Effect of hemolysis on canine kaolin‐activated thromboelastography values and ADVIA 2120 platelet activation indices

Background: The impact of hemolysis on thromboelastography (TEG) and platelet activation indices has not been evaluated. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hemolysis induced mechanically (HM) and hemolysis induced by freezing (HF) on TEG, platelet counts (PLT), and platelet activation indicators. Methods: Blood from 17 dogs was divided into the following samples: controls, HM, and HF. HM was induced by 20 repetitions of expulsion of blood through a 23 g needle. Freezing was at −80°C, followed by warming to 37° and dilution with equal parts room temperature blood at 22°C. TEG variables that were examined included reaction time (R), coagulation time (K), angle (α), maximum amplitude (MA), and clot rigidity (G). Platelet indices were measured with the ADVIA 2120 hematology analyzer. Results: Hematocrit (HCT) (mean±SD) for controls, HM, and HF were 0.41±0.02, 0.39±0.03, and 0.25±0.02 L/L, respectively, consistent with decreases in HCT of 4.8% (HM) and 39.0% (HF). HM resulted in decreased R (2.5±0.9 minutes compared with 5.2±1.9 minutes for controls; P<0.001), and HF resulted in increased K (15.2±8.6 minutes compared with 5.3±4.0 minutes in controls; P<0.01) and decreased α (20±11° compared with 46±17° in controls; P<0.001). MA was decreased more in HF samples (26±2 mm) than in HM (38±8 mm) or control samples (49±9 mm; P<0.0001). The same applied to G values. PLT decreased after HM but not after HF. Hemolysis of both types resulted in decreased mean platelet component (MPC) concentration: control, 19.3±2.0, HM 15.5±3.4, and HF 14.3±0.7 g/dL (P<0.0001). Conclusion: In hemolyzed samples decreased MPC and R suggested activated primary and secondary hemostasis, respectively, but decreased MA and G indicated reduced clot firmness, possibly due to hyporeactive platelets. TEG and platelet activation indices should be interpreted cautiously after hemolysis.     

He-Ne激光对增强UV-B辐射后小麦幼苗多胺含量及多胺氧化酶活性的影响

摘要：采用He-Ne激光辐照对增强UV-B辐射后小麦幼苗的损伤修复作用进行了研究。小麦种子在盛有湿滤纸的培养皿内25℃下进行萌发。萌发后小麦幼苗在经10.08kJ?m-2?d-1的增强UV-B辐射,然后再用10mW?mm-2的He-Ne激光进行辐照。通过小麦幼苗叶片多胺含量、多胺氧化酶活性及膜脂过氧化物的变化，测定了He-Ne激光对小麦UV-B损伤的修复情况。结果表明，多胺、多胺氧化酶、膜脂过氧化物的变化同小麦幼苗损伤的修复的能力相关联。He-Ne激光辐照可使由增强UV-B辐射后诱导叶片升高的多胺含量降低。增强UV-B辐射对多胺氧化酶活性和膜脂过氧化物呈促进的作用。显示He-Ne激光对多胺氧化酶由于增强UV-B辐照造成的伤害有一定的修复。     

Fenton氧化-混凝-活性炭吸附联合工艺处理酚醛树脂废水

采用Fenton试剂氧化-混凝-活性炭吸附联合工艺处理酚醛废水，考察了废水初始pH，H2O2投加量，[Fe^2＋]／[H2O2]，反应时间和温度及混凝液pH，混凝剂质量浓度，吸附剂质量和吸附时间对处理过程的影响，探讨了废水的降解途径和机理。结果表明，在体系初始pH4，温度40℃，H202投加量800mgm，[Fe^2＋]／[H2O2]=0．1，反应时间60min，混凝液pH为8及混凝剂质量浓度为500mg／L，吸附剂用量30g，吸附时间60min的条件下，废水的COD去除率为97．85％，挥发酚去除率为99．75％，甲醛去除率为99．81％，可为后续的生物处理提供良好的前提．     

生猪养殖场废水处理工程设计与运行调试

采用厌氧—好氧—混凝沉淀工艺来处理高浓度养猪场废水。结果表明:经过该工艺处理后,原水COD由12 000 mg/L降为98 mg/L,SS浓度由4 500 mg/L降为20 mg/L,NH4+-N由1 160 mg/L降为59 mg/L,去除率分别为99.18%,95.56%和94.91%,达到《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB 18596—2001)中规定的排放标准。该工艺具有工程造价低、易于管理等优点。     

油田产出液中产甲烷菌的分离与特性初步研究

采用改良的Hungate厌氧技术以新疆油田区块采出水为接种物,分离出一株产甲烷菌,并评价利用其生理活动及代谢产物来提高原油采收率。该菌经过分离后进行液体纯培养,500ml培养液培养4周后累计产气量达300ml,气相成分经气相色谱检测为甲烷。这在油藏中能够增加地层压力,有利于提高微生物采油效果。     

Inactivation of Heparin by Cationically Modified Chitosan

This study was performed to evaluate the ability of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), the cationically modified chitosan, to form biologically inactive complexes with unfractionated heparin and thereby blocking its anticoagulant activity. Experiments were carried out in rats in vivo and in vitro using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) tests for evaluation of heparin anticoagulant activity. For the first time we have found that HTCC effectively neutralizes anticoagulant action of heparin in rat blood in vitro as well as in rats in vivo. The effect of HTCC on suppression of heparin activity is dose-dependent and its efficacy can be comparable to that of protamine-the only agent used in clinic for heparin neutralization. HTCC administered i.v. alone had no direct effect on any of the coagulation tests used. The potential adverse effects of HTCC were further explored using rat experimental model of acute toxicity. When administered i.p. at high doses (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight), HTCC induced some significant dose-dependent structural abnormalities in the liver. However, when HTCC was administered at low doses, comparable to those used for neutralization of anticoagulant effect of heparin, no histopathological abnormalities in liver were observed.