地熊蜂对设施农业6种常用杀菌剂的敏感性研究

为了在温室内熊蜂授粉条件下科学使用杀菌剂,以地熊蜂工蜂为试材,参照《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》,测定了6种温室设施常用杀菌剂对地熊蜂的毒力,并对其进行了风险性评价。结果表明:地熊蜂对四霉素较敏感,其LD50为5.255 mg/L,表现为中等毒性;地熊蜂对氢氧化铜、代森锰锌、中生菌素、戊唑醇和苯醚甲环唑较不敏感,LD50≥74.992 mg/L,均表现为低毒,其中,中生菌素和戊唑醇的LD50分别为206.994 mg/L和207.560 mg/L,毒性最低。在设施作物上使用地熊蜂授粉时,建议禁用对地熊蜂中毒的农药。在使用对地熊蜂中毒或低毒的农药时,可将熊蜂分别搬出温室3 d和1 d,以减少农药对地熊蜂的为害。另外,我们不建议使用代森锰锌。     

基于G1赋权法的油气管道应急预案质量评价

在构建油气管道应急预案质量评价指标体系的基础上,鉴于常见的层次分析法(AHP)对指标赋权所存在的不足,采用G1法对各个指标进行权重赋值,给出了应急预案质量评定分值的求取方法、评判等级划分及其不同的应急预案质量完善策略。研究结果对如何评价油气管道应急预案的质量提供了方法指导,同时对应急预案的维护与修订提供了决策支持。     

天津市民水资源保护意识定量评价

水资源是维持人类生存、经济发展与社会进步的重要物质。但随着人口增长和社会经济的快速发展,水资源短缺和水污染问题日益严重。加强水资源保护意识宣传,提高市民节水意识,是实现水资源可持续利用的重要途径。文中基于系统观念,建立了一套综合评估市民水资源保护意识的指标体系,针对天津市民开展实证研究。选用层次分析法确定指标权重,通过模糊综合评价模型进行定量评价,采用相关分析辨识主要影响因子。结果表明:天津市民水资源保护意识总体一般,水资源保护意识强、中、弱的市民比例分别为50.96%、37.77%和10.92%;不同特征人群水资源保护意识存在差异;基于ArcGIS的空间分析表明天津市民水资源保护意识水平存在"东南高西北低、内高外低"的分布规律。     

10份菠萝种质资源的描述和评价

对收集的10份菠萝种质资源植株的芽、叶片及其果实性状进行描述和评价.结果表明:徐台品种的可溶性固彤物含量最高,其余指标接近于巴厘品种但无刺,是巴厘品种较好的一个替代品种;上海2号品种果型端正,果肉橙黄色,品质中上,Vc含量高,是较好的鲜食和加工皆宜品种;ST品种风味好,口感好,是一个优良的鲜食品种.     

大学生就业心理问题分析与对策

在就业过程中出现心理问题,将会直接影响学生的职业选择和职业发展。对此认真地加以分析,寻找对策,最终有效减少、消除不良心理,帮助学生迅速完成角色转换,顺利走向理想工作岗位。     

六盘山南侧华山松树干直径生长及其对气象因子的响应

2010年5—10月份,在宁夏六盘山南侧的香水河小流域,应用带状树木径向变化记录仪研究了华山松(Pinus armandii)树干的直径生长变化及其对气象因子的响应。结果表明:①华山松树干直径呈现出由收缩期、膨胀恢复期和生长期组成的日周期性变化,其最大值出现在6:00—9:00,最小值则在16:00左右。②华山松各样木树干直径日生长量的季节变化趋势一致,即:5-6月份为匀速生长期,其日均生长量在17.65～98.11μm之间;7-8月份为快速生长期,其日均生长量在27.15～112.33μm之间;8月底—10月份为缓慢生长期,其日均生长量在10μm以下。然而,华山松树干在匀速生长期、快速生长期内的直径日生长量幅度存在明显的个体差异,其中优势木的生长速度明显大于亚优势木和中等木。整个观测期内,华山松树干直径的累积生长过程符合幂函数曲线(R2=0.75～0.93,P<0.01)。③主成分分析和偏相关分析表明,日最低温、日降水量、日平均辐射是影响树干直径生长的主要气象因子,而日平均温度、日最高温、日平均饱和水汽压差等对树干径向生长的影响作用则表现出较大的变异性。     

