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101.
农林废弃物超低酸水解装置及试验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
自行设计了木质纤维素类生物质超低酸水解装置,该装置可以间歇进料方式实现生物质的超低酸水解。在该装置上分别以木聚糖和定量滤纸为模化物得到了半纤维素和纤维素水解的最佳工况,进而对白松、速生杨和玉米秸秆这三种在我国分布较为广泛的原料进行了超低酸两步水解研究,分别得到了51.24%、78.27%和84.10%的可水解原料转化率和48.19%、57.96%和37.48%总还原糖得率,并以GCMS定性还原糖外的其他产物,最后对水解残渣做了分析研究。 相似文献
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103.
对玉米生产、收购、储存、销售等各个环节的玉米脂肪酸值情况进行了跟踪调研,结果表明:玉米收购入库前脂肪酸值呈逐年上升趋势,机械烘干明显促进玉米脂肪酸值的提高,采购合适粮源难度大;在正常储存年限内将玉米脂肪酸值控制在宜存范围内难度相当大,管理成本大大增加,轮换周期缩短增加了轮换成本;库存玉米主要用作饲料工业和发酵工业的原料,储存2年左右玉米脂肪酸值通常在60 mgKOH/100 g~65 mgKOH/100 g左右,完全能满足市场需求.建议将宜存指标定为脂肪酸值不超过60mg/100g,但广东、福建、广西、海南四个高温高湿地区宜存指标按不超过65 mgKOH/100 g判定. 相似文献
104.
不同储藏条件下稻谷脂肪酸值变化和霉变相关性研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
对不同水分、温度下模拟储藏的晚粳稻谷和晚籼稻谷进行定期的脂肪酸值测定和霉变情况观察。结果表明:储藏温度越高,稻谷含水量越大,其脂肪酸值上升速度越快,也越容易发生霉变。相比较而言,含水量分别为14.5%、13.5%晚粳稻谷和晚籼稻谷,在20℃储藏3个月,脂肪酸值变化很小,也未发生霉变。在相同储藏温度下,同一水分晚粳稻谷的脂肪酸值比晚籼稻谷更容易上升,也更容易发生霉变。脂肪酸值与稻谷霉变相关,一般而言,当稻谷脂肪酸值超过25 mgKOH/100g,开始霉变,所以脂肪酸值可作为稻谷是否发生霉变的指标。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于比色传感器数据和近红外光谱特征融合的储藏期面粉脂肪酸值的定量检测方法。开发比色传感器阵列、搭建便携式近红外光谱测量系统,分别采集不同储藏期面粉样本的比色传感器数据和近红外光谱。利用主成分分析分别对预处理后的比色传感器数据和近红外光谱数据进行特征降维,采用五折交互验证法在反向传播神经网络(BPNN)模型校正过程中进行优化,确定基于单技术分析模型的最佳主成分(PCs)个数。将优化后的基于单技术模型的最佳PCs在特征层进行融合,建立基于融合特征的BPNN分析模型,以实现对面粉储藏过程中脂肪酸值的快速检测。实验结果显示,基于比色传感器特征和基于近红外光谱特征建立的最佳BPNN模型的最佳PCs数量分别为3和4,基于融合特征建立的BPNN模型在预测集中的相关系数和预测均方根误差的均值分别为0.9276和1.9345 mg/(100 g)。研究表明,与单技术数据分析模型相比,基于比色传感器数据和近红外光谱特征融合模型的检测精度和泛化性能都有所提高。本研究可为粮食储藏品质的高精度原位监测提供一种技术方法。 相似文献
107.
