丰蜜3号厚皮甜瓜的选育

丰蜜3号厚皮甜瓜是以自交系M3为母本、自交系0063为父本配制而成的短椭圆形厚皮甜瓜一代杂种。中早熟,果实发育期30-35d。单果重1.4kg左右,每667m2产量约2200kg。皮色浅黄,覆10条浅绿色纵沟,果面具细网纹;果肉白色,肉厚约3.5cm,肉质结实稍脆,味清香,果实中心可溶性固形物含量17%左右。     

Identification of Landscape Elements Related to Local Declines of a Boreal Grey-sided Vole Population

Several studies indicate a long-term decline in numbers of different species of voles in northern Fennoscandia. In boreal Sweden, the long-term decline is most pronounced in the grey-sided vole (Clethrionomys rufocanus). Altered forest landscape structure has been suggested as a possible cause of the decline. However, habitat responses of grey-sided voles at the landscape scale have never been studied. We analyzed such responses of this species in lowland forests in Västerbotten, northern Sweden. Cumulated spring densities representing 22 local time series from 1980–1999 were obtained by a landscape sampling design and were related to the surrounding landscape structure of 2.5×2.5 km plots centred on each of the 22 1-ha trapping plots. In accordance with general knowledge on local habitat preferences of grey-sided voles, our study supported the importance of habitat variables such as boulder fields and old-growth pine forest at the landscape scale. Densities were negatively related to clear cuts. Habitat associations were primarily those of landscape structure related to habitat fragmentation, distance between habitat patches and patch interspersion rather than habitat patch type quantity. Local densities of the grey-sided vole were positively and exponentially correlated with spatial contiguity (measured with the fragmentation index) of old-growth pine forest, indicating critical forest fragmentation thresholds. Our results indicate that altered land use might be involved in the long-term decline of the grey-sided vole in managed forest areas of Fennoscandia. We propose two further approaches to reveal and test responses of this species to changes in landscape structure.     

桃豫农矮化砧木1号的矮化机制

以豫农矮化砧木1号(Prunus persica L.cv.dwarfing rootstock Yunong1)、毛桃(P.persica L.)、寿星桃(P.persi-ca L.var.densa Mak.)、毛樱桃(Cerasus tomentosa Thunb.)和豫甜桃为试材,研究了豫农矮化砧木1号的矮化机制。结果表明,豫农矮化砧木1号的木质部导管长度、长宽比、叶片和韧皮部POD酶活性均居毛桃与寿星桃之间;叶片内源激素中生长素(IAA)的含量、细胞分裂素类与生长素的比值(ZR/IAA)均与豫农矮化砧木1号的矮化性状呈显著相关性;蛋白质双向电泳图谱显示豫农矮化砧木1号第9、13处有特异蛋白,而毛桃和寿星桃均没有;第10处蛋白质丰度有差异,依次是寿星桃>矮化砧木>毛桃;解剖结构显示豫农矮化砧木1号为砧木的嫁接部位愈合良好,且愈合部位出现4处漩涡纹。POD酶活性、内源激素的含量、导管和嫁接部位解剖结构的差异均是影响豫农矮化砧木1号矮化的因子。     

禽流感病毒H5亚型主要保护性抗原在禽痘病毒中的高效表达

将H5亚型禽流感病毒血凝素HA基因克隆入插入载体pllS中获得重组转移质粒p11SH5A,通过酶切鉴定获得了预期的转移质粒p11SHSA,将质粒p11SHSA和野生禽痘病毒(wtFPV)共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞(CEF),通过蓝白斑筛选纯化得到重组病毒rFPV-11SH5A.以间接免疫荧光法证实,HA基因得到了表达.将该重组病毒rFPV-11SH5A以10(5)PFU/只免疫7日龄SPF鸡,于7、10、14、18、21d分别采血分离血清检测HI抗体,于免疫21d后用10(5)ELD50的野生病毒进行肌肉注射观察疫苗保护率.结果表明,该疫苗能提供100%的保护.     

苏太仔猪FUT1基因M307位点多态性与F18大肠杆菌抗病相关性的体外鉴定

采用PCR-RFLP方法检测了江苏苏太断奶仔猪FUT1基因M307位点等位基因多态性分布,在所检的49头仔猪中,GG基因型个体16头,AG基因型19头,AA基因型14头。在此基础上,制备上述不同基因型个体仔猪小肠上皮细胞,分别与表达F18ab菌毛的野生型大肠杆菌、表达F18ac菌毛含fed操纵子全基因的重组大肠杆菌和V型系统表面分泌表达F18abFedF亚单位的重组大肠杆菌进行体外黏附试验和黏附抑制试验。研究结果表明:FUT1基因M307位点中GG型和AG型仔猪小肠上皮细胞均能黏附上述3种大肠杆菌,而AA型个体小肠上皮细胞则不能黏附。将上述3种大肠杆菌分别与抗F18ab菌毛高免血清、F18ac菌毛高免血清及抗F18abFedF亚单位单因子血清作用后,则失去黏附仔猪肠上皮细胞能力。上述结果对苏太猪从体外试验上证明了FUT1基因M307位点多态性与断奶仔猪腹泻和水肿病存在着直接的相关性。     

