大银鱼卵细胞粘丝扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察了大银鱼的第Ⅲ时相，第Ⅳ时相，第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞和受精卵的卵细胞粘丝的外部形态特征和它们的粘性，并讨论了卵细胞粘丝的功能。     

Quinone Binding Sites of Membrane Proteins as Targets for Inhibitors

Quinones are a central component of most photosynthetic and respiratory electron transfer chains. The proteins that reduce and oxidise these quinones have quinone binding sites—Q sites—that are good targets for pesticides. This paper reviews the diversity of these sites, their possible structure, and the types of compounds that act upon them.     

猪附红细胞体的形态学观察

应用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对猪附红细胞体显微结构和超微结构进行观察。结果显示,附红细胞体属典型的原核生物,多数为大小不等的球形、卵圆形、杆状等多形态生物体,直径为0.2μm~2.5μm,常在红细胞表面或血浆中单个或成团寄生。该病原无细胞壁,由单层界膜包裹着,无明显细胞器和细胞核。附红细胞体通过一些细丝连接到红细胞膜上,使红细胞膜表面出现皱褶、突起、凹陷,导致红细胞结构和功能改变。     

印度谷螟成虫喙的感器及分布

为了很好地理解印度谷螟成虫取食适应性,利用扫描电子显微镜观察其口器的超微形态及感器种类和分布。印度谷螟成虫口器与其他螟蛾口器相似,由小的上唇,左、右下颚的外颚叶嵌合形成的喙,3节的下唇须组成。口器感器主要分布于喙管上,共有4种感器:刺形感器、毛形感器、锥形感器和栓锥形感器。毛形感器数量最多,大量分布于整个喙管;栓锥形感器仅位于喙的端部;锥形感器分布于喙的外表面端部区域和食道内侧,纵向排列。雌雄虫间差异主要表现为,栓锥形感器雌虫较雄虫数量多,锥形感器在食道内雌虫多于雄虫。     

灰茶尺蠖触角感器的扫描电镜观察

使用扫描电子显微镜对灰茶尺蠖Ectropis grisescens成虫触角感器的种类、形态和分布进行了观察。结果表明:灰茶尺蠖触角上主要存在3种感器,分别为毛形感器(sensilla trichodea, ST)、刺形感器(sensilla chaetica, SC)和栓锥形感器(sensilla styloconica, SS)。感器的种类和分布在雌雄成虫触角上没有差异。     

中国蛤蜊鳃的光镜与扫描电镜观察

用光镜和扫描电镜观察了中国蛤蜊鳃的组织学和表面结构。所有鳃丝的组织结构均相同。鳃丝上皮按结构与功能可区分为4个区带：前纤毛柱状细胞区、侧纤毛柱状细胞区、粘液细胞区和扁平细胞区。前纤毛和侧纤毛分别与食物的运送和呼吸水流的产生有关。扁平细胞为呼吸上皮，其结构有助于气体交换。相邻鳃丝通过成排的、含有血管的丝间连接连系。     

草鱼出血病的电镜观察

草鱼出血病是由呼肠孤病毒感染所致的急性传染病，由于病鱼小血管受损引起全身性出血，并造成内脏器官和体壁肌肉组织局灶性病变。电镜观察表明病变细胞内各种细胞器的数量较正常细胞显著减少，形态结构也遭损坏。质膜的三层结构模糊不清，及至解体消失。与机体代谢密切相关的粗面内质网、滑面内质网、线粒体和高尔基复合体的数量减少及结构受损，使蛋白质、糖类和脂质合成及分解等一系列细胞代谢活动不能正常进行，加速了病鱼死亡。     

花䱻卵母细胞发育的组织学和超微结构观察

2015年7月至2017年10月在河南省驻马店宿鸭湖水库采集花?(Hemibarbus maculatus Bleeker)雌鱼样本190尾,体长7.12～32.21 cm,体重10.55～330.22 g,采用组织学和扫描电子显微镜技术观察了花?卵母细胞发育各时期的特征。结果表明,花?卵母细胞发育可分为5个时相,第I时相卵母细胞处于卵原细胞增殖阶段;第Ⅱ时相卵母细胞处于初级生长阶段,出现滤泡膜;第Ⅲ时相卵母细胞出现皮质液泡,细胞质膜之间形成放射带;第Ⅳ时相卵母细胞处于大生长后期,卵黄颗粒增多。电镜下观察发现放射带表面形成微孔状结构,核仁外排,可能与卵母细胞内营养物质积累有关;第Ⅴ时相卵母细胞中细胞核消失,卵母细胞发育为成熟卵子,与卵膜脱离,准备排卵。繁殖季节,花?卵巢成熟系数达到13.78%～17.04%。研究结果可为花?人工繁殖和育种工作提供参考。     

Plasma membrane of trout spermatozoa: I. Isolation and partial characterization

The plasma membrane from spermatozoa of rainbow trout was isolated by four techniques: sonication, hypotonic shock, mechanical homogenization after freeze-thawing, and nitrogen cavitation, in combination with continuous sucrose gradient centrifugation. Nitrogen cavitation (900 PSI, 20 min equilibration at 4°C) was the most effective technique.Following nitrogen cavitation, four bands were recovered in the sucrose gradient at densities 1.03, 1.05, 1.09 and 1.15 g/ml. Electron microscopy revealed membrane vesicles of various sizes in bands 1 to 3, while enzyme analysis revealed a 3.9 to 5.5-fold enrichment in 5'-nucleotidase and little contamination by lactate dehydrogenase (cytosol) and succinic dehydrogenase (mitochondria). Lipid analysis of bands 1 and 2 indicated a 6 to 7-fold enrichment in cholesterol and a cholesterol: phospholipid ratio of 0.59–0.70. Seven classes of phospholipids were present in bands 1–3 with no significant differences observed among bands. These data indicate that the vesicles (in bands 1 and 2) obtained after nitrogen cavitation are primarily plasma membranes. Membranes in band 3 appear to be slightly contaminated with nuclear membranes.Most of the plasma membrane proteins were acidic to neutral. The 2 main membrane proteins were 42 and 30 Kilodaltons.