京珠高速公路从化段生态景观林13个乡土阔叶树种生长表现初探

在京珠高速公路从化段两侧生态景观林改造套种中,对2003年乡土树种造林中的枫香等6个主要造林树种进行生长分析,结果表明:各树种间高生长存在显著差异,黎蒴林木生长较好,红锥、黄樟、枫香、木荷、山杜英较差;对蓝花楹等7个伴生树种的生长分析结果表明:各树种间高生长存在着明显差异,蓝花楹生长较好,凤凰木、米老排、火力楠次之,红花油茶、大叶紫薇、大头茶较差。乡土树种与速生树种间种中的黎蒴等4个造林树种的高生长分析结果表明:黎蒴、黄樟、木荷、大头茶与卷荚相思间种的高生长明显优于与尾叶桉间种。     

黄土高原不同生态类型区退耕还林(草)综合效益评价指标体系构建研究

退耕还林(草)综合效益评价指标体系的构建是退耕还林(草)工程效应评价的一个重要环节.首先根据黄土高原地区的自然环境现状和生态类型区划原则,将黄土高原划分为4个不同的生态类型区;然后根据综合效益评价指标体系建立的原则和方法,从生态、社会经济2个层次中选取对黄土高原影响较大的28个指标因子,建立适合黄土高原地区的退耕还林(草)综合效益评价指标体系;最后根据每个生态类型区的特征和自然状况,确定不同生态区域各评价指标的权重.     

自然保护区林缘社区能源需求分析与研究——以甘肃白水江国家级自然保护区为例

本文以白水江自然保护区林缘社区居民能源需求调查为依据,初步说明了林缘社区能源需求的现状。在此基础上,分析了当地居民对森林的依赖程度,进而对这种高依赖度的成因及对自然保护区生态环境的影响做出了有益的探讨,并提出了相应的建议和对策。     

森林消防头盔的人机工程学分析

森林消防头盔的人机工程学设计与其安全性能紧密相关,为了提高森林消防头盔的安全性能,对国内应用广泛的3款消防头盔产品,从外形结构、材料、安全、舒适性等方面进行了性能评价.并根据消防员的使用情况进行数据分析,提出了使用悬挂系统、安装高度调节器、使用外设旋钮的可调式护目镜、分解使用头盔、护目镜、面罩等设计建议,为今后的森林消...     

提升公益林生态保护功能质量的技术措施

针对微州区生态公益林现状,提出提升生态公益林生态保护功能质量的培育改造技术措施,除提高生态效益外,最大程度地实现其社会效益和经济效益。     

政策性森林保险开展的现状·问题及对策研究——以江西吉安市为例

以江西省吉安市为例,阐述了该市政策性森林保险开展的基本情况和特点,并分析了当前存在的主要问题,即森林保险宣传力度不够,林农保险意识低下,森林保险有效需求不足,森林保险技术人才匮乏,经营成本较高,各部门之间的协调配合不到位。针对这些不足与问题,提出了推动吉安市政策性森林保险发展的对策建议。     

大通白桦林改造措施及成效分析

大通县白桦低效林在白桦林分中占29%,在乔木林中占10.6%,且有逐年增加的趋势。通过对大通县老爷山公园后山白桦更新造林措施、成效分析,提出白桦林改造的较好途径。     

The effect of lime levels on the growth of beans and maize and nodulation of beans in three tropical acid soils

Abstract

A study to investigate the effect of lime on dry matter yield of maize (Zea mays) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and nodulation of beans grown in three tropical acid soils (two humic Nitosols and one humic Andosol) was carried out in a greenhouse. The soils ranged from 4.2 to 5.0 in pH; 1.74 to 4.56 in %C; 21.0 to 32.0 meq/100g in CEC; 5.10 to 8.10 meq/100g in exchange acidity; 0.60 to 3.20 meq/100g in exchangeable (exch.) Al and 0.13 to 0.67 meq/ 100g in exch. Mn.

Exchange acidity and exch. Al decreased with increasing levels of lime in the three soils. Exchangeable Al was reduced to virtually zero at pH 5.5 even in the soils which had appreciable initial amounts. Exchangeable Mn also decreased with increasing levels of lime in the two Nitolsos. Exceptional results, however, were obtained with the Andosol where exch. Mn increased ten‐fold with the first level of lime and then decreased with subsequent levels.

In all the soils, mean dry matter yield of beans and maize, and mean nodule dry weight of beans generally increased significantly with increasing lime levels up to pH value of 6.0. The dry matter yield of beans and maize, and nodule weight of beans, however, decreased progressively with increasing lime levels beyond pH 6.0 value. pH range of 5.5 to 6.0 was considered optimum for the growth of maize and beans, and nodulation of beans in these soils.     

青海省林木种苗生产现状、技术措施对策

阐述目前林木种苗生产、经营监督力度不够,种苗市场混乱,生产管理粗放,科技含量不高等主要问题。     

Phosphate adsorption by soils 1. Influence of time and ionic environment on phosphate adsorption

Abstract

The influence of reaction time and ionic environments, on phosphate adsorption were studied using one calcareous soil from India, and one calcareous and two latosols from Hawaii.

Phosphorus adsorption by soils has a initial rapid phase followed by a slow process. For plant nutrition studies, where emphasis is on P concentration of solutions from which plants derive P, isotherms should be constructed using data obtained after near‐equilibration has been attained. This condition does not obtain in a few hours and may require 6 days or more.

Calcium chloride as suspending electrolyte always gave lower phosphate solubility than when KC1 was used as electrolyte. Phosphate retention increased with increasing ionic strength. The necessity for obtaining clear supernatant solutions and the desirability for maintaining reasonable constant equilibrium conditions make 0.01 M CaCl₂ a reasonable choice for constructing P sorption isotherms, even though 0.01 M CaCl₂ is not representative of Ca concentrations in many soil solutions. Saturation extracts of soils investigated here were in the range 0.0002 to 0.005 M Ca.

Adsorption of calcium by highly weathered soils was high suggesting specific adsorption. Calcium adsorption was increased by phosphate additions to a Hydrandept.