甘草总黄酮对金黄色葡萄球菌的作用研究

为了研究甘草总黄酮对金葡菌的抗菌活性以及亚抑菌浓度的甘草总黄酮对金黄色葡萄球菌α-溶血素分泌的影响。首先,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定了甘草总黄酮对6株金葡菌标准菌株的最小抑菌浓度;其次,采用溶血试验、蛋白免疫印迹试验以及荧光定量PCR试验分别在表型功能、蛋白表达和基因转录3个层次确证了其对α-溶血素表达的影响。结果表明：甘草总黄酮具有良好的抗金葡菌作用,其最小抑菌浓度范围为4~16 μg/mL,而亚抑菌浓度的甘草总黄酮能浓度依赖性地降低金葡菌α-溶血素的分泌。     

驾车接近隧道过程中驾驶员的适应亮度变化规律

在驾车接近隧道过程中,驾驶员的适应亮度随视野内景物的变化而变化。基于驾驶员视觉适应进行隧道照明设计需要掌握驾驶员在接近隧道过程中适应亮度的变化规律,为此,以4座隧道为测试对象,对驾驶员在不同时段驾车接近隧道过程中距隧道一个停车视距内不同位置处的适应亮度进行了实测研究。结果发现,驾驶员在不同测试时段接近同一隧道过程中,其适应亮度变化规律基本相似;驾驶员在接近隧道的过程中,适应亮度逐渐降低,但其适应亮度的降低不是线性的,从驾驶员距隧道洞口20~30 m开始,适应亮度下降的速率变大。     

白银市土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

为了明确白银市土地利用状况与生态系统服务价值之间的关系,进一步确定白银市各土地利用类型对生态系统的影响程度。本研究选择当量因子法评价白银市2009—2017年土地利用状况、生态系统服务价值以及两者之间的关系。结果表明:（1）2009—2017年,白银市生态系统服务价值总量从56.75亿元下降到56.49亿元,总体呈下降趋势,各项生态系统功能和生态系统服务都呈下降趋势;草地生态系统服务价值减少了2549.18万元,减少最多,人口对生态系统负荷呈减轻趋势;（2）白银市土地利用类型对生态系统服务价值具有较大的影响,主要受建设用地增加较多,草地和林地面积减少影响较大,在以后的发展中,要从保护生态用地、挖掘存量建设用地方面,探索出一条生态优先、绿色发展的新路子。     

Mode-Superposition Method for Passive Energy Dissipation Structures

The methods of equivalent linearization of different energy dissipation devices are different in analyzing passive energy dissipation structure including different type of energy dissipation device by using of mode-superposition response spectrum method based on equivalent linearization, which results in the differences in computing accuracy and cost in dynamic analysis. For structures separately installed different energy dissipation devices, authors utilize relatively uncoupled mode-superposition method and complex mode-superposition method for contrast analysis, and probe into the suitability of the two methods in the dynamic analysis of passive energy dissipation structure. Numerical results show that complex mode-superposition method could be better for structure with viscous dampers in order to guarantee accuracy, and relatively uncoupled mode-superposition method is recommended for structure with viscoelastic, metallic or frictional ones.     

超声萃取-气相色谱法测定棉花秸秆中邻苯二甲酸酯

为了研究PAEs在棉花秸秆中的含量以及积累,将棉花秸秆分为棉桃壳（上段）、近地段（下段）和远地段（中段）三部分分别进行超声萃取处理后,经过柱分离和固相萃取小柱净化后,采用GC法对其所含环境类激素（PAEs）的含量进行分析。结果表明：6种PAEs采用GC分析法在一定范围内呈良好的线性关系,6种物质分离度高;棉花秸秆中PAEs的最高总量为158.86 mg/kg,其中DEHP、DIBP、DBP在三部分中均存在,DEHP含量在棉花秸秆中达到了125.300 mg/kg,也是6种PAEs中最高的,棉花秸秆中段是PAEs的富集区。     

