高加索三叶草×白三叶胚萌发条件的探索

以六倍体高加索三叶草Trifolium ambiguum与四倍体白三叶T.repens为亲本,通过远缘杂交,采用组织培养手段对杂交胚的萌发条件进行探索.结果表明:以高加索三叶草为母本、白三叶为父本,在花期8:00-9:00授粉,授粉后12～13 d取胚,用质量分数10%NaClO灭菌6.5～7 min,在不加任何外源激素的改良MS培养基上,胚萌发率最高,达8%.高频扩繁时,再附加0.25 mg/L 2,4-D+0.50 mg/L 6-BA可获得较高萌发率.     

2011年龙眼挂果率高的气象成因分析

通过对2010/2011年度玉林市龙眼秋梢抽生期—开花着果期的农业气象条件进行诊断分析,得出2011年挂果率高的主要原因是：2010年8—9月份的光温水条件配合较好对秋梢抽生相当有利,紧接着从10份开始出现了秋、冬、春三季连旱,冬季和早春的气候也比较寒冷,在干旱和寒冷的双重作用下,非常有利于控制冬梢和促进花芽分化,也有利于抑制抽穗期间“冲梢”现象的发生,因此成花情况普遍良好;由于2011年开花期比正常年景偏迟了将近1个月,因此很好地避过了正常年份开花着果期的低温阴雨天气,使得2011年出现了花多果也多的喜人景象,挂果率是最近几年中最好的一年。在今后的龙眼生产中,应根据龙眼的开花结果习性和玉林市的气候特点,采取一些相应的对策,加强管理,以最大限度地提高挂果率。     

百脉根种子硬实处理与耐藏性的探讨

地百脉根种子硬实用不同方法处理和对不同贮藏时间种子耐藏性的测定结果表明：贮藏１年种子含硬实率５９．３％。经擦破种皮或硫酸浸种处理，硬实率明显下降，发芽势，发芽率显著提高；种子随贮藏期的增长，硬实率明显下降，其发芽势，发芽率，活力指数以及直播出苗率，幼细苗存活率等亦随贮藏时间的延长而下降；种子电导值则随贮藏时间的延长而增大。     

“青大1号”紫花苜蓿叶蛋白提取条件优化

为了开发新的食用蛋白质资源,本试验以“青大1号”紫花苜蓿新品系青干草为原料,采用酸化加热法配合加盐法提取叶蛋白.单因素试验设计,分别考察料水比、加盐量、絮凝时间、pH、预浸时间、絮凝温度6个因素对粗蛋白质提取率的影响,并以单因素试验结果为依据,采用四因素（料水比、加盐量、絮凝时间、pH）三水平L9（34）正交试验设计进行提取工艺优化.试验结果表明：影响粗蛋白质提取率的因素,从大到小依次为料液比、絮凝时间、pH、加盐量.当絮凝温度为70℃、料液比为1∶10、加盐量1％、絮凝时间5min、pH为4时是叶蛋白提取的最优提取条件.     

不同刈割时间收获后的羊草、芦苇水分和呼吸的变化

以多年生草本植物羊草和芦苇为实验材料,研究1d中不同时间（9∶00、13∶00、17∶00）刈割后含水量、气孔导度及呼吸速率的变化。结果表明：（1）羊草、芦苇刈割后水分散失均经历三个阶段：快速失水1d,缓慢失水2～3d,平稳期1d。芦苇叶片呼吸速率下降快,刈割5h后呼吸微弱,接近死亡;羊草叶片呼吸速率下降慢于芦苇,刈割7h后仍存在生理活动;（2）依据水分散失和呼吸代谢指标,三个刈割时间中,9∶00刈割能最大程度地减少干草调制过程中的养分损失,有益于制作优质干草。     

Follicular dynamics during the pre-ovulatory and subsequent first follicular wave stages affect the pregnancy outcome in Japanese Black cows

