17β-雌二醇对AC细胞活性、细胞周期和超微结构的影响

通过免疫荧光获得雌激素α、β受体在体外星形胶质细胞（Acrocyte,AC）中表达的形态学证据;CCK-8法获得脂多糖（Lipopolysaccharide,LPS）激发AC的适宜浓度。在此基础上,研究了17β-雌二醇（17β-estradiol,E2）对AC的细胞活性、细胞周期和超微结构的影响。结果显示：E2作用AC 48h,10nmol/L E2可提高AC细胞活性和G2＋S%（P〈0.05）,而100,1 000nmol/L E2可降低AC细胞活性（P〈0.05）,100nmol/L E2还可降低G2＋S%（P〈0.05）;100nmol/L E2作用AC 24,48,72h,均可降低AC细胞活性和G2＋S%,以作用48h时抑制作用最强（P〈0.05）;10nmol/L E2可引起AC线粒体数量增加,细胞核分裂增多,但线粒体、粗面内质网结构正常,而100nmol/L E2可导致AC线粒体肿胀或空泡化,粗面内质网扩张或断裂。结果表明,低浓度（10nmol/L）E2促进AC增殖;高浓度（100,1 000nmol/L）E2抑制AC增殖。     

辽宁地区樗蚕的生物学特性及人工饲育技术研究

樗蚕(Samia cynthia Walker et Felde)是一种珍贵的泌丝及食用昆虫资源。通过室内及野外人工饲育的方法,观察分布在辽宁地区的樗蚕的形态特征和生活习性,发现与分布于其它地区的樗蚕存在不同程度的差异。辽宁地区的樗蚕年发生1-2代,喜食臭椿(Ailanthus altissima)、山花椒(Zanthoxylum schinifollum)、枣树(Zizyphus jujube)、黄檗(Phellodendron amu-rense)等的树叶,幼虫4眠5龄,龄期经过25-37d,饲料种类不同可造成龄期差异;以蛹滞育。人工饲育樗蚕可采用小蚕室内育,大蚕野外育的饲养形式;种茧保护可采用柞蚕(Antheraea pernyi)的种茧越冬保护技术与方法,春季种茧出库后在温度20～23℃、相对湿度75%～85%的条件下暖茧,成虫交配时间超过4h的卵孵化率较高;樗蚕的主要病害有细菌性软化病、白僵病、微粒子病,春、秋季野外饲养的樗蚕易被蚕饰腹寄蝇(Blepharip azebina)寄生危害。樗蚕茧丝的纤度为1.80～3.60dtex,茧层丝胶练减率平均为25%,茧丝中的丝素蛋白约78%。     

华蟾毒精对胃腺癌细胞MGC-803作用的研究

研究华蟾毒精（cinobufagin,CBG）体外对人胃腺癌细胞MGC-803的抑制作用,并初步探讨其抗肿瘤的作用机制。MTT法测定CBG对胃腺癌MGC-803细胞的生长抑制情况;采用光镜观察CBG对人胃腺癌细胞MGC-803形态的影响;流式细胞术检测CBG对MGC-803细胞的抑制作用、细胞周期及细胞早期凋亡的影响。一定浓度范围内CBG对MGC-803细胞的增殖有剂量、时间依赖性抑制作用;光镜下可见细胞形态明显发生变化,细胞变圆,分泌颗粒增多,细胞折光性下降,大部分细胞脱壁;流式细胞仪检测MGC-803细胞,G1期细胞减少,大量细胞停滞在G2/M期,凋亡细胞增多。CBG对MGC-803细胞的抑制作用与诱导其细胞阻滞及凋亡密切相关。     

武汉市规模猪场粪水资源化利用典型模式探析

为有效控制规模猪场生产中产生的粪水对环境的影响,加快推进规模猪场粪水资源化利用,促进一、二、三产业融合,文章立足于武汉市规模猪场粪水资源化利用实际,选取规模猪场粪水资源化利用典型模式进行分析,以期为提高规模猪场粪水资源化利用提供借鉴.     

A comparison of the adrenal cortical response to ACTH stimulation in Angora and non-Angora goats

The adrenal cortex is believed to be implicated in the high incidence of abortion in the Angora goat. Stimulation testing with adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) was used to assess the adrenal cortical function in 5 Angora does from herds with a history of abortion and 5 non-Angora does. An acute test involving a single intramuscular (i.m.) injection of 0.25 mg of synthetic ACTH was given during anoestrus, at mid-oestrus, on day 90 and on day 120 of gestation. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein at 30 min intervals for 1 h before and 5 h after injection. Cortisol concentrations rose within 30 min and returned to baseline values within 3.5 h. Cortisol production was lower (p<0.01) in the pregnant state compared to the non-pregnant state in both groups. Production of cortisol was consistently lower (p<0.05) in the Angora does compared to the non-Angora does during anoestrus and pregnancy and marginally so at mid-oestrus. A chronic stimulation test involving once daily injections of 0.5 mg of a depot form of ACTH i.m. for 7 days commencing on day 90 of pregnancy was also conducted. Cortisol concentrations rose to reach a peak on the third day of treatment in both groups. The values then declined in the Angora does despite continued ACTH treatment, while those for the non-Angora does exhibited a second peak. During and following this treatment, two non-Angora does delivered live kids (day 95, day 120). Out of 7 Angora pregnancies, one Angora doe aborted two dead fetuses at day 116. No significant difference in the cortisol response in the acute test was detected between the animals that aborted and their respective cohorts, but the two non-Angora does that aborted had significantly lower cortisol concentrations during depot ACTH administration. Progesterone and oestradiol levels did not differ between Angora and non-Angora animals during pregnancy or on the test days. The results suggest that the steroidogenic response of the adrenal cortex to ACTH stimulation is significantly less in Angora does with a history of abortion than it is in non-Angora does and support the view that the Angora goat would make a more limited adrenal cortical response to a stressful occurrence during pregnancy.     

草地生态系统碳循环研究进展

随着全球气候变化和陆地生态系统碳循环研究的发展,碳循环正成为草地生态系统研究的热点.本文在介绍其研究发展过程、主体内容和方向的同时,对目前的研究动态和研究方法进行系统的概述,重点分析了目前国内外草地生态系统碳循环过程研究、机制研究、研究方法及模型的发展动态,并对今后草地生态系统碳循环和相关研究提出了建议.     

The localization and expression of epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in bovine ovary during oestrous cycle

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is one of the important regulatory factors of EGF family. EGF has been indicated to effectively inhibit the apoptosis of follicular cells, to promote the proliferation of granulosa cells and the maturation of oocytes, and to induce ovulation process via binding to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). However, little is known about the distribution and expression of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary especially during oestrous cycle. In this study, the localization and expression rule of EGF and EGFR in cattle ovaries of follicular phase and luteal phase at different time points in oestrous cycle were investigated by using IHC and real-time qPCR. The results showed that EGF and EGFR in cattle ovary were mainly expressed in granulosa cells, cumulus cells, oocytes, zona pellucida, follicular fluid and theca folliculi externa of follicles. The protein and mRNA expression of EGF/EGFR in follicles changed regularly with the follicular growth wave both in follicular and in luteal phase ovaries. In follicular phase ovaries, the protein expression of EGF and EGFR was higher in antral follicles than that of those in other follicles during follicular growth stage, and the mRNA expression of EGFR was also increased in stage of dominant follicle selection. However, in luteal phase ovaries, the growth of follicles was impeded during corpus luteum development under the action of progesterone secreted by granular lutein cell. The mRNA and protein expressions of EGF and EGFR in ovarian follicles during oestrous cycle indicate that they play a role in promoting follicular development in follicular growth waves and mediating the selection process of dominant follicles.     

氮、磷养分添加对高寒草甸土壤酶活性的影响

本试验以典型的青藏高原高寒矮嵩草草甸(Kobresia humilis meadow)为研究平台,以表征土壤碳、氮、磷、硫养分循环的6种土壤酶为研究对象,研究土壤酶以及土壤速效养分在4年氮、磷养分添加的累积效应下的变化规律,分析和评价氮、磷养分添加对土壤养分循环方面的影响。试验结果为:氮、磷养分添加改变了土壤中速效养分的含量;氮添加与010 cm土层中的碱性磷酸酶活性有正效应,磷添加抑制了010 cm土层中的碱性磷酸酶活性;氮、磷养分添加均抑制了010 cm土层中的脲酶活性;氮添加抑制了2个土层中的纤维素酶活性;芳基硫酸酯酶活性和蔗糖酶活性没有表现出显著差异性;1020 cm土层中的几丁质酶活性在氮、磷养分添加处理下均增强,其中磷添加对几丁质酶活性的增幅最显著。结果表明:外源添加的氮在调控磷的矿化方面有促进作用,磷的添加对氮素的释放也有一定的作用;青藏高原高寒草甸受磷限制的程度可能更大。     

砷污染区黄牛和水牛姐妹染色单体交换和细胞周期动力学的研究

本文以外周血淋巴细胞姐妹染色单体互换(SCE)频率和细胞周期动力学为指标,以较长期(4～13年)生活在砷污染区的黄牛和水牛为对象,对砷在动物体内慢性蓄积所诱发细胞遗传学效应进行了研究。其结果表明,砷污染区黄牛和水牛SCE频率均显著高于对照组,参照有关评价标准,可判为弱阳性,提示在当地污染水平下,黄牛和水牛都诱发了一定程度的细胞遗传学效应。对细胞周期动力学的观察结果表明,砷对黄牛和水牛没有明显的细胞毒性。本试验还报告了正常黄牛和水牛外周血液淋巴细胞SCE的自发频率以及培养72小时各期细胞的正常比率。