近50年来中亚五国城市化发展特征研究

利用标准差指数、变异系数、城市化综合指标、城市的扩展程度等指标对中亚五国城市化发展特征进行研究。结果表明:中亚五国的城市化发展速度和整体水平存在较大差异,城市化发展水平不平衡的特征较明显。城市化水平相对差距由1960年的5.46上升到2009年的12.28,绝对差距由0.15上升到0.3,城市化水平相对差距和绝对差距都表现出总体上升的趋势。而城市化发展阶段也较为落后,目前基本上处于城市化的中期阶段。运用RS与GIS技术,以中亚五国首都城市为代表,研究其城市的扩展强度、扩展速度及城市形状紧凑度,结果显示其城市形状、结构的松散程度较为稳定,说明其城市发展强度不大,速度也是较慢的。     

Development,nutritive content and shelf life of home processed supplementary foods

Four low cost supplements containing whole wheat, pearl millet, bengal gram, green gram grain and amaranth leaves employing roasting and malting methods were developed. Nutritional evaluation showed that chemical composition of developed supplements was within the range prescribed for processed supplements and could meet satisfactorily one third requirements of protein, energy, iron and calcium for young children. Developed supplements were stored in three packings, polythene bags, tins with lids, glass bottle with lids (each 1 kg capacity, under ambient temperature (24–32°C) and RH (70–80%) for a period of 30 days and analysed for moisture, peroxide value, fat acidity and alcoholic acidity. Stored samples were also evaluated organoleptically. The values of moisture, peroxide value, fat acidity and alcoholic acidity of stored samples were within the range of prescribed specifications for processed supplements. Storage of supplements for 30 days resulted in non-significant changes in organoleptic traits except for taste and aroma of bajra based supplements on 20th and 30th day of storage. In spite of these variations, all the supplements were found to be acceptable till 30th day of storage.     

多功能自动标签机机构设计与优化

标签机是目前工业贴标应用最广泛的机器,其自动贴标签机贴标的效率与质量,较人工有着无法比拟的优势,所以对其设计和优化有着重大的工业革命性意义。本课题就现有的自动标签机的出标机构,传送机构等机构进行了优化,如何实现自动标签机的不间歇运动和多功能贴标等功能做出了论述。     

基于果实相关性状的桃品种初级核心种质取样策略研究

以国家种质资源圃(北京)编目的558份桃品种的18个形态学和农艺学性状为基本数据,研究了桃品种初级核心种质构建的取样策略,包括总体取样比例的确定及取样方案的选择,以获得最佳的初级核心种质。本试验共设10%～90%9个总体取样比例;取样方案研究包括分组原则和组内取样比例的确定。结果表明,桃初级核心种质的适宜总体取样比例为10%;按品种类群分组结合多样性比例取样为构建桃初级核心种质的最佳取样方案;利用此取样策略从558份桃品种中提取56份作为核心样本,对其代表性进行检测表明所构建的初级核心种质能够很好地代表桃原始种质的遗传多样性。     

基于PBL教学理念的生药学教学实践与思考

生药学是一门专业基础课,涉及知识点多,学生理解记忆困难。笔者针对生药学的学科特点和教学不足,在课堂教学中引入以问题为基础的PBL教学理念,从课前准备到课堂教学,引导学生自主学习。通过对学生的问卷调查结果和考试成绩分析,表明在生药学教学中运用PBL教学法,能有效提高教学质量,培养学生的专业学习兴趣。     

岩石边坡植被护坡研究中的关键问题

近年来,岩石边坡植被护坡技术在理论、方法与应用诸方面取得了长足的发展。作为一门多学科交叉的工程应用技术,岩石边坡植被护坡是一项复杂的系统工程,其发展面临着许多新的问题和新的挑战。基于岩石边坡植被护坡研究现状,结合岩土工程学、恢复生态学及景观生态学中的基本原理,本文从工程原理与实践两方面提出岩石边坡植被护坡研究中的关键问题,以促进该技术途径的发展与完善。     

THE EXISTENCE OF APPROXIMATE EXTREME POIKTS OF CONSTRAINED OPTIMIZATION

According to the theories o?Riemannian manifolds and variational principles, two theorems about the existence of approximate extreme point of constrained optimization are given in this paper.     

论期刊采购工作应遵循的原则

论述了期刊采选应遵循的几个原则。     

A concept in adaptive ecosystem management—An engineering perspective

Uncertainty how ecosystems will behave and look like in the future has been increasing. Several concepts, such as sustainable, adaptive, or risk-based management, were proposed to cope with uncertain, incomplete knowledge, and with changing environmental conditions. However, there is a lack of agreement what those concepts mean and how they differ from traditional forest management approaches. The paper aims at (1) exploring general systems theory, control theory, and risk management theory for general principles that may be guiding the future development of ecosystem management, and that (2) developing a concept in adaptive ecosystem management that may act as a shared mental model for both scholars and practitioners.     

基于MACH3的教学型五轴联动数控铣床的电气控制系统设计

为降低中小型企业和学校五轴数控机床的成本,促进五轴数控技术应用人才的培养,设计了一台基于UG的教学五轴联动数控铣床。电气控制系统采用MACH3运动控制卡为核心,进给系统采用步进电机、主轴系统采用变频器,基于电气参数对系统电路进行设计。系统调试包括对系统软件、变频器的调试和软件界面开发、编写程序试运行等。