The latent gene expression of Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

AIM: To examine the latent membrane protein 1(LMP1)-DNA sequence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and detect mRNA expression of LMP1,EBNA1,EBNA2,and to explore the relationship between EBV infectious status,expression products and NPC carcinogenesis.METHODS: LMP1 DNA was detected in NPC by PCR.Direct sequence was applied to analyze the difference between NPC-LMP1-DNA and B95-8- LMP1-DNA.mRNA expressions of LMP1,EBNA1,EBNA2 in NPC were detected by nested RT-PCR.RESULTS: LMP1 DNA existed in all 47 NPC tissues.Several single nucleotide variations were found between NPC-LMP1-DNA and B95-8- LMP1-DNA.The notable variation was the lost of XhoⅠrestriction site in NPC.Direct sequence showed 30 bp deletion in NPC.The mRNA expressions of LMP1,EBNA1 and EBNA2 in NPC were 76.6%,80.0% and 74.5% respectively by nested RT-PCR.The expression of EBNA1 in NPC was promoted by Q promoter while the expression of EBNA1 in B95-8 was promoted by C promoter.CONCLUSION: The way of EBV involved in NPC is complex.Latent genes such as LMP1,EBNA1 and EBNA2 as well as early lytic gene BARF1 may all play certain roles in NPC carcinogenesis.     

Histamine receptor antagonist prevent and ameliorate airway remodeling and acid-base imbalance in asthma of guinea pig

AIM:To investigate the effect of histamine receptor antagonist on airway remodeling and acid-base imbalance in asthma of guinea pig. METHODS:Guinea pigs were divided into 5 groups: the normal control group, the asthma model group, the continued asthma model group, histamine group and histamine receptor antagonist group. For each group, the content of histamine, Na+, Cl-, PaO2, PaCO2, pH, AB, SB in serum, and thickness of airway mucosa and smooth muscle cell layer were measured and compared with each other. RESULTS:(1) According to the content of histamine in serum and thickness of airway mucosa and smooth muscle, the order was: the histamine group>continued asthma model group>the asthma model group>the normal control group (P<0.01), and the histamine receptor antagonist groupthe continued asthma model group (P<0.01), but for PaCO2, the order was conversed. Airway remodeling, increase in histamine in serum, respiratory acidosis and metabolic acidosis in asthmatic guinea pig were observed. Exogenous histamine accentuated the change, however, histamine receptor antagonist attenuated it. CONCLUSION:Histamine may take part in the airway remodeling of asthma. Histamine receptor antagonist can prevent and ameliorate airway remodeling and acid-base imbalance in asthma of guinea pig.     

Pretreatment of hypertonic saline attenuates the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury induced by neutrophils

AIM: To explore the effect of the pretreatment of hypertonic saline (HTS) in hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury.METHODS: The rats were divided into sham group (sham group), ischemia reperfusion group (IR group) and pretreatment of hypertonic saline group (HTS group). Partial hepatic ischemia reperfusion model was used. The rats were sacrificed at the time of 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion in each group, respectively. Blood samples were obtained to examine ALT. The expression of the CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) on the neutrophils was analyzed by flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to examine the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in livers and chromatometry was performed to detect the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in livers. The morphology of hepatocytes and the structure of sinusoid were observed by histological examinations. RESULTS: ① HTS pretreatment decreased the level of ALT at the time points of 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after reperfusion (P<0.05). ② Mac-1 expression in HTS group was lower at 6 h and 12 h after reperfusion compared with IR group (P<0.05). ③ MPO activity in HTS group was lower at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h compared with IR group (P<0.05). ④ RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis indicated that the pretreatment of HTS inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 in livers after reperfusion. ⑤ Moderate hepatocyte swelling and few neutrophil infiltration were observed in HTS group.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with HTS has the effect on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of Mac-1 on circulating neutrophils and the expression of ICAM-1 in the liver.     

Protective effect of deferoxamine on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in neonatal rat

AIM:To investigate the possible mechanism of deferoxamine on angiogenesis in rat hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS:SD rats (7 days of age) were used to make HIE model. Model group and treatment group were injected with deferoxamine or normal saline alone 24 hours before hypoxic-ischemic insult. Rats were sacrificed at 1,3,7 or 14 days after hypoxic-ischemic insult. Brain capillary density index (BCDI),the number of proliferating capillary,brain water content and extent of brain atrophy were determined. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α) mRNA was measured. RESULTS:Early water content and late atrophic ratio of the left brain were significantly improved in the treatment group compared to model group (P<0.01). The number of proliferating capillary in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the model group ［(2.01±0.31)/HPF vs　(0.90±0.25)/HPF,P<0.01］. Deferoxamine markedly up-regulated the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α mRNA in the brain ［VEGF at 12 h: (1.41±0.07) vs (1.10±.15),P<0.05; HIF-1α at 12 h: (1.49±0.12) vs (1.11±0.16),P<0.05］.CONCLUSION:Deferoxamine may promote angiogenesis and attenuate hypoxic-ischemic induced brain injury via up-regulation of HIF-1α and VEGF expression.