利用改善液培养牛卵母细胞和早期胚胎的研究

在基础液 M199配制的培养液中,加入牛卵泡内的颗料细胞,置39℃、5%的 CO_2培养箱中培养72 h 后回收过滤液(简称改善液)。用这种不同浓度和保存时间的改善液,在体外成熟培养牛卵母细胞和胚胎时分别代替培养液和培养液加颗粒细胞制作的单层细胞培养体系。结果表明:(1)在基础液 M199中分别加入0%、25%、50%、75%、100%改善液和对照纽,其分裂率(78.7%～83.0%)组间均无差异(P>0.05);受精卵在体外培养至囊胚率,其中0%改善液组为30.4%,与对照组46.5%有显著差异(P<0.01);囊胚孵化率0%和25%改善液组分别为57.1%和57.9%,与对照组76.6%有显著差异(P<0.01)。(2)改善液保存时间为0 d,-4℃ 5～7 d,-20℃180 d 和对照组,分裂率(80.5%～86.3%)组间均无差异(P>0.05);受精卵在体外培养至囊胚率和囊胚孵化率,其中-20℃保存180 d 组分别为31.1%和54.5%,与对照组46.1%和72.0%有差异(P<0.05)。     

校外教学实习基地建设的探索与实践

为了适应市场经济需要,在建设校外教学实习基地过程中,我们引进了产学研结合的育人机制,先后在校外建立了１１个基地,解决了畜牧兽医系所承担的７个专业的实习场所问题,安排了３７１名学生实习,保证了教学质量。同时,结合教学和生产,在基地开展了合作研究,进行科技服务,培训技术骨干和基地职工,从而大大加快了基地生产的发展,经济效益明显提高。目前,建立校外教学实习基地的经验,已在校内各系推广。     

IRIDIUM-192: A LITERATURE REVIEW FOR FURTHER REFERENCING THE ISOTOPE, ITS ACTIVITY UNITS, AND DOSIMETRY TECHNIQUES

The individual embarking on an iridium-192 brachytherapy program is faced with an abundance of concepts, terms and dosimetry techniques. This article introduces the beginning brachytherapist to the basic physical parameters of iridium-192, to the potential units for source strength and to the general concepts of the various dosimetry techniques. Multiple literature references are listed for more in-depth study.     

外浮顶罐ZYPS新型中央排水装置的应用

分析比较了钢质外浮顶油罐的回转接头式、枢轴式和挠性管式3种常用中央排水装置的结构与性能.介绍了钢质外浮顶罐ZYPS新型中央排水装置的结构与特点.实际应用效果证明,ZYPS新型中央排水装置能够快捷、彻底地排出罐顶的积水,并且具有结构简单、可靠性强、抗疲劳性能高、成本较低、适应性强等优点.     

Induced Acute Ruminai Acidosis in Goats Treated with Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and Bicarbonate

Ruminai acidosis was induced in twenty-one 10-month-old West African Dwarf Goats by feeding a suspension of 80 g wheat flour per kg body-weight (day 0) through a stomach tube. Ruminai and systemic acidosis was diagnosed on day 1 in all goats. Clinical signs included loss of rumination and appetite, trembling, and watery diarrhoea. The detection of acidic faeces during the first 24h was considered of diagnostic importance. Subgroups were treated orally on days 1,2, and 3 either with 1 g of sodium bicarbonate per kg bodyweight, with 1 g of baking yeast per kg, or with a combination of these treatments at 0.5 g of each per kg. A fourth group served as untreated controls.Peroral bicarbonate neutralization was highly effective in the treatment of rumen acidosis, whereas the use of yeast was found ineffective. The combined treatment had a moderate effect probably due to the bicarbonate.Three fatal cases (60%) occurred in the untreated group compared with none in the bicarbonate group, and 2 in each of the remaining groups. This corresponded to 33% of the yeast treated group and 40% of the combined treated group. Details were given on post mortem examinations performed on all survivors on day 11. Lesions included subacute rumenitis and abomasal ulcers. No lesions were found in 3 of the bicarbonate treated goats and in 2 of the animals receiving combined treatment.     

HYPOTHYROIDISM IN A DOG AFTER SURGERY AND RADIATION THERAPY FOR A FUNCTIONAL THYROID ADENOCARCINOMA

Hypothyroidism was diagnosed in a dog which had undergone unilateral thyroid lobectomy and external beam irradiation (48 Gy in 3 Gy fractions) for a functional cystic thyroid adenocarcinoma. Hypothyroidism became biochemically apparent within 4 months of completion of radiation therapy, and clinically apparent within 7 months. Clinical signs resolved after thyroid hormone supplementation. The potential for alterations in thyroid function should be considered in any animal undergoing radiation therapy in which the thyroid gland is included in the radiation field. This potential may be greater if surgery and radiation are combined.     