矿粉粒度及反应温度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁的影响

基于对50根弯曲破坏钢筋混凝土圆柱低周反复试验结果的分析,建立了完整滞回环的数学表达式并推导得出等效阻尼比计算模型;以双柱墩桥梁为例,说明了建立桥梁整体结构等效阻尼比与墩柱端部塑性铰等效阻尼比关系的方法。研究表明,完整滞回环数学表达式较好地反映了弯曲破坏钢筋混凝土圆柱的滞回特性,得到的等效阻尼比模型计算结果与试验结果符合较好;采用建立的桥梁整体结构等效阻尼比与墩柱端部塑性铰等效阻尼比的关系进行pushover分析更能反映实际情况。采用等效阻尼比模型算得的目标位移与基于Rosenblueth模型和Kowalsky模型算得的位移之间存在较大差距。     

混凝土拉压强度尺寸效应的细观非均质机理

为了从材料细观非均质角度揭示混凝土强度尺寸效应机理,建立了混凝土细观单元等效非均质力学模型,开展了立方体抗拉、抗压强度尺寸效应细观数值模拟研究。研究结果表明：混凝土强度尺寸效应根源于材料细观非均质性,随着模型尺寸的增加,混凝土材料细观单元弹性模量变异系数增大,材料细观非均质性增强,大尺寸模型内部存在更多的低强度单元或缺陷,导致混凝土立方体抗拉、抗压强度降低,极限应变减小,脆性增大;混凝土损伤破坏由少量集中区域,发散扩展形成多条非贯通的裂纹带;数值模拟结果与尺寸效应实验数据相吻合。     

Generating and reducing video summary with adaptive CCV and equivalent relation clustering

It is very essential to extract representative frames in the process of generating video summary. A method is proposed which analyses the color features of the video frames, sets the connectivity threshold values automatically according to the contents, extracts the color coherence vectors (CCV) and then performs adaptive clustering based on equivalent relation. After global partition, local partition was revised with time sequential features. The whole process does not need to set any threshold values. The experiments with diverse videos yields effective results.     

Changes in Hormonal Balance: A Possible Mechanism of Pre‐Sowing Chilling‐Induced Salt Tolerance in Spring Wheat

There is a lack of knowledge about factors contributing to the chilling‐induced alleviatory effects on growth of plants under salt stress. Thus, the primary objective of the study was to determine whether chilling‐induced changes in endogenous hormones, ionic partitioning within shoots and roots and/or gaseous exchange characteristics is involved in salt tolerance of two genetically diverses of wheat crops. For this purpose, the seeds of two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, MH‐97 (salt intolerant) and Inqlab‐91 (salt tolerant) were chilled at 3°C for 2 weeks. The chilled, hydroprimed and non‐primed (control) seeds of the two wheat cultivars were sown in both Petri dishes in a growth room and in the field after treatment with 15 dS m^?1 NaCl salinity. Chilling was very effective in increasing germination rate and subsequent growth when compared with hydropriming and control under salt stress. Results from field experiments clearly indicated the efficacy of chilling over hydropriming in improving shoot dry biomass and grain yield in either cultivar, particularly under salt stress. This increase in growth and yield was related to increased net photosynthetic rate, greater potential to uptake and accumulate the beneficial mineral elements (K⁺ and Ca²⁺) in the roots and reduced uptake and accumulation of toxic mineral element (Na⁺) in the shoots of both wheat cultivars when grown under salt stress. Salt‐stressed plants of both wheat cultivars raised from chilled seed had greater concentrations of indoleacetic acid, abscisic acid, salicylic acid and spermine when compared with hydropriming and control. Therefore, induction of salt tolerance by pre‐sowing chilling treatment in wheat could be attributed to its beneficial effects on ionic homeostasis and hormonal balance. The results presented are also helpful to understand the chilling‐induced cross adaptation of plants in natural environments. Moreover, efficacy of pre‐sowing chilling treatment over hydropriming suggested its commercial utilization as a low risk priming treatment for better wheat crop production under stressful environments.     

苦参种子发芽特性研究

对苦参种子硬实的最佳破除方法、最适发芽的温度、光照条件及盐浓度对种子萌发的影响进行了研究.结果表明:98%浓硫酸处理、烫种和砂纸磋磨处理均可提高苦参种子的发芽率,其中以98%浓硫酸处理40min为最佳处理方法;25℃为苦参种子发芽的最适温度,光照条件非苦参种子萌发的必备条件;适量的NaCl(＜5 g/L)有利于提高苦参种子的发芽势和发芽率,高浓度的NaCl(＞7 g/L)则明显抑制种子萌发.