浅论花境景观的设计框架与配置案例

花境是近年来应用于我国大中城市公共绿地的花卉布置新形式,具有广阔的发展前景。该文在阐述花境内涵的基础上,明确了花境景观设计的原则,并探讨了花境设计在立面、平面、色彩、季相、背景等方面的具体要求,以及花境的生物多样性和景观持续性问题。     

基于改进YOLOv8-Seg的苹果单枝条花序疏除方法

针对苹果疏花作业中无法自动识别枝干以及缺乏花序疏除方法,该研究提出了一种适用于现代果园的苹果树单枝条花序疏除方法。首先,对YOLOv8-Seg模型进行改进：在Backbone部分添加GCT（gaussian context transformer,GCT）模块,通过引入全局上下文信息和调整通道的重要性,提高模型对遮挡目标的分割性能;在对应3个检测头的Neck部分的C2f模块内部增加EMA（efficient multi-scale attention,EMA）机制,通过并行子网结构和跨空间信息聚合更好地关注多尺度特征。其次,使用改进YOLOv8-Seg模型对单枝条中的花苞、花序、开放花朵和花枝四类目标进行实例分割。最后,基于分割结果应用多项式拟合曲线表征花枝,并计算花序间距离实现花序疏除。结果表明,改进的YOLOv8s-Seg模型在自建数据集mask水平的精确率、召回率和mAP分别达到了89.9%、89.5%和91%,比原模型分别提升了6.5、4.1和5.8个百分点。与主流分割模型Mask R-CNN,YOLACT,SOLOv2进行对比,mask水平的mAP分别高出10.8、12.3和9.1个百分点。花序疏除决策结果与人工决策结果对比误差不超过10%。该方法可应用于单枝条水平上的花序疏除任务,为苹果智能疏花提供技术支持。     

ORIGINS MATTER: (NO) MARKET INTEGRATION BETWEEN CULTURED AND WILD GILTHEAD SEA BREAM IN THE SPANISH SEAFOOD MARKET

Interactions between fisheries and aquaculture have become a major issue that is still insufficiently studied. Therefore, the objective of this article is to test whether the cultured and wild gilthead sea bream in the Spanish seafood markets are integrated. By using the Johansen methodology, cointegration of the price series of farmed and wild gilthead sea bream was tested. In contrast to previous studies, our econometric results show that wild and the farmed gilthead sea bream form two heterogeneous products in the Spanish market. These new results question the generalization currently accepted by the scientific literature that farmed and wild fish are substitutes when they belong to the same species. The binomial product-market, along with some specific features of the Spanish market, such as the negative perceptions of aquaculture by some significant groups of consumers, appeared to have a great explanatory power for justifying these different results.     

3个桂花品种生长、花量及光合作用的年周期变化

对柳叶桂、山桂、四季桂3个品种枝条的生长、花量、叶片水分状况、叶绿素含量和光合作用等的年周期变化进行了测定。结果表明:3个品种的总生长量和鲜花产量差异显著,总生长量为柳叶桂>山桂>四季桂,而全年鲜花产量为柳叶桂>四季桂>山桂。在年周期变化中,叶片组织水和自由水含量不断减少,束缚水含量不断升高。叶绿素含量呈先上升后下降的趋势,8月份的含量最高。4、6、8、10四个月光合作用的日变化呈双峰曲线,其中4月的峰值出现在12:00和16:00左右,其它3个月出现在10:00和16:00左右,第1峰值均比第2峰值高;12月份为单峰曲线,峰值出现在14:00左右。Pn随光合有效辐射增加而增加,但光合有效辐射增加到1 600～1 800μmol/(m2.s)时,Pn增加不显著。随着温度的升高,Pn呈先上升后下降的趋势,在28℃时Pn达到最大值。最大光化学效率日变化呈单峰曲线,但呈现先下降后上升趋势。     

梅花‘南京红须’花色色素花色苷的分离与结构鉴定

梅花‘南京红须'花色色素的2种主要花色苷可用甲醇-乙酸-水(10:1:9)提取,再用纸层析和柱层析纯化.特征性颜色反应、薄层层析、纸层析、紫外-可见光谱、高效液相色谱、气相色谱、核磁共振谱和快原子轰击质谱分析表明:2种花色苷分别是花青素-3-氧-(6"-氧-α-吡喃型鼠李糖基-β-吡喃型葡萄糖)苷和花青素-3-氧-(6"-氧-没食子酰-3"-氧-β-吡喃型葡萄糖基-β-吡喃型葡萄糖)苷.花青苷除决定‘南京红须’的紫红花色外,还可能强化‘南京红须’在寒冷环境中的生存能力.     

中国森林碳汇交易市场现状与潜力

概述国内外森林碳汇交易市场现状,分析中国森林生态交易市场的潜力和存在的问题.结果表明:国际森林碳汇交易市场发展迅速,而中国森林碳汇交易市场起步较晚,森林碳汇交易市场还处在建立和发展阶段,但具有较大的潜力,并且中国社会政治稳定是森林碳汇交易顺利进行的保证,森林发展空间大,森林固碳能力增长潜力大,开展森林碳汇项目具有许多优势.建议增强公众意识,加强对非政府组织的规范管理,做好供应方权益保障,降低交易成本,促进中国碳汇交易市场的发展.     

我国农产品物流及保障平台的建设

就农产品物流的概念和意义、我国农产品物流的特点和现状、先进国家农产品物流经验的借鉴以及加速我国农产品物流保障平台的建设等方面进行了阐述.     

Heritability of thrips resistance in the ‘IPA-3’ onion cultivar in South Texas

A two season study was conducted to compare the onion cultivars TG1015Y and IPA-3 for resistance to thrips in South Texas. Narrow and broad sense heritabilities were estimated from populations developed from the cross, ‘IPA-3’ × ‘TG1015Y’. Parents, F1, F2, and the respective backcross populations were evaluated for thrips numbers at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Weslaco, TX. ‘IPA-3’ had significantly fewer thrips than ‘TG1015Y’ in both seasons. Yield was significantly different only in the 1996–97 season. The heritability of thrips resistance in this study was very low. Depending on the methods of estimation h ² was 5.3% and 4.0%, and H ² was 4.1% and 8.0%. These results suggest that greater genetic gains for thrips resistance in onion can be achieved by selection on a family basis rather than using single plant selection. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

成品保鲜剂对芍药切花保鲜效果的影响

[目的]研究不同成品保鲜剂及其组合对切花芍药瓶插保鲜效果的影响.[方法]选取进口芍药'珊瑚魅力'为试材,选择2种成品保鲜剂及其组合对切花芍药进行处理,调查瓶插期间切花芍药的瓶插寿命、花朵直径和花朵开放进程等指标.[结果]保鲜剂组合(可利鲜:花之寿=1:1)处理的效果最好,瓶插期比对照CK增加3 d.保鲜剂可利鲜对芍药切...     

城市土地市场对房价的时空影响研究——基于南京与广州的比较分析

笔者采用时差相关性测算转轨时期南京与广州土地市场中特定因素对区域内房价的时效影响作用,并通过比较分析得到以下结论:地价和土地供应基本与房价相同步,而土地出让金与政策法律法规则是近阶段房价上涨的重要原因。最后,从土地市场与房地产价格方面提出了相应的政策建议。