DEA模型评价物流企业综合效率的应用分析

采用C2 R模型和C2 GS2 模型对8家物流企业的综合效率进行了评价。结果表明:8家物流企业的规模收益基本上是较差的,只有2家企业达到规模经济,5家企业的技术有效。分析结果比较符合实际,不仅为企业找出了存在的问题,而且还指明了调整的力度,有助于物流企业提高自身管理水平,增强竞争实力。     

蜡杨梅与杨梅种间嫁接及亲缘关系分析

【目的】研究蜡杨梅与杨梅的嫁接亲和性及亲缘关系,为杨梅扩展栽培提供参考。【方法】连续3年在浙江余姚滩涂上(土壤pH8. 01),以蜡杨梅和杨梅为砧木,以4种主栽品种‘荸荠种’‘东魁’‘夏至红’和‘水晶种’为接穗的种间嫁接,并基于SSR对蜡杨梅和杨梅进行亲缘关系鉴定和聚类分析。调查各砧穗组合的嫁接成活率及相关指标。【结果】杨梅砧穗组合的嫁接成活率为:70. 08%～83. 75%,其中‘夏至红’接穗的嫁接成活率最高(81. 98%),‘荸荠种’次之(80. 43%);蜡杨梅砧穗组合的嫁接成活率为27. 51%～38. 29%,其中,‘东魁’接穗的嫁接成活率最高(34. 88%);杨梅砧穗组合的嫁接成活率极显著高于蜡杨梅砧穗组合。不同组合间的T-test显示:蜡杨梅砧穗组合BQ4-6、DK4-6和SJ4-6分别在冠径、干周和植株高度等指标上显著性高于杨梅砧穗组合。6个指标的相关性分析显示:2个砧木群体在连续3年的试验中,嫁接成活率与植株高度和冠径之间均存在显著性正相关,砧木高度与植株高度均呈现显著性负相关。利用127对SSR标记对2个砧木及4个接穗材料进行了多态性检测,聚类分析后分为3个群体,蜡杨梅与杨梅的种间亲缘系数为0. 31,杨梅砧木与‘夏至红’亲缘关系最近,与‘荸荠种’次之;蜡杨梅与‘东魁’亲缘关系最近;与嫁接成活率的表现一致,亲缘关系越近成活率越高。【结论】蜡杨梅砧木与杨梅接穗间存在一定的亲和性,而且更适合生长在碱性土壤中。     

楸树优良种质资源的AFLP遗传多样性分析

为研究44份楸树种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,利用AFLP分子标记技术,对采自鲁豫地区的44份楸树优良种质进行了分析。结果表明:筛选出的8对PstI/MseI引物组合从44份楸树种质中共扩增出1087条清晰条带,其中多态性条带(NPB)1043条,多态性比率(PPB)达到95.60%。平均每对引物可扩增出135.88条带和130.38条多态性带。每个位点的平均有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s平均基因多样性(H)、Shannon平均信息指数(Ⅰ)分别为1.3210、0.2003和0.3204,且8对引物组合共产生261条特异性条带,表明楸树资源间具有丰富的遗传多样性。通过计算种质间遗传相似系数和进行UPGMA聚类分析得出,各种质材料间的遗传相似性系数在0.5022~0.7919间,平均为0.6527。以遗传相似性系数0.65为界44份楸树种质可划分为5组,其中第1组包括15个山东种质和2个河南种质;第2组包括18个山东种质和3个河南种质;第3组包括3河南种质;第4组包括1个河南种质;第5组包括2个河南种质。这表明不同地理生态条件造就了各种质材料间丰富的遗传多样性,其遗传多样性以及亲缘关系与其地理分布并不完全一致。综上,AFLP标记技术能较好的揭示楸树种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,可为楸树优良种质资源的收集、鉴别及利用提供参考依据。     

基于逐步聚类与GIS结合的县级林业区划方法研究

以福建省永安市为例,分别以村和林班为基本单元,应用空间分析方法对永安市林业区划因子数据进行了提取,探讨了基于逐步聚类与GIS结合的县级林业区划方法以及县级林业区划的基本单元等问题。     

企业最优资本结构研究

资本结构是指企业各种长期资金筹集来源的构成及其比例关系,资本结构是财务管理和实践中的一个极其重要的问题,也是企业筹资决策的核心问题。本文分析了影响企业最优资本结构的因素,提出了确定最优资本结构的方法,并对优化企业资本结构提出了对策。     

科技创新是提高我国木工机械企业市场竞争力的根本途径

阐述了中国木工机械企业应坚持以科技创新提升企业市场竞争力,人才和体制创新是实现企业创新及提升市场竞争力的根本途径.提出科技创新的基本定义和实现方法,指出我国企业市场竞争力提升的最佳方向.介绍了国外企业如何依靠科技创新开发新产品来提升市场竞争力,为企业推出具有创新品牌的产品指明了方向.     

