产区,横山、白于山山区山杏、山桃产区,延河中下游商品苹果、梨产区,黄河沿岸优质红枣产区,中部、南部多种果树产区,洛川塬优质苹果产区7个区域,提出各区果树发展的主要方向、规模和发展措施。     

腾冲红花油茶果实主要性状变异分析

对腾冲县6个种群的腾冲红花油茶果实性状变异及性状之间的相关性进行了研究,结果发现腾冲红花油茶果实在种群间、种群内及种群内单株间均存在显著的差异,6个种群果实性状总体变异幅度最大的是单果质量(变异系数为39.01%),其次是果高(变异系数为16.98%)和果径(变异系数为14.59%),变异幅度最小的是果形指数(变异系数为14.57%);单果质量与果高、果形指数、单果鲜籽质量和果径呈极显著的线性相关关系,建立的果径(X1)、果形指数(X4)和单果鲜籽质量(X3)对单果质量的线性回归方程Y=-134.72+3.103 X1+0.47 X3+40.851 X4,可用于单果质量的早期预测.     

CPPU对苦瓜果实生长和内源激素含量的影响

以开化长白苦瓜为材料作外源CPPU处理,以研究CPPU对苦瓜果实生长和内源激素含量的影响,结果表明,10～50 mg/L CPPU在开花当天处理子房可以促进苦瓜果实的生长,使果长、横径和果重均比对照增加,其中又以20 mg/L处理效果最为明显,而100 mg/L则抑制果实的生长.HPLC分析表明,20 mg/L和100 mg/L CPPU处理均使果实内源ZT含量下降,ABA含量上升;20 mg/L处理使果实内源IAA和GA3含量明显上升,并在花后6 d达到峰值.     

葡萄一年二季结果栽培技术研究

葡萄是果树中花芽较易形成的树种之一,利用这一特性进行二次结果并在生产上运用,已成为葡萄业主进行调节产期供应,提高种植效益的一种手段。南方热量资源丰富,光照强,降温晚,采用全部落叶修剪,破眠催芽,保根保叶,达到葡萄一年二季结果即夏果与秋果。同时测定各处理间浆果大小,糖份含量,及结果枝条氮素与醣类的累积消耗、生长情形,以探讨葡萄不同产期之营养生长和生殖生长间的生理变化。     

STS和GA_3对马铃薯开花结实的影响

通过研究早期喷撒硫代硫酸银（ＳＴＳ）和赤霉素（ＧＡ_３）对马铃薯开花，杂交结实和天然结实的影响，揭示出ＳＴＳ处理能有效抑制马铃薯花和否的脱落，ＧＡ_３能促进马铃薯开花，增加花量。对于易落花落蕾的材料，ＳＴＳ和ＧＡ_３处理均能促进花、蕾发育，增加可授粉花、蕾量，保证杂交结实。对于开花性强的材料，ＳＴＳ和ＧＡ_３既有积极的方面又有消极的影响，需慎重使用。     

生长调节剂对核桃座果率及叶绿素含量的影响

试验以7年生温185核桃为材料,在雌花盛花期用不同浓度的GA3、6-BA和稀土微肥对核桃进行叶面喷施,研究了这3种生长调节剂对温185核桃座果率及叶绿素含量的影响。结果表明,除稀土微肥、GA3600 m g/L和6-BA 30 m g/L外,其余处理均能不同程度的提高核桃座果率,其中增幅最大的是6-BA 50m g/L,座果率比对照提高17.89%;各处理叶绿素含量均高于对照。