老年公寓外环境康复支持性评价指标体系构建研究

老年公寓是现在备受关注的课题,本研究系统梳理了老年公寓外环境康复支持性的概念、特征、功能,提出了包括道路场地适应性、设施通用性、空间多样化、环境优美度等4方面评价目标及15个评价因子,并运用层次分析法建立起老年公寓外环境康复支持性评价指标体系,以期对老年公寓外环境的评价理论和实践研究有一定的借鉴价值。     

Considerations in developing an integrated pest management programme for control of sea lice on farmed salmon in Pacific Canada

In the development of integrated pest management (IPM) plans for the control of sea lice there are some components that are common to many areas. However, effective plans must be tailored to regionally varying environmental and biological factors affecting the severity of sea lice infections. This paper describes factors that would be involved in the development of an IPM plan for sea lice in the Broughton Archipelago, British Columbia. Temperature, salinity and currents affect the production, dispersion and competence of larvae of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer), as they develop to the infective copepodid stage. This information can be coupled with oceanographic conditions in the Broughton Archipelago and emerging computer models to define zones of infection where infections of new hosts are most likely. Salinity and temperature depend, in part, on river discharge in estuarine systems. River discharge depends on precipitation, snow pack and ambient temperatures, which can be monitored to help forecast the intensity of sea lice infections associated with both farmed and wild hosts. One of the goals of IPM planning is to reduce reliance on pesticides to avoid development of resistance in targeted parasites and to minimize environmental residues. Recommendations for developing an IPM plan specific to the Broughton Archipelago are provided along with a discussion of the additional information needed to refine IPM plans in this and other areas.     

Production of Biscuit from Chinese Sturgeon Fish Fillet Powder (Acipeneser sinensis): A Snack Food for Children

ABSTRACT

Malnutrition in children is a current global burden. A common snack for children is biscuits prepared from cereals. However, these types of biscuits have low protein content. Therefore, producing healthier biscuits enriched with essential amino acids (EAAs) and other micronutrients is of great interest to researchers and manufacturers. In this study, biscuits produced from low gluten wheat flour fortified with sturgeon fillet powder (SFP) in various mixing ratios (100:0, 95:5, 93:7, and 90:10, respectively) were investigated. The results revealed that the nutritional and proximate composition of biscuits were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved: moisture (6.77 ± 0.06–7.65 ± 0.06), protein (13.23 ± 0.35–17.12 ± 0.02), fat (15.57 ± 0.18–15.85 ± 0.25), ash (0.84 ± 0.07–0.92 ± 0.06), spread ratio (14.0 ± 0.92–14.33 ± 0.21), and hardness (2,057.90 ± 28.33–3,089.02 ± 51.53). Total amino acids were 6.91, 9.34, 10.32, and 10.58; and EAAs were 2.43, 3.97, 4.48, and 4.22 g/100 g for 0%, 5%, 7%, and 10% SFP, respectively. Leucine was the major amino acid with 5% and 10% SFP, while methionine was the major amino acid with 7% SFP. Fungal counts were not observed, and quality indices were below the maximum acceptable limits in the products. Biscuits supplemented with 7% SFP showed the highest sensory evaluation score. Overall, the inclusion of 7% SFP could produce protein enriched cereal-based fortified biscuits with acceptable sensory and quality attributes and ultimately could insure effective fish utilization and solve malnutrition problems.     

液质联用法测定水产品中喹诺酮类药物残留量的不确定度评定

文章建立了液质联用法检测水产品中喹诺酮类药物残留量结果的不确定度评估数学模型,对测量过程中的不确定度来源进行分析评定,计算各不确定度分量、相对合成不确定度和扩展不确定度,得到喹诺酮类药物的不确定度报告。分析结果显示,该测量过程产生的不确定度主要来源于液质联用仪和标准工作液配置引入的不确定度。