米槁实生苗苗木分级研究

对苗圃内生长1年的米槁实生苗进行出圃前的质量调查,在调查精度为95%的基础上,分析了影响米槁苗木质量的相关因子。以苗高、地径为分级指标,运用SPSS17.0软件进行聚类分析得出米槁实生苗苗木分级标准,Ⅰ级苗为D≥0.83cm、H≥87.6cm,Ⅱ级苗为0.83cm≥D≥0.57cm、87.6cm≥H≥76.4cm,Ⅲ级苗为D0.57cm、H76.4cm。为米槁苗木生产中的质量判别和分级拣选提供了科学的依据。     

10种常绿阔叶树种理化性质的研究

常绿阔叶树种是森林的主要植物种类,具有含水率高的特点。选择石栎Lithocarpus glaper、拟赤杨Alniphyllum tortunei、冬青Ilex chinensis、樟树Cinnamomum philippinense、木荷Schima superba、罗浮栲Castanopsis fabri、山杜英Elaeocarpus decipiens、甜槠Castanopsis eyrei、苦槠Castanopsis sclerophylla、油茶Camellia oleifera 10种常绿阔叶树种,采集不同树种的树叶、树枝和树皮,烘干粉碎后在室内进行理化性质的测定分析,以不同树种器官的含水率、热值、燃点、木质素、粗纤维、粗灰分、粗脂肪7个指标作为评价因素,对10个树种的抗火性进行聚类分析,结果表明:抗火性强的是冬青;抗火性较强的有3种,由强到弱依次是油茶、山杜英、拟赤杨;抗火性一般的有2种,由强到弱依次是苦槠、石栎;抗火性较弱的有4种,由强到弱依次是木荷、樟树、甜槠、罗浮栲。研究结果能为防火树种的筛选提供理论依据。     

Analysis and Assessment on Heavy Metal Contamination in Cotton Seeds of Hunan Province

[Objective] In order to guarantee the quality and safety of cotton products and to explore the feasibility of alternative planting, the contamination condition of the heavy metals in cotton seeds in Hunan province was investigated and evaluated. [Method] Fifty-six cotton seed samples, collected in 6 counties of Hunan province, were collected to determine 6 indicators including cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, mercury and inorganic arsenic contents. This was followed by pollution index calculation, correlation analysis, and cluster analysis. [Results] The range of comprehensive pollution indexes of Junshan district, Anxiang county, Nanxian county, Wangcheng and Dingcheng districts varied between 0.366 5–0.577 0, which belonged to a secure level. However, the single pollution indexes of Hengyang county are relatively high. The comprehensive pollution index of Hengyang county was 0.801 6, meaning a mild pollution level. [Conclusion] The pollution status of cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, mercury and arsenic in Hunan cottonseed samples are generally acceptable. Cotton could be a substitute for rice on contaminated soil.     

Screening of Ethiopian sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) landraces for their performance under Striga hermonthica ‐infested conditions

Striga hermonthica is a major constraint to sorghum production and productivity in sub‐Saharan Africa, Ethiopia, in particular. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of 49 sorghum genotypes based on their reaction to S. hermonthica and investigate the relationships among yield and Striga resistance traits, including the Striga emergence count, area under Striga number progress curve, area under Striga severity progress curve, grain yield under infested, grain yield under non‐infested conditions and relative yield loss. The genotypes differed significantly in all measured parameters under Striga‐infested and non‐infested conditions. The genotypes ‘Birhan’, ‘Gubiye’, Wolegie, Zegerie, Nechmashila I, Woftel, Tetron and Eyssa were identified as promising ones based on grain yield and Striga‐related traits. On the other hand, the genotypes Jamyo, Bobie, Gedido, Mankebar and Zengada had moderate Striga numbers with low relative yield loss as compared with susceptible checks. The most promising variety, Zegerie, Mankebar and Zengada, out yielded the standard resistant checks ‘Birhan’ and ‘Gubiye’ under Striga infestation. Ward cluster analysis grouped the 49 sorghum genotypes in to four distinct clusters under Striga‐infested conditions. All members of clusters II and III showed the highest yielding group with the lowest to moderate Striga number, while cluster IV supported the lowest yield with the highest Striga number. Significant negative correlations were observed between yield‐ and Striga‐related traits. Highly significant and strong correlations were observed among Striga resistance indices, indicating that any of the Striga resistance parameters can be used as an indicator of resistance. The wide variations in grain yield among genotypes under Striga‐infested conditions would be invaluable genetic resources for production in Striga endemic areas of Ethiopia.