Chemical composition and in sacco dry matter degradability of residue and by-products of palm fruit processing in the rumen of steers

The nutritive value of residue (palm calyx leaves (PCL)) and by-products (palm press fiber (PPF) and palm oil sludge (POS)) of palm fruit processing were studied through analysis of their chemical components and degradability of their dry matter (DM) in the rumen of steers. Chemical analysis showed that the materials have similar organic matter components (mean = 95.2%), while crude protein (CP, g/100 g) and metabolisable energy (ME, MJ/kg DM) were highest in POS (10.02 and 9.43), followed by PPF (7.02 and 8.61) and least in PCL (5.42 and 8.04). An opposite trend of CP and ME was noticed in NDF and ADF contents, being 61.53 and 49.11% in PCL, 44.84 and 32.08% in PPF and 25.35 and 20.29% in POS. Mineral contents showed that PPF and POS had the lowest and highest concentration, respectively, of Mg (0.07 vs. 0.11%), Cu (58.5 vs. 143.9 mg/kg) and Fe (1374.5 vs. 4086.0 mg/kg). Dry matter degradation characteristics and effective degradability varied significantly ( P  < 0.05) and were consistently highest in POS and least in PCL. Results have generally shown that the residue and by-products could be ranked for their potential feeding value as POS > PPF > PCL. It is concluded that POS and PPF can be harnessed directly as feed resources for ruminant animals, while PCL will require some treatments to enhance its nutritive value in ruminants.     

3种生长调节物质对生菜不定芽直接再生的影响

应用“３１１－Ｂ”回归最优设计研究ＡｇＮＯ３，ＡＢＡ，ＡＳＡ对生菜离体培养不定芽直接再生的影响。结果表明，ＡｇＮＯ３是良好的乙烯抑制剂，与ＡＢＡ配合使用可明显抑制愈伤产生，大大促进不定芽的直接再生；而ＡＳＡ未曾抑制愈伤产生，不是乙烯抑制剂。     

实现农村信息化的理论与实证分析

笔者在对我国实现农村信息化的理论及必要性阐述的基础上，以四川省为背景，对农村广泛应用信息技术进行了实证分析。     

云南山地民族刀耕火种生态学定位与山地森林资源可持续利用

通过对云南省永仁县直苴村刀耕火种农业的景观生态学研究，发现在一个相当长的时期内，正是刀耕火种使山地民族社区人和森林都实现了自身的可持续发展，并同时实现了二者的和谐发展，但随着人口、资源和环境的变化，刀耕火种存在的条件不断消失，刀耕火种也必然消失，这说明任何一种物质生产方式都有其时空尺度的局限性，都必须以一定的环境条件和资源条件为基础，以区域内生态系统的健康、持续性发展为前提，     

朱砂根穴盆苗育苗及移植技术研究

朱砂根苗木生产是朱砂根产业化的基础,通过选择不同类型的穴盆进行育苗试验,比较不同类型穴盆育苗对朱砂根出苗率、存活率、苗木叶片的影响;通过对穴盆苗不同时期的移植试验,选择穴盆苗最佳移植时间。     

Influence of in ovo inoculation with various nutrients and egg size on broiler performance

This study evaluated the influence of inoculation of different nutrients into eggs of 18-d-old broiler embryos. On d 18 of incubation, before transferring, eggs were injected with a solution containing either maltose, a multivitamin supplement, zinc-glycine, glutamine, a mixture containing all these elements, or sodium chloride (control). After hatching, 2,400 male broiler chicks were placed in an experimental broiler house and distributed into 60 floor pens in a completely randomized design comprising a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement of treatments (2 egg weights × 6 solutions), for a total of 12 treatments. Birds and feed consumption were measured weekly. At 42 d of age, 3 birds per replicate pen were randomly selected for processing. Birds derived from heavier eggs had greater hatchability and hatching weight. At 42 d of age, birds from heavier eggs had higher BW, carcass weight, and breast meat weight. The livability of birds derived from heavy eggs was higher at 7 and 14 d of age. The in ovo inoculation of the nutrients to 18-d-old embryos did not influence live performance or carcass traits. The technique of in ovo inoculation of certain nutrients may be used in industrial poultry production, but further studies are required to define the best solutions or mixture of nutrients to be used.     

汉英双语教学初探

双语教学是对目前教学内容和形式的一种改革尝试，本文作者通过近几年来的教学实践论述了双语教学的必要性、可行性和实践性，提出了提高学生英语水平、培养高素质法学英语人才的有益建议。     

提高北方寒地冬小麦越冬率机制初探

在黑龙江省北纬Ｎ４６～４８°区域试种冬小麦，五年试验表明，以高越冬率为指标，分蘖节处于可溶性糖等光合产物峰值区的分蘖盛期，为抗寒的最佳状态，分蘖盛期分蘖节可溶性糖含量的高低，亦可为品种抗寒性选择的评价尺度。由于根前区对低温比分蘖节更为敏感，使冬小麦根前区位于温度和对稳定的３０ｃｍ地层以下，应是采取适当栽培的调控措施的目的。     

在林权登记中利用Excel数据批量制作Word文档技巧

在集体林权制度改革中,为了提高《林权登记申请表》制作效率和质量,探索出利用Word＂邮件合并＂功能引用已有的Excel林权登记数据批量制作文档的方法,可以加快工作速度,提高工作质量。这种方法可广泛应用于利用Excel数据批量制作统一格式Word文档的工作。