基于林分状态特征的森林经营试验样地设计新方法

传统田间试验设计方法如顺序设计、拉丁方设计以及随机区组设计方法在很大程度上考虑了林分立地、土壤或肥力等方面的差异,但没有关注立地之上的"试验对象即林分"的状态差异,加上其有限的随机过程和缺失量化的目标函数等缺陷,从而谈不上是优化的试验设计,无法保证试验开始前处理间林分状态特征的一致性。本文提出了一种全新的森林经营田间试验优化设计方法——基于林分状态特征的完全随机优化设计,并将其应用于甘肃小陇山锐齿栎天然林的森林经营田间试验设计中。基于林分状态特征的完全随机优化设计得到小区排列方案,其处理间林分状态特征参数的差异均小于5%,优于传统田间试验设计方法,能确保试验林分状态的一致性。利用R语言实现该优化设计并使其可以在计算机上自动得到最佳的小区排列方案,提高了森林经营田间试验的精度,为科学试验的开展奠定了坚实的理论基础。     

Determinants of equity-based entry mode choice in the forest sector: the case of China

The focus of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the global forest sector has shifted from developed to developing economies (currently accounting 73% of total) during the past two decades. China has been the main global driver with its annual FDI soaring from USD 130 million in 2002 to USD 550 million in 2010. In light of international economic and business theories, choice of foreign entry mode is considered the most critical issue in corporate expansion strategy, which, however, has not been empirically studied in the forest sector. To fill this gap, our paper focuses on modeling two equity-based entry mode choices (i.e. wholly owned subsidiary or joint ventures) of foreign investment projects in China based on data from 109 activities of the Top 100 forest, paper, and packaging industry companies. By using logistic modeling, the main determinants of corporate entry mode choice are found to be cultural and geographical distance between the corporate home country and China, duration of corporate presence in China, and spatial concentration of local-level forest industry. Instead, investment project size and local resource availability are found to have no significant impact on corporate entry mode choice in China.     

商品林产业化中的引资定位及风险分析

分析了我国商品林产业化中的引资定位及我国林业引资的比较优势,指出了我国商品林产业化中存在外资短期利益追逐、人工纯林多、项目贷款利率、利用国内资金和地区林业外资失调等风险,提出了制定优惠政策,积极引进先进林业技术,加大对先进技术的吸收,规范对外资投资的管理,出台林业贷款监控政策和鼓励林业间作种植的林业引资对策。     

基于C语言的结构用集成材木梁抗弯刚度模型研究

基于平行轴定理,采用变换截面法建立结构用集成材木梁的抗弯刚度C语言可执行程序模型,并通过足尺木梁的抗弯力学性能试验验证模型的有效性。本试验根据木材抗弯弹性模量测定方法国家标准（GB/T 1936.2—2009）中的相关要求,测定层板木材的抗弯弹性模量并将其导入C语言程序模型,得到梁体抗弯刚度的模型理论值。依据结构用集成材国家标准（GB/T 26899—2011）对木梁进行四点抗弯测试并实时采集梁体跨中挠度、荷载数据,得到梁体抗弯刚度的实测值。对比梁体抗弯刚度的模型理论值与实测值,得出其平均相对误差率为3.89%。结构用集成材木梁抗弯刚度模型的建立应充分考虑梁体自身的构造缺陷,以综合层板的力学性能变异性及尺寸效应等影响因素,合理引入修正系数,提高模型的准确度与适用性。     

高等农业院校青年教师教学科研能力培养途径的探讨

教学与科研是高等农业院校青年教师的两个工作重点,做到教学与科研双赢已成为每个青年教师面临的重要挑战。通过分析目前高等农业院校青年教师教学和科研现状,就如何提高其教学科研能力,以及课堂教学的整体水平的途径、方法、策略等进行了探讨,以适应社会发展对高素质创新人才的要求。     

Rhabdomyosarcoma associated with the lead wire of a pacemaker generator implant

An 11‐year‐old female spayed Labrador Retriever was presented for a draining, painful subcutaneous mass palpated over a previously implanted pacemaker generator. Infection was suspected and the mass was removed surgically. On cut surface, the mass was friable and mottled tan to brown with firm pale tan nodules, surrounding the pacemaker lead wire adjacent to the pacemaker generator. Cytologic interpretation of impression smears was consistent with a sarcoma, and suggestive of a rhabdomyosarcoma due to the presence of strap‐like cells. On histopathologic examination, a highly invasive nodular mass surrounded the pacemaker lead, composed of pleomorphic round, spindle and strap cells, and multinucleated giant cells. The population exhibited microscopic invasion into the deep portion of the fibrous capsule surrounding the pacemaker generator. There were tumor emboli within small to medium subcutaneous veins adjacent to the mass. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells stained positive for α‐sarcomeric actin and vimentin, and negative for α‐smooth muscle actin, consistent with a rhabdomyosarcoma arising at the site of the pacemaker generator. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a rhabdomyosarcoma associated with the lead wire of a pacemaker generator in a dog.     

取法自然：纳西东巴文美学风格分析

东巴文承载了纳西族古老的美学传统,其文化精神契合于中国传统美学的意境体悟和生命意识.纳西先民以“林泉之心”直接观照自然,继而创造出具有和造化自然一样性质的审美意象,亦即所谓的“同自然之妙有”;同时把任自然的生活形态与精神境界都铸化在这种文字之中,体现了纳西东巴文与自然的亲密关系,而取法自然正是东巴文以主体之心体悟自然生命的结果,也是其最重要的美学风格.     

福建省对外贸易与就业协调关系研究

在分析福建省对外贸易与就业现状的基础上,通过建立多元回归模型,利用1996—2010年的年度数据,检验了对外贸易与就业之间的关系。实证分析结果表明,福建省一般出口货物贸易和加工贸易能够显著拉动就业增长,一般进口货物贸易和外商作为投资进口的物资和设备对就业增长的影响较弱,而加工贸易进口将抑制就业的增加。据此对完善福建省对外贸易与就业关系提出相关建议。     

国内外婴幼儿配方乳粉标示值与实际含量的比较分析

为了解乳粉标签上的信息是否与其内在质量相符,本文对国外品牌和国内品牌的婴幼儿配方乳粉进行了标示值与实际含量的比较分析。结果表明,国外与国内婴幼儿配方乳粉的样品合格率基本持平,品牌合格率则国内婴幼儿配方乳粉较高;主要问题均为维生素指标和矿物质指标的实际含量与标示值不符。此问题应引起国内外乳粉生产企业的重视。