云南民族地区食用松毛虫的调查

在云南省民族地区经过深入广泛的调查,发现了一个鲜为人知的事实,即云南民间少数民族,如哈尼,傣,拉祜,佤族等具有悠久的食用松毛虫的历史。思茅地区共１０个县,至少８个县有人食用。其它地区有临沧,景洪,玉溪等。据调查研究,这一传统与历史上的饥荒有关。     

中国玉米主要种质杂种优势群的划分及其改良利用

根据配合力,杂种优势,系谱关系,生理和遗传特点及形态特征等,结合育种实践,将我国玉米种质分改良Ｒｅｉｄ,Ｌａｎｃａｓｔｅｒ（Ｍｏ１７和自３３０两个亚群）四平头,旅大红骨和其它（外杂选,综合品种选Ｓｕｗａｎ和低纬度种质４个亚群）５个杂种优势群９个亚群,提出了若干改良利用意见,并对种质基础狭窄,杂优群划分与利用,种质改良等问题进行了讨论。     

链霉菌702所产抑真菌物质理化性质的初步研究

用链霉菌702所产的抑真菌物质纯品进行了极性试验和官能团反应。极性试验表明该物质属于中性的非水溶性Ⅰ型抗生素;在官能团反应中,Molisch反应和Hopkins—Col反应呈阳性,表明该物质含有糖基和色氨酸,为进一步对该抑菌物质进行结构鉴定,提供了有益的实验依据。     

Differentiating A and B groups of Leptosphaeria maculans, causal agent of stem canker (blackleg) of oilseed rape

Stem canker or blackleg of brassicas, caused by Leptosphaeria maculans , is one of the most damaging diseases of winter oilseed rape in the UK. Airborne ascospores, released in autumn and winter, initiate leaf infections which may lead to colonization of the petiole and, later in the season, formation of stem lesions and cankers. Although isolates of the pathogen differ in ability to cause damaging stem cankers, this is not readily apparent from leaf spotting or stem lesion symptoms. However, several cultural, biochemical and genetic characteristics appear to be associated with the ability to form damaging stem cankers and isolates can be assigned to one of two groups, termed A and B, on the basis of differences in these characteristics. To investigate the relationship between leaf spotting symptoms and subsequent stem canker formation, and to improve understanding of the epidemiology of this pathogen, it is desirable to differentiate between the stem canker forming A group and the less damaging B group of L. maculans . Characterization of isolate type is also important in seed testing and crop breeding programs, particularly in countries such as Canada and Poland where the A type is not ubiquitous. This article reviews methods, including plant assays, assessments of growth characteristics in vitro , isozyme analyses, secondary metabolite profiling, serology, and nucleic acid analyses, that can be used to differentiate the A and B groups.     

Blood Polymorphism in West African Breeds of Sheep

This paper reports the blood groups and blood protein distribution in West African sheep breeds. About 100 animals of the Djallonke, Fulani and Touabire breeds were sampled for blood polymorphism analysis. Their blood groups were typed by haemolytic and agglutination reactions, and their blood proteins by starch gel electrophoresis. Almost all the loci analysed showed variability in the three breeds, with the Touabire and Fulani being closer to each other than to the Djallonke.     

中国卤虫卵孵化温度特性的研究

依据有效积温法则,对中国12个主要地理品系卤虫卵的孵化速度、发育起点温度及其发育同步性作了分析。结果表明,各品系的孵化速度因温度不同而差异极显著;相同温度下各品系间孵化速度也有显著差异;在沿海品系中,其发育起点温度由北往南基本呈递增趋势。以各品系孵化发育历期的变差系数作为发育同步性的衡量指标,依据发育同步性程度及发育起点温度、有效积温进行聚类分析,提出了适合我国卤虫卵加工及使用的最佳品系组合。     

沿浦湾秋茄种植前后大型底栖动物生态位和功能群变化

基于沿浦湾2014年10月(秋季)和2016年10月(秋季)的潮间带大型底栖动物调查资料,运用生态位宽度、生态位重叠、功能群分类和冗余分析(RDA)等指标与方法,分析秋茄(Kandelia candel)种植前、后大型底栖动物的生态位、功能群变化。研究结果表明,秋茄种植后广生态位种和中生态位种物种数占比与种植前相比较均有所增加,窄生态位种物种数占比减少。种植前生态位重叠值最大的种对为大青弹涂鱼(Scartelaosgigas)和细螯虾(Leptochela gracilis)(0.94),种植后则分别为豆形拳蟹(Pyrhila pisum)和微黄镰玉螺(Lunatica gilva)(0.99)、堇拟沼螺(Assiminea violacea)和光滑河篮蛤(Potamocorbula laevis)(0.99)。种植后高、中潮带功能群多样性较种植前上升,而低潮带功能群多样性下降;种植后浮游生物食者(Pl)、植食者(Ph)和杂食者(Om)的密度较种植前均增加,而肉食者(Ca)的密度略有减少。秋茄种植前3个潮带之间无显著性差异(P0.05);秋茄种植后高潮带与低潮带,以及中潮带与低潮带均有显著性差异(P0.05)。冗余分析(RDA)得出,对大型底栖动物群落具有较大影响的因子由种植前的铅、镉和石油类变为种植后的锌、镉和砷。总之,苍南沿浦湾秋茄林种植对大型底栖动物生态位和功能群总体上具有积极的改善作用。     

民族院校图书馆民族文献资源开发利用与保护

本文论述了民族文献资源建设的价值与地位,并结合民族院校图书馆民族文献资源状况,提出了开发利用与保护民族文献资源策略。     

Sustainable Aquaculture Products: Implications of Consumer Awareness and of Consumer Preferences for Promising Market Communication in Germany

Sustainability issues are becoming increasingly important in Western food consumption. This research aims at identifying ways to increase the market share of sustainable fish from aquaculture by analyzing consumer awareness and preferences for sustainable aquaculture products and by drawing conclusions on improving communication in the German market. An integrative research approach was used: it began with an inventory of sustainable seafood products on the German market, followed by qualitative and quantitative consumer research, and ending with a stakeholder workshop, which reflected on the research outcome with practitioners. Sustainability and country of origin proved to be of minor relevance to the vast majority of the consumers interviewed. Indeed, attributes such as freshness, taste, and price frequently ranked higher. Like most of the other consumers, the small consumer segment that is generally interested in sustainability issues of food also often lacks knowledge of fish farming and its products. Consequently, communication of sustainability in aquaculture is challenging, and the development of this market requires concerted actions along the whole value chain, with the retail sector as the main actor.     

试论“花香鼓舞”的当代传承

本文通过对“花香鼓舞”的研究,对其未来的发展与传承做出了深入的探究和思索。笔 者认为,“花香鼓舞”的当代传承不应只是动作形式上的传承,更应该是二老艺人的保护,舞蹈演 员及舞蹈编导和对民族文化的继承与发展。