Interactive effects of family and stocking density on survival and growth of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius

To investigate the effects of family, stocking density, and their interaction on mortality, growth rate, and size dispersal in the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius, 1,440 juveniles from six full‐sib families were exposed to three stocking densities, that is, low stocking density (LD), middle stocking density (MD), and high stocking density (HD), and reared for 10 months in sea‐based suspended cages. The results demonstrated significant family effects on cumulative mortality rate (CMR); specific growth rate for test diameter (SGR for TD); specific growth rate for body weight (SGR for BW); coefficient of variation for body weight at the 10th month (CV for BW₁₀); and significant stocking density effects on SGR for TD, SGR for BW, and CV for BW₁₀. Statistically significant family by stocking density interaction was only found in SGR for TD. A certain degree of family‐ranking inversions occurred in SGR for TD. The present study provides evidence for the existence of family by stocking density interaction on the growth rate of test diameter in the family selection for S. intermedius. More attention should be paid to this interaction effect to select correct parents in S. intermedius.     

Soil carbon change across ten New South Wales farms under different farm management regimes in Australia

This paper examines the potential influence of soil management and land use on soil carbon on cropping farms in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Soil organic carbon (SOC) data from ten farms spatially distributed across NSW were examined on two occasions. Soil cores to a depth 0–30 cm were measured for SOC and, as expected, SOC in the A horizon (1.16%) was significantly (p < .001) greater than in the B horizon (0.74%) of all profiles. Analysis of the 2013 and 2015 SOC data indicated that in many ways, the results runs counter to other SOC studies in Australia. Importantly, the mean SOC concentration in these agricultural soils was significantly (p < .001) less under cropping (2013-1.05%, 2015-0.97%) than in native sites (2013-1.20%, 2015-1.16%). Out of the total of 35 sites sampled from 10 farms, SOC in 49% of sites did not change significantly over 2 years, in 17% it increased significantly, whereas in 34% it decreased. Further, a clear implication of drought on SOC was seen on sites that were uncropped based on a critical value for a 95% confidence interval (p < .05) and complemented by the significant correlation (p < .05) between average annual precipitation deficit (ANPD) and SOC across the state with R² = 0.39. The mean SOC was found to be directly proportional to standard deviation and standard error. In terms of spatial variability, the C0 (nugget) value was greatest for farms with a large mean SOC and the average variogram in this study has a range of approximately 200 m which is potentially useful in determining sampling spacing for soil carbon auditing purpose. Similar empirical data over more years are required to better estimate SOC levels and to determine whether at a farm scale, factors such as land management, land use and climate can be related to soil carbon change and variability.     

农产品中罗丹明B的检测分析

应用液相色谱质谱仪,建立农产品中罗丹明B的分析方法。样品经乙酸乙酯、环己烷混合溶液提取,液相色谱质谱仪测定,罗丹明质量浓度B在1～100 ng/mL内呈现良好的线性,在5,10 ng/mL水平上添加罗丹明B,考察每个水平上方法平均回收率分别为82.3%,94.1%,相对标准偏差CV分别为5.73%,3.49%(n=18)。方法的检出限为1 ng/g,定量限为5 ngg/g。     

柿饼的家庭制作工艺研究

以新鲜的柿子为原料,经削皮、日晒、熏硫、堆捂等工艺,可生产出一种香甜、耐嚼及具有营养和药用价值的柿饼。     

11个玉米bZIP基因应答逆境胁迫的表达分析

bZIP基因家族是一类广泛存在于植物中的重要转录因子,在植物生长发育及应答逆境胁迫响应途径中发挥重要作用。选取11个玉米bZIP基因作为研究对象,系统地研究了ZmbZIP基因应答各类逆境胁迫时的表达模式。进化树分析结果显示11个ZmbZIP基因聚合为一个大家族,并可以进一步细分为3个亚组。qPCR分析结果显示8个ZmbZIP基因表达模式在玉米不同组织中呈现明显差异,预示着在玉米生长发育进程中功能多样化。 人为模拟盐、干旱、低温和硝态氮或铵态氮缺乏胁迫等研究结果表明,8个ZmbZIP呈现不同的表达模式,ZmbZIP71和ZmbZIP129同时受200 mmol·L^-1 NaCl溶液、20% PEG6000和4 ℃低温胁迫的诱导（>2倍）,而其他ZmbZIP在应答3种非生物胁迫时呈现不同的表达模式。叶片和根系中ZmbZIP基因受不同氮形态缺乏胁迫的调控,叶片中有6个ZmbZIP基因受铵态氮缺乏胁迫的诱导,有2个ZmbZIP受硝态氮缺乏胁迫明显抑制,根系中ZmbZIP9、ZmbZIP69和ZmbZIP71同时受2种胁迫因子的影响,而有5个ZmbZIP基因受2种不同胁迫处理的影响不同,显示叶片或根系ZmbZIP基因在调控氮缺乏胁迫响应机制中具有不同的生物学功能。结果可为将来深入研究这些基因的生物学功能提供科学数据。     

加强国营林场生产建设,充分发挥骨干示范作用

党的十一届三中全会以后,国营林场的生产建设发展更快,仅1988年全省国营林场完成造林80O0公顷,生产木材34.68万m~3,上交国家税收2461万元,经营纯收入4197万元,经费自给率达62.5％。实践证明,兴办国营林场是国家投资少,收效大的有效途径。但是,当前国营林场在经营观念、管理体制,资源开发利用,管理水平等方面,仍存在不少问题,影响其发展能力、本文就国营林场如何转变指导思想,增加后续资源,加快森林资源开发利用,改革管理体制、筹集开发建设资金、加强科技工作等方面,提出作者的看法和意见,以供参考。     

试论国营林场承包责任制的建立与健全

本文介绍漳州市二十个国营林场在育苗、造林、森林管护、木材生产、 汽车运输、果树等农副业、工业和商业以及职能部门等方面所采取的承包责任制的做法。 通过实行多种形式的承包责任制,给林场经营增添了活力,解放了生产力,促进了林业生产。其优越性表现:1、充分调动了职工的劳动积极性。2、生产质量大有提高。3、有利于保护森林资源。4、推动产业结构合理调整。     

城郊型国有林场发展实践探索

通过对福建省三明市城郊型国有林场的发展现状及存在问题的分析,探索城郊型国有林场发展实践。     

规模化养猪场疾病防控

养猪场以前饲养数量较少时采用传统的综合防控措施,如免疫接种、药物预防和治疗等,在疾病防控方面都起到关键作用且效果明显,但是随着饲养数量增加,只采用上述措施远远不够,应树立创新理念和生物安全措施,才能更有效的防控疾病发生。     

采摘果园经营管理策略研究——以尤溪县洋中镇老友生态农场为例

果园采摘是休闲农业的一个重要类型,在减少农产品流通环节、开拓农产品销售渠道、创建品牌、发展三产融合、提升农业经济效益方面具有明显的优势。笔者以尤溪县洋中镇老友生态农场为例,分析了采摘园存在缺乏规划、服务理念不到位、采摘品种单一、同质化竞争激烈、劳动力成本高、精细化管理不足、品牌建设滞后、营销推广不足等问题。提出对采摘园进行准确定位、采用高标准的绿色种植技术、配套完善服务设施、实现功能分区、利用新媒体进行营销推广、树立品牌等经营管理措施,以带动传统果园转型升级,实现乡村产业振兴。