糖萜素与黄霉素对早期断奶仔猪生产性能和肠道菌群的比较研究

选用21日龄左右健康无病、初重基本一致的杜长大猪进行饲喂试验，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每重复8头猪，自由采食和自由饮水。试验设计为：第Ⅰ组为对照组，第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在每千克基础日粮中分别加入250、500 mg糖萜素，第Ⅳ、Ⅴ组在每千克基础日粮中分别加入250 mg糖萜素+4 mg黄霉素、4 mg黄霉素。结果表明：①第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组的平均末重较对照组分别提高4.00%、12.30%、5.21%、2.64%，平均日增重第Ⅲ组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与第Ⅱ、Ⅴ组相比，第Ⅳ组可提高饲料转化率，表明糖萜素与黄霉素具有一定的协同作用。②盲肠中大肠杆菌，各试验组均有一定的抑制作用，尤其是第Ⅳ组效果最好；结肠、直肠中大肠杆菌，试验组Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ显著低于对照组Ⅰ和Ⅴ（P<0.05），其中Ⅲ组大肠杆菌含量最低（P>0.05）。处理Ⅲ能显著增加盲肠中双歧杆菌数（P<0.05），处理Ⅳ能显著增加盲肠中乳酸杆菌数（P<0.05），各处理组与对照组相比，均能增加结肠和直肠中双歧杆菌数和乳酸杆菌数，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。     

Thyroxine in blood plasma related to plasma levels of acetoacetate and glucose in ketotic and healthy cows

Plasma samples were taken before morning feeding twice weekly for the first 3 months post partum from 28 individually fed cows, of which 8 developed clinical ketosis. Feed rations consisted of grass silage ad libitum and concentrates. The high incidence of ketosis may be accounted for mainly by substandard amounts of feed energy, and by variations in the quality of the grass silage. The following sources of post-partum thyroxine variation were found to be statistically significant (p less than 0.001): The individual cow, the individual pre-calving thyroxine level, metabolic status estimated by plasma levels of acetoacetate or glucose, and elapsed time from partus. The post-partum decrease in thyroxine was greater in cows which developed ketosis (55%) than at the corresponding stage of lactation in those which remained moderately ketonaemic (33%). Extensive overlapping of ranges nevertheless indicates that the apparent hypothyroidism of ketosis is of limited importance for the etiology of the disease. Susceptibility to ketosis was not related to the thyroxine levels observed before partus or after recovery from the disease, in the third month of lactation. Evidence was obtained of a common glucose threshold of about 3.6 mmol/l, below which decreasing sugar levels were accompanied by progressive increments in acetoacetate and decreases in thyroxine. Above the threshold level, the average level of the hormone increased from the first to the third month of lactation in spite of a poor correlation to glucose.     

Studies on In Vitro Flowering and Fruiting of Perilla frutescens

Influences of PGR, sucrose, and ammonium nitrate on in vitro flowering and fruiting from cotyledon explants of P. frutescens were studied. The regenerated shoots at 