不同中西药方剂治疗猪附红细胞体病的效果试验

配制三种浓度的血虫净、盐酸土霉素、中药制剂及其两两相互组合三个复方共 1 2种药物方剂组 ,对猪附红细胞体病的病例进行治疗试验。结果表明 ,血虫净 中药制剂组疗效最佳 ,经治疗 6d后红细胞感染率显著低于其他组( P <0 .0 5或 P <0 .0 1 ) ,且死亡率为零 ,治疗愈率达到 1 0 0 % ;中药制剂组红细胞感染率、死亡率显著高于其余组 ( P <0 .0 5或 P <0 .0 1 ) ,而治愈率、有效率低于其余组。证明中草药与西药合用有协同增效作用。     

Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Sulphate Used in Clustered Model Treatment in Alleviating Zinc Deficiency in Cattle and Its Effect on Hormones,Vitamins and Production Parameters

A survey was conducted in 10 districts of northern India. Significant deficiency of zinc was observed in soil, fodders and (cattle) serum samples. The animals showed typical signs of zinc deficiency, namely stiff gait, swelling of hocks and knees, subcutaneous fluid accumulation, rough coat, etc. of variable intensity. A clustered model therapeutic trial was conducted and zinc-deficient cattle were divided into three groups. Group A was provided with mineral mixture containing zinc sulphate. Group B was given mineral mixture without zinc sulphate and group C was given no mineral mixture. Significant improvement (p < 0.01) was observed in the haemoglobin (Hb), total white blood cells (WBC) and total erythrocyte count (TEC) levels at the 7th day of treatment in the animals of group A. Significant improvement in enzyme serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) was observed in group A animals at the 7th day, while improvement in asparatate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) was observed after 21 days of treatment. Regarding hormones, significant improvement was observed in thyroxine (T₃) and triiodothyronine (T₄), oestrogen and progesterone in group A animals within 14 days of treatment. The values of vitamin A showed a highly significant (p < 0.01) improvement within 7 days of treatment in group A animals and that of vitamin E on the 21 st day of treatment. The milk yield of lactating cattle and body weight of growing calves in group A showed highly significant (p < 0.01) increases at about 14 and 30 days, respectively. It is concluded that zinc sulphate supplementation is highly effective in alleviating zinc deficiency and improving various biochemical and production parameters in cattle. The clustered model treatment provides a better indicator of the most limiting element under field conditions where simultaneous deficiency of various minerals is prevalent.     

Efficacy and safety of a purified porcine insulin zinc suspension for managing diabetes mellitus in dogs

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a purified porcine insulin zinc suspension for treating dogs with uncomplicated diabetes mellitus. Fifty-three dogs were treated for 60 days after an initial dose determination period. The means of the blood glucose concentrations during 12-hour glucose curves and the means of the blood glucose nadir concentrations during 12-hour glucose curves for all dogs were determined before beginning insulin therapy (time 0), at the end of the dose determination period (time 1), 30 days after time 1 (time 2), and 60 days after time 1 (time 3). Presence of polyuria, polydipsia, and ketonuria was determined at each time point. Adequacy of control of hyperglycemia was based on 12-hour blood glucose curves and improvement in clinical variables (results of physical examinations, historic information, polyuria, polydipsia, and ketonuria). Safety was evaluated by questionnaire, performance of physical examination, CBC, serum chemistry profile, and urinalysis. The means of the blood glucose concentrations during 12-hour glucose curves and the means of the blood glucose nadir concentrations during 12-hour glucose curves for all dogs at times 1, 2, and 3 were significantly lower compared with time 0 (P < .0001). There was a reduction in the proportion of dogs with polyuria, polydipsia, and ketonuria of 82, 86, and 80%, respectively. All of the dogs had adequate glycemic control at time 1, 66% at time 2, and 75% at time 3. At time 3, 66% of dogs required insulin injections q12h. Other than hypoglycemia, there were no important adverse effects of insulin administration. The insulin, was safe and efficacious for reducing blood glucose and clinical signs in dogs with diabetes mellitus.     

Influence of Fluid Therapy on Gentamicin Pharmacokinetics in Colic Horses

The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin is commonly used in equine medicine for the prevention and treatment of Gram-negative and staphylococcal bacteria in surgically treated colic patients. The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in these patients might be altered by the disease status, and/or under the influence of fluid therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intravenous fluid treatment on gentamicin kinetics in colic patients. Colic patients subjected to laparotomy were given fluid infusions according to clinical status. Following gentamicin administration, blood samples were taken for gentamicin analysis at different time points, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters including Vc, Vss, t(1/2) and MRT were calculated. Horses undergoing fluid therapy showed a significantly different t(1/2), clearance and MRT as compared to non-infused patients. However, taking into account the clinical status of the patients receiving fluid support, the data suggest that endotoxaemia, rather than fluid therapy, influence gentamicin pharmacokinetics following laparotomy.