In this study, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of anthocyanin-rich mulberry species of Morus nigra L. (black mulberry) and Morus rubra L. (red mulberry) fruits harvested from across Turkey were investigated. Fruit color, total phenolics (TP), total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), titratable acidity (TA), and individual sugar and organic acid compositions were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of fruits was assessed by both the trolox-equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Black mulberry exhibited higher TP, TMA, TAC and TA when compared to red mulberry. The average TP contents of M. nigra and M. rubra were 2737 and 1603 μg gallic acid equivalent in g fresh weight basis (GAE/g fw), respectively. M. nigra had the richest amount of anthocyanin with an average of 571 μg cy-3-glu/g fw. Overall, TAC averaged 10.5 and 12.0 mmol TE/L by the TEAC and FRAP methods, respectively. We found that FRAP, TEAC, TP and TMA were significantly correlated (r = 0.64–0.99) with each other. Fructose (5.27 g/100 mL) and glucose (5.81 g/100 mL) were determined to be the major sugars in both mulberries. M. nigra displayed a higher TA (2.05 g/100 mL) than M. rubra (0.78 g/100 mL), with citric acid as the major acid. 相似文献
108.
Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology,and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chunhui Huang Bo Yu Yuanwen Teng Jun Su Qun Shu Zaiquan Cheng Liqiong Zeng 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Red Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) are particular to China. In order to determine the effects of fruit bagging treatments (including bag types, bag removal patterns and dates) on fruit qualities and to understand the mechanism of coloring of red Chinese sand pears, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ were firstly covered by light-impermeable paper bags with different levels of light permeable liners during their early development stage, then, the whole bag were/not removed or only the outer layer of bags were removed 3, 2 or 1 weeks before harvest. Thus, the fruit were/not totally re-exposed or were under different levels of sunlight transmission (80.31% or 34.71%). Non-bagged fruit were used as the control. Bagging treatments significantly affected the concentration of anthocyanin and the visual qualities of pear fruit. Compared to control, fruit re-exposed totally for 2 or 3 weeks accumulated the largest amount of anthocyanin and fruit receiving 80.31% and 34.71% of sunlight for 1–3 weeks could synthesize a little anthocyanin, indicating that high light intensity is imperative for coloring in red Chinese sand pears. Bagging treatments did not affect contents of total soluble sugars, but decreased organic acids contents in fruit. In the second experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ and ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ were covered with only one type of light-impermeable bag during the early development stage and totally re-exposed after the bag removal 15 days before harvest. Fruit were then collected at different intervals to trace the time-course of coloring, and related physiology and inner qualities. With increasing time after the bag removal, the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and total phenols changed little, but the concentration of anthocyanin accumulated extremely fast within 10 days after the bag removal in both cultivars and thereafter kept constant. ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ had higher anthocyanin contents and lower hue angle than ‘Meirensu’, indicating a higher potential of anthocyanin synthesis. After the bag removal, the sucrose contents and PAL activities increased gradually and correlation analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in two cultivars. This study suggests that anthocyanin biosynthesis in red Chinese sand pears is a highly light dependent process and modified by genotypes. Based on the current results, in order to obtain red Chinese sand pear fruit with attractive appearance and good inner qualities, fruit must be covered with light-impermeable bags at the early stage of fruit development and the bag should be removed totally at least 10 days before harvest. 相似文献
109.
In this work, the contents of oil, sugar and organic acids of olive fruit samples (Domat, Memecik and Uslu) were determined by using HPLC at different maturation stages. Olive fruit samples presented a common organic acid profile, composed of four constituents: oxalic, citric, malic and succunic acids. Total organic acid content of Domat variety was found to be 4787.1 ± 4.53 mg/100 g in January. Memecik variety had the highest value at the beginning of the ripening period (6385.08 ± 4.90 mg/100 g). The amount of organic acid in Uslu variety reached up to the value of 10942.5 ± 30.41 mg/100 g. The results were evaluated statistically to determine relationship between the oil, sugar and organic acid content in three olive varieties during maturation. A positive correlation was found between the total sugar and organic acid (r = 0.54, p < 0.01) whereas a low positive correlation was observed between the contents of oil and total organic acids (r = 0.46, p < 0.05) in olive varieties. 相似文献
110.