河北省葡萄酒加工环节科技创新关键点分析

为探索河北省葡萄酒科技创新的方向,对葡萄酒加工8个环节的科技创新进行了分析,发现河北省葡萄酒生产由于技术创新的滞后,致使葡萄酒生产辅料及加工设备的进口依赖性过强。在此基础上,结合葡萄酒加工科技方面最新的发展趋势,提出河北省应该在葡萄原料、葡萄酒加工和葡萄酒包装方面进行科技创新,并绘制出了葡萄酒加工业科技创新关键技术路线图,以期为行业发展提供科学参考和决策依据。     

农产品供应链绩效评价研究

从供应链节点企业绩效水平、供应链合作绩效水平、供应链运作水平和供应链绿色水平4个方面,分析了评价农产品供应链绩效应考虑的主要因素,建立了农产品供应链绩效评价指标体系,并进一步给出基于随机模拟的农产品供应链绩效评价的模型和算法。最后通过实例分析,验证了该方法的有效性和实用性。     

Numerical Simulation on Whole Construction Process of High-Rise CFST Structures

The time-changing analysis model for concrete filled steel tubes was established based on the time-changing concrete model of CEB-FIP MC90, in which the interaction between steel tube and concrete core was considered by the restraint conditions of master and slave nodes. The numerical simulation method was developed for analyzing the whole construction process of high-rise CFST structures. A real structure was taken as numerical example, in which the influence of concrete creep and shrinkage as well as construction process was considered. The results of numerical simulation are compared with those obtained from on-site monitoring. It is shown that the concrete creep and shrinkage as well as construction process have big influence on high-rise CFST structures, which should be taken into account in designs and constructions.     

Modeling and simulation of the upper limb artery system using three section electric network model

A three section electric network model is built for human upper limb arterial system according to the Windkessel model. Blood pressure waveform of brachial artery is inputted into the electric network model. The state space equations of the electric network model are refined by using the state space analysis and solved numerically by the fourth order Runge Kutta method to obtain the blood pressure and flow waveform of radial artery. Effects of changes of the electric network model’s parameters on the blood pressure and flow waveform are also analyzed in normal and different pathological conditions(arteriosc lerosis and hypertension). The results of simulation show that the parameters of the model can well reflect the physiological significations of the upper limb arterial system; the analytic and computational methods are of fairly high precision and fast convergence for the model; and the model can simulate effectively the hemodynamic characteristics of upper limb arteries under normal and different pathological conditions.     

Numerical simulation of influence for the process parameters on multi-roll flexible stretch forming

Multi-roll stretch forming (MRSF) process is a new flexible process. Through extensive numerical simulations of the MRSF process, it is found that the smaller the distance between die and rollers is, the more easily the shape can be formed, and the better the quality of formed part can be. However, the distance between clamps and rollers has little effect on the formed parts. The corresponding stretch forming experiment has been done and the results show that the simulation trend is consistent with the experimental results.     

畜禽保种群体遗传多样性的模拟

 【目的】基于微卫星标记特点,采用计算机模拟技术,探讨畜禽保种群遗传多样性的变化过程。【方法】选择30个均匀分布于基因组、具有4—10个等位基因的标记位点,位点间无相互作用;模拟产生的畜禽保种群公母比例为1﹕5、随机交配、各家系随机等量留种、群体规模保持世代恒定,世代间无重叠,群体有效大小分别为Ne=10、20、50、100和200,保种繁殖50个世代,1 000次重复。采用多态性位点数（num-p）、平均等位基因数（Na）、有效等位基因数（Ae）、观测基因杂合度（Ho）、期望杂合度（He）、稀有等位基因数（RA）、缺乏丰富位点数（NRP）作为遗传多样性度量指标。【结果】保种群体的遗传多样性总体趋势随保种世代而逐渐降低,不同群体规模遗传多样性的降低速度差异显著,相比基础群,Ne值越大,num-p、Na、Ae、Ho、He和 RA的下降速率越慢,且当Ne=100和200时,num-p基本维持50个世代不变,RA则分别增加0.86%和2.49倍;而Ne值越大,NRP的增加速率越慢。【结论】遗传漂变导致了群体内遗传多样性的丢失。小群体中遗传漂变导致的遗传多样性丢失速度比大群体更高,发生在闭锁群体水平上的有效群体规模的减少将加快基因漂变速度,从而降低保种群体内的遗传多样性。     

河南构树两个彩叶新品种及其繁育技术

描述了‘斑叶’构树和‘金叶’构树2个河南构树新品种的形态特征,均为构树芽变,经多代嫁接鉴定彩叶性状遗传稳定。新品种‘斑叶’构树的独特特征为:叶片1/3～2/3,稀全叶为淡黄色或黄白色,与构树原品种相区别。‘金叶’构树的独特特征为:枝、叶,全为淡黄色或黄白色,而与构树原品种相区别。同时,介绍了2个新品种的繁育技术要点及其优良特性。     

LDSO: a program to simulate pedigrees and molecular information under various evolutionary forces

Simulations are a major tool to evaluate new statistical methods and optimize experimental designs in the genomic era. However, this can only be achieved when the simulations are close enough to reality, as well as diverse enough to be realistic. For mapping studies, it is thus critical to re-create as much as possible the forces generating linkage (mutation, random drift, changes in population sizes, selection and pedigree structure) and the mechanisms producing trait genetic architecture (additivity, dominance, epistasis). We present here a computer program (ldso) simulating these phenomena. Optional outputs provide statistics on the linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure and the identity by descent between chromosomal segments, facilitating further data analyses. Furthermore, ldso enables the simulation of genomic data in known pedigrees, which sticks as precisely as possible to recent population history and structures of the long-range LD, allowing optimization of fine-mapping strategies.     

Adaptive tree bucking using group-guiding of harvesters: A simulation approach

Abstract

The objective of this study was to test harvester group-guiding methods by comparing how the total log output distribution of independent harvesters differs from the total log output distribution of group-guided harvesters. In this simulation study four harvesters worked in their own stands in the same region for an identical target, given by a sawmill. Group-guiding was done by utilizing other harvesters’ bucking outcomes to fulfil the target log distribution better. Harvesters were combined to form a group in an adapting phase where a new price list was formed. For group-guiding, four different price list adapting methods were developed. There were five different simulations: four with adaptation and one reference simulation without adaptation. Apportionment degree and log/pulpwood proportions were calculated to compare the difference between the methods and reference simulation. With group-guiding, by adapting the price list harvesters reached the target distribution better than working independently. The best group-guiding method fulfilled the target distribution almost 9% better than independently working harvesters. However, the pulpwood proportion increased as a result of using the group-guided method.     

Stochastic simulation of forest fuel sourcing models under risk

Abstract

Climate change effects such as storms and droughts are leading to increased risk of forest damage in central Europe. The aim of this paper was to evaluate forest fuel sourcing models including climate change-induced risks on forest fuel supply. Stochastic risk events, such as storms and bark beetle infestations, were modelled by means of a Monte Carlo simulation, and the economic performance was evaluated for two fuel-sourcing models supplying a single combined heat and power plant (CHP). The first sourcing model depicted a common sourcing model for Austrian CHPs, where only forest chips provided by long- and short-term suppliers were stored. The second sourcing model additionally enabled the storage of salvaged pulpwood to supply forest fuel from the plant's own inventory during shortage periods. Simulation results showed that storing salvage pulpwood as feedstock considerably reduced supply chain risks and resulted in lower procurement costs (1–3% less than normal delivered cost without storing salvaged pulpwood).