The diameters of the pre-ovulatory follicles (PF) and the largest follicle during the subsequent first follicular wave (W1LF), and plasma estradiol-17β (E₂) concentrations were monitored on Days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 (ovulation = Day 1). Pregnancy was diagnosed on Day 30. Cows were classified into two groups according to the location of the dominant follicle ipsilateral (IG) or contralateral (CG) to the corpus luteum on Day 7. From Days 3 to 7, some follicles that had been determined as the subordinate in the previous examination exceeded the W1LF located in the opposite ovary in terms of the diameter. These were defined as switching (SW), whereas others were defined as non-switching (NSW). The diameter of PF was significantly smaller in pregnant (P) animals than in non-pregnant (NP) animals. The plasma E₂ concentration on Day 0 was significantly higher in P animals than in NP animals and tended to be higher in NSW than in SW. In addition, plasma E₂ concentrations around Days 3 to 7 tended to be higher in P animals of NSW than in NP animals of SW. The conception rates did not differ between IG and CG but were significantly higher in NSW than in SW. In the IG group, the conception rate tended to be higher in NSW than in SW.     

0~4周龄云岭红肉鸡赖氨酸适宜需要量的研究

试验通过分析饲粮不同赖氨酸水平对云岭红肉鸡生长性能、氮沉积率及血液生化指标的影响,确定云岭红肉鸡饲粮赖氨酸的适宜需要量。采用单因素试验设计,将180只健康状况良好、体重相近的1日龄云岭红肉鸡随机分为5个处理组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只鸡。5组试验鸡饲喂的饲粮赖氨酸水平分别为0.85%、0.95%、1.05%、1.15%、1.25%。结果表明:赖氨酸水平对试验鸡的期末体重、全期增重、平均日增重及料重比有显著影响(P<0.05),当赖氨酸水平为1.15%时期末体重最大739.21 g,全期增重最大701.66 g,平均日增重最大24.19 g,料重比最低1.68。不同赖氨酸水平对丝氨酸、甘氨酸和组氨酸的表观代谢率影响显著(P<0.05)。对血清总氨基酸和血清尿素氮影响显著(P<0.05)。研究表明,0~4周龄云岭红肉鸡适宜赖氨酸水平最适量为1.15%。     

Examining the evidence for ecologically sustainable ostrich breeding practices on natural veld in the Little Karoo,South Africa

Land degradation in the Little Karoo is extensive. Overstocking of breeding ostriches on natural veld has been among the main causes of this. The National Department of Agriculture has set a general stocking rate of 60 ha LSU^?1 as a guideline for livestock on natural veld in the Little Karoo, which equates to 22.8 ha ostrich^?1. The aim of this review is to examine the scientific principles, data and assumptions the current recommended stocking rate for breeding ostriches on natural veld in the Little Karoo is based on and to investigate if there is a stocking rate (or range of stocking rates) that has been demonstrated to be ecologically and/or economically sustainable. We found no evidence that the recommended stocking rate of 22.8 ha ostrich^?1 is economically or ecologically sustainable in the Little Karoo. Most studies only addressed a single dimension of sustainability, and stocking rates deemed to be economically sustainable were several times higher than ecologically based recommendations. Given that economic and ecological objectives appear irreconcilable on open veld, an industry switch from extensive to intensive breeding practices may be a solution. Further research is required that integrates the socio-economic and ecological aspects of ostrich farming in the Little Karoo.     

Long-term Electrocardiography Recording with Holter Monitoring in 15 Donkeys

The heart rates (HR) and rhythms of 15 healthy donkeys of various ages, both sexes, and various breeds were analyzed throughout 24-hour Holter monitoring. The animals were evaluated at rest in their daily environment without the presence of investigators causing stress, using a three-channel digital Holter recorder. Analysis revealed a maximal HR range from 62.5 to 93.7 beats/min (mean, 72.50 ± 7.51 beats/min), whereas the minimal HR ranged from 29.7 to 42.2 beats/min (mean, 34.90 ± 4.22 beats/min). The daily mean HR was 47.55 ± 3.70 beats/min. The daytime mean HR was 49.39 ± 2.77 beats/min, whereas the night time rate was 46.22 ± 4.38 beats/min. Sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia were detected in 7 and 10 of 15 studied donkeys, respectively. Cardiac dysrhythmias due to high vagal tone such as sinoatrial heart block and second-degree atrioventricular heart block were occasionally recorded in 1 and 3 donkeys, respectively. A higher mean HR and fewer cardiac dysrhythmias were observed in donkeys than in horses and ponies at rest. These findings could be justified by differences in the autonomic nervous system tone.