恶唑菌酮在土壤中的移动性研究

采用土壤薄层层析法研究了杀菌剂恶唑菌酮在土壤中的移动性以及表面活性剂对其移动性的影响。结果表明,在不同性质的土壤中恶唑菌酮的相对移动值Rf在0.089￣0.141之间。恶唑菌酮土壤中移动性的差异主要与土壤有机质和粘粒含量有关,它们之间呈显著的负相关性。通过供试的3种表面活性剂发现,表面活性剂影响恶唑菌酮的移动性主要取决于表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度,在低于表面活性剂临界胶束浓度中恶唑菌酮的移动性受到抑制,而在高于临界胶束浓度下恶唑菌酮的移动性明显增大。恶唑菌酮在表面活性剂中移动性的变化是恶唑菌酮和土壤表面吸附位、表面活性剂分子、胶束之间相互作用的结果。     

The strobilurin fungicides

Strobilurins are one of the most important classes of agricultural fungicide. Their invention was inspired by a group of fungicidally active natural products. The outstanding benefits they deliver are currently being utilised in a wide range of crops throughout the world. First launched in 1996, the strobilurins now include the world's biggest selling fungicide, azoxystrobin. By 2002 there will be six strobilurin active ingredients commercially available for agricultural use. This review describes in detail the properties of these active ingredients--their synthesis, biochemical mode of action, biokinetics, fungicidal activity, yield and quality benefits, resistance risk and human and environmental safety. It also describes the clear technical differences that exist between these active ingredients, particularly in the areas of fungicidal activity and biokinetics.