Green tea polyphenols supplementation alters immunometabolism and oxidative stress in dairy cows with hyperketonemia

Peripartal cows often experience negative energy balance, and are therefore prone to suffering from metabolic diseases such as hyperketonemia, which causes financial losses in dairy farms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of green tea polyphenol (GTP) supplementation during the periparturient period on production performance, oxidative stress and immunometabolism in dairy cows with hyperketonemia. One hundred Holstein cows were assigned to GTP (0.2 g/kg DM; n = 50) or control (without GTP; n = 50) group based on body weight, previous milk yield, and parity on d 15 before expected parturition. Subsequently, 10 cows with hyperketonemia were selected from each group, according to blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentration between 1.2 and 2.9 mmol/L from 2 to 3 d postpartum. All cows were fed a close-up diet and a lactation diet with or without GTP supply from 15 d prepartum until 30 d postpartum. Milk and blood samples were obtained from 20 cows selected with hyperketonemia on 10, 20, and 30 d postpartum. Compared with control cows, greater milk yield and lower somatic cell count were observed in GTP cows. The GTP group had lower concentrations of BHBA, free fatty acids, cholesterol, triglyceride, reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide, greater concentrations of glucose, lower activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and glutamyl transpeptidase, alongside greater activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity. Additionally, GTP supplementation up-regulated concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, but down-regulated concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-2, interleukin-8, and interferon-γ in plasma. Greater concentrations of plasma immunoglobulin G were also detected in the GTP group. Overall, the data suggested that GTP supplementation from 15 d prepartum to 30 d postpartum improved the milk yield and health status in cows with hyperketonemia during early lactation.     

Design of Vision System Based on Service Robot

A vision system based on the service robot is involved. In the system, picture signal is acquired by the picture sensor OV7635. Frame memory AL422B is used as data buffer memory, while CPLD controlled the time order DSP performed. In the software system of image processing, to accomplish color image segmentation and recognition, the threshold vector judgment and improved seed-fill algorithm is introduced, and the image geometric moment is calculated during the segmenting. In order to achieve a vision servo system which composed of image-based feedback and adaptive compensation, the deduced matrix-based Jacobian from the image moment is taken as image feature. Adopted the TFT LCD is adopted to straightly disolav the result of vision recognition and vision tracing.     

河北省利用秸秆发电的现状研究

随着世界经济的发展,资源的短缺和环境的恶化成为各国关注的目标,同时解决这两个问题的一个有效方法是利用秸秆发电.河北省结合本地区经济发展情况和秸秆产出量与利用情况,首先在晋州市建立了秸秆发电厂.为此,阐述了秸秆发电的工作原理及其工作流程,分析了该地区建厂的可行性,进行了投资回收期和收益率的分析.最后得出了在晋州建立秸秆发电厂的可行性结论,为今后我国在各个地区建立秸秆发电厂提供了可靠的理论和数据依据.     

中华秋沙鸭巢址选择及孵化期活动节律

2005年4—5月,在碧水中华秋沙鸭自然保护区观测两个鸭巢,记录了巢的特征值,巢周围的环境因子以及孵化期雌鸭的活动节律。结果表明,雌鸭选择在靠近溪流的树洞营巢,对人为活动不敏感。两个巢距地面高度为10m左右,内径约为0.2m,其他特征值有较大差异。鸭巢距溪流的距离小于10m,距公路也很近。雌鸭每日外出觅食的时间比较稳定,孵化末期有一定波动。影响觅食行为的主要因素是天气,晴天觅食时间较长,外出次数也较多。每日清晨和午间觅食活动频繁,并集中在1d的2h之内。孵化期为23d左右。     

燕麦饲草多组分营养差异分析

为挖掘利用高营养燕麦饲草种质资源,将源自以色列不同地区的23份野生燕麦生态型和3份燕麦栽培品种种植于四川甘孜、贵州贵阳、四川成都3个环境,分别在抽穗期、灌浆期、成熟期进行刈割处理,并测定其酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤木质素(ADL)、纤维素(F)、半纤维素(HF)、木质素(L)、洗涤纤维中性...     

湖南柑橘大实蝇成虫生物学研究

对柑橘大实蝇成虫羽化期、田间消长规律及活动习性的研究,结果表明：1、三个观察点成虫羽化始见日至羽化高峰的时间都在5-10天左右,羽化期为16-19天,2011年麻阳的成虫始见日和羽化高峰期比2010年提前了5-8天,2011年长沙的羽化始见日和羽化高峰期都比麻阳稍早2-4天。2、成虫从羽化至基本死亡共持续84天。成虫在田间的始见日和高峰期分别处在5月下旬和6月中下旬,2010年成虫的田间始见日和高峰期都比2011年迟5至7天。3、成虫在交配产卵前,很少飞往柑橘树上,而在橘园及周围杂草或灌木丛中觅食、栖息;当气温超过30℃,成虫飞往橘园周边高大乔木或草丛中避暑,下午16∶00以后飞往柑橘树上产卵。     

浙江地区柑橘黑点病的防治研究

摘要：【目的】柑橘黑点病是柑橘的主要病害,严重影响柑橘果实外观品质。试验对各种药剂的效果进行评价,明确防治的适当时期,为浙江地区开展了柑橘黑点病的防治提供技术指导。【方法】通过选择波尔多液石灰倍量式 1：2：150、77%硫酸铜钙可湿性粉剂及克菌丹和自制的含百菌清的杀菌剂与80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂在田间进行防治效果试验,分析5到7月份用药对防治效果的影响。【结果】研究结果表明：5至7月进行防治是柑橘黑点病防治的关键,波尔多液石灰倍量式 1：2：150的防效接近于80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂600倍,具有较好的柑橘黑点病防治效果, 77%硫酸铜钙可湿性粉剂500倍对柑橘黑点病也有良好的效果,尤其是80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂600倍和77%硫酸铜钙可湿性粉剂500倍交替使用防效达到80%左右。【结论】波尔多液石灰倍量式 1：2：150或80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂是防治柑橘黑点病的有效药剂。     

A novel approach to estimating the competitive ability of Cirsium arvense in cereals using unmanned aerial vehicle imagery

Eight experiments were carried out in Denmark to determine the yield loss of spring barley due to Cirsium arvense in farmers' fields and to suggest and evaluate a novel approach for quantifying C. arvense infestation in large plots. Literature about the competitive ability of C. arvense is old, scattered and inconclusive, and existing models for estimating crop yield loss are based on data from North America. This study showed that C. arvense coverage could be quantified from unmanned aerial vehicle imagery using a manual image analysis procedure. This gave similar results as scoring the coverage. Yield loss of spring barley due to C. arvense infestation assessed at harvest was given by Y = 100·(1−exp(−0.00170·X)) where Y is the percentage of crop yield loss and X is the percentage of C. arvense coverage. The yield loss was much lower than estimates from models that have been developed in North America. It is speculated that the main reason for this is the later emergence of C. arvense than the crop due to lower soil temperatures in spring. Grain moisture increased linearly with C. arvense coverage: M = 0.0310·X where M is the proportional (%) increase in grain moisture and X is the proportion (%) of C. arvense coverage. Automated image analysis procedures are needed to estimate C. arvense coverage on field scales, and further experiments are needed to reveal whether the low competitive ability of C. arvense found in this study is representative for Northern Europe.