土石坝压煤开采对水库安全运行的影响

以某水库土石坝下的压煤开采工程为背景,结合其他矿区压煤开采的实测结果,应用概率积分法的数学模型进行了开采沉陷变形预计,研究了土石坝由于地下开采而引起的变形和破坏特征以及对土石坝的安全产生的影响。通过数值模拟以及水文计算的结果分析,开采沉陷变形对水库的防洪安全产生了很大的影响。     

成丝工艺参数对梗丝形态及有效利用率的影响

为了改善梗丝形态分布,提高丝状梗丝比例,采用正交试验,考察物料水分、压梗间隙和切梗丝宽度对丝状梗丝比例、梗丝物理质量的影响,确定成丝工艺参数组合;将梗丝以15%的比例添加到卷烟配方中,分析梗丝形态分布改善对梗丝有效利用率及卷烟物理质量的影响。结果表明,物料水分含量在29%~31%范围内波动对梗丝形态分布及物理质量的影响不显著,压梗间隙是影响梗丝形态分布及填充值的关键因素,切梗丝宽度是影响梗丝物理质量的关键因素。确定最佳烟梗成丝参数为物料水分含量30%,压梗间隙0.8 mm,切梗丝宽度0.18 mm;在最佳成丝条件下,丝状梗丝比例提高101.90%,片状梗丝比例降低49.00%,烟支中梗丝含量提高6.08%,标准偏差降低65.90%,端部落丝量降低15.15%,吸阻标准偏差降低21.15%,烟丝密度标偏降低16.56%。通过优化的成丝工艺参数,梗丝形态分布得到改善,卷烟物理质量及稳定性有所提高。     

新疆南疆棉农生产行为对土地退化影响分析

以2010年新疆南疆农户调查资料为基础,运用Logistic回归模型,对影响南疆土地退化的棉农生产行为进行研究.结果表明,棉农的文化程度、现有的棉花种植规模、作物种植模式、化肥的施用、地膜的残留、农业科技的培训与推广等因素对南疆棉田土地退化有显著影响.对此提出加大对棉农的教育与培训力度、优化棉花种植规模与模式、合理进行农资投入等措施以有效防治南疆土地退化.     

泥胡菜水提物的体外抗菌作用试验

采用试管预试法和圆形滤纸层析法对泥胡菜的化学成分进行分析,结果表明,泥胡菜含有生物碱、有机酸、蛋白质、多肽、氨基酸、酚性成分、鞣质、糖类等化学成分;用纸片法和试管法对泥胡菜水提取液进行体外抗菌作用试验,结果表明,泥胡菜水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌、链球菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌都有较强的抗菌作用.抑菌圈直径分别为19.66 mm±0.53 mm、13.45 mm±0.21 mm、15.84 mm±1.23 mm、12.78 mm±0.34 mm、12.43 mm±0.52 mm;泥胡菜水提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌、巴氏杆菌、链球菌、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)分别为0.063、0.125、0.25、0.125、0.25 g/mL.最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.063、0.25、0.5、0.125、0.25 g/mL.     

北京生态涵养区农民增收长效机制研究

介绍了北京生态涵养区农民增收的基本情况,分析了制约农民增收的主要原因,并提出了促进生态涵养区农民增收的长效机制。     

Mining Applicable Elite Alleles of Growth Duration,Plant Height and Panicle Number per Plant by Conditional QTL Mapping in Japonica Rice

Unconditional and conditional QTL mapping were conducted for growth duration (GD), plant height (PH) and effective panicle number per plant (PN) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between two japonica rice varieties Xiushui 79 and C Bao. The RIL population consisted of 254 lines was planted in two environments, Nanjing and Sihong, Jiangsu Province, China. Results showed that additive effects were major in all of QTLs for GD, PH and PN detected by the two methods, and the e...     

Census and effective population sizes of white‐spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis) in a fragmented landscape

Several habitat models have been proposed to predict population size for stream fishes and to guide habitat assessment and monitoring techniques. However, most models do not incorporate the potential advantage of molecular genetic markers. We conducted a field survey and microsatellite DNA analyses to quantify the relationships among genetic diversity, census/effective population size and habitat variables in fragmented populations of white‐spotted charr (Salvelinus leucomaenis). The census population size significantly increased with the stream length, the number of pools and a pool‐riffle sequence index, a proxy for channel‐unit habitat type complexity within reaches. Population density was correlated with the pool‐riffle sequence index only. Genetic diversity and effective population size were not correlated with the habitat variables or census population size. There was a lack of isolation‐by‐distance population structure in the studied populations. Our results suggest that stream length and the number of pools within reaches associated with habitat complexity are the habitat variables that explain the majority of variation in population size of white‐spotted charr. Our findings provide further evidence that census population size per se is a poor indicator of the inclusive genetic diversity within populations in a fragmented landscape.     

奶牛的有机锌应用效果研究进展

就有机锌对奶牛的营养作用效果、影响有机锌作用效果的因素进行综述。认为添加有机锌可提高奶牛的产奶性能、免疫机能、繁殖性能,改善体健康。同时影响有机锌作用效果的因素有:有机锌的产品质量、添加量和添加时期、饲料营养水平、参照物类型和评价指标等。     

接种高效根瘤菌对紫花苜蓿—禾本科混播组合生产性能的影响

利用筛选的高效根瘤菌接种紫花苜蓿,分别与高羊茅、无芒雀麦及1年生黑麦草混播。与对照相比,接种高效根瘤菌后,紫花苜蓿-高羊茅混播组合中苜蓿干草增产17.0%,高羊茅增产15.1%,总计增产16.3%;紫花苜蓿-无芒雀麦混播组合中紫花苜蓿增产14.0%,无芒雀麦增产51%,总生物量增产20.5%;紫花苜蓿-1年生黑麦草混播组合中,紫花苜蓿增产7.6%,1年生黑麦草干草产量比对照增产4.8%,总生物量增产6.8%。从LER(Land equivalent ratio)和CR(Competitive ratio)变化看,接种高效根瘤菌有利于提高LER值和禾本科作物的CR值。