Consumer perceptions of food safety risk: Evidence from a segmentation study in Albania

Albania is facing serious problems with the national food safety control system in terms of legislation, control and enforcement. The objective of this paper is to analyse consumer perceptions about safety of small ruminant meat in Tirana, in a context of weak enforcement of the food safety system. Applying two-step clustering analyses, consumers were classified in four socio-demographic clusters, and it was found that the cluster composed of female consumers with lower education and income levels, and the two clusters composed of male consumers perceive consumed meat as safe. Consumers in the cluster composed of females with university education and higher income are, on average, more concerned with current meat safety measures and tend to place more trust in the veterinarian stamp on meat carcasses rather than in local butchers.     

农业女性化背景下节水灌溉技术推广模式研究

中国是一个水资源短缺的国家,农业生产消耗了大量水资源,发展节水农业势在必行。目前农村地区男性劳动力大量外流,形成了以女性为主的农业生产主体,给节水灌溉技术的推广带来了一定的困难。通过在甘肃省武威市推广节水灌溉技术,利用农民田间学校为平台,结合技术研发与推广部门,有效地促进了农村妇女采用节水灌溉技术的积极性,并且形成了一套比较完整的在农业女性化背景下推广节水灌溉技术的新模式。     

烤烟种植规模与经济性状的关系分析——以江西崇仁为例

为给崇仁县烟农适度种植规模提供理论参考,对崇仁县2013年烟农的种植规模和烤后烟叶经济性状进行描述统计、相关分析和聚类分析。结果表明:种植规模和经济性状在烟农之间存在着广泛的变异。单户烟农种植规模与上等烟比例呈显著正相关,与中等烟比例之间呈显著负相关,与单位面积产值、单位面积产量之间存在显著正相关,和均价呈正相关。在崇仁县现阶段的生产水平下,烟农种植规模集中在2.334~2.413 hm 2范围内,烟农的种烟综合经济效益较高。     

浅谈新形势下农家书屋的建设和发展

农家书屋是党和政府保障农民基本文化权益、推动新农村建设的一项基础工程。这里简要总结了近年来农家书屋发展的基本情况,指出了当前农家书屋建设中存在的一些突出问题,提出了推动农家书屋发展的途径和措施。     

对发展农村职业教育的思考

分析了农村职业教育的现状,指出农村职业教育发展的目标,要考虑对农村职教的投入,稳定农村职教教师队伍,搞好教育资源分配.面向农村劳动力进行培训要打破城乡分割,不仅要培训种植、养殖技能,而且要进行第二、三产业技能培训。     

Evidence of the development of ‘domain‐restricted’ expertise in the recognition of asymmetric motion characteristics of hindlimb lameness in the horse

Reasons for performing study: Visual assessment of horses' movements is subjective, affected by bias and dependent on the level of experience of the assessor. However, to date there are no data available on the ability of the human visual system to recognise (a)symmetry in moving objects. Objectives: To investigate, using visual lameness assessment, the limits of human perception and the ability of experienced and nonexperienced individuals to detect asymmetry in 2 moving objects simulating hindlimb lameness in the horse. Methods: Twelve experienced individuals (equine and small animal clinicians), and 24 nonexperienced individuals (undergraduate veterinary students) were presented with computer simulations showing 2 ‘tuber coxae markers’ created using data from both lame and nonperceptibly lame horses, as well as artificial data based on a sine wave. Individuals were asked to classify as symmetrical or asymmetrical, and then rank based on the grade of perceived asymmetry. Repeatability and learning effect were evaluated by repeating the tests on a subset of subjects. Results: The threshold for detection of movement asymmetry was found to be approximately 25% difference in amplitude between the 2 moving objects for all individuals. There was no significant difference between experienced and nonexperienced individuals in the ability to detect asymmetry in the simulations based on artificial data. However, the percentage of correct answers was higher for experienced compared to nonexperienced individuals for simulations based on data from real lame horses. Conclusions: There was a significant difference between experienced and nonexperienced individuals in the ability to identify asymmetric movement based on the pattern seen in a lame horse, as opposed to an artificial pattern for which all individuals showed similar performance. Potential relevance: The study provides the basis for the development of computer simulations that could aid in training veterinarians in the diagnosis of lameness and, even, the objective assessment of expertise in this field.     

健全农村公共物品供给中农民需求表达机制的探讨

从农民需求表达与农村公共物品供给的关系入手,揭示出农民需求表达与公共物品最优供给的内在联系,说明了建立健全农民需求表达机制在促进农村公共物品供给中起着举足轻重的作用。从农民、农民组织和政府三个层面剖析了当前我国农民需求表达机制中存在的问题并提出健全和完善的对策建议。     

半农半牧区农户生产现状及对气候变化的感知与应对——基于内蒙古林西县的调查研究

半农半牧区是全球气候变化反应敏感的生态脆弱带。该地区农业基础设施落后,人口与资源矛盾突出,生产力水平低下,经济欠发达,受气候变化影响,农民的生产生活水平的维持与提高面临着十分严峻的挑战。本调查研究以内蒙古赤峰市林西县为例,利用1954~2009年气象数据资料分析了该地区56年来年际和主要季节温度、降水变化趋势;同时,选用60个农户家庭调查样本,研究了农户家庭基本状况与经营现状、农牧户家庭对气候变化及其影响的感知与应对策略。最后,在全面总结研究结果的基础上提出增强农户家庭气候变化适应能力的对策建议。     

贵州农村农业科技信息服务供给研究——以六枝特区某乡为例

完善农村科技信息服务是农村发展的一个重要方式.运用案例研究,在问卷调查、深度访谈等基础上,对贵州省农村科技信息服务供给中存在的问题进行描述,对存在问题的原因进行分析,并提出了相应的对策及建议.     

乡镇成人教育中心校服务于社会主义新农村建设的作用与途径探讨

乡镇成教中心校在实施农民教育培训方面扮演主要角色。分析了乡镇成教中心校在新农村建设中的作用及当前面临的问题,提出乡镇成教中心校服务于新农村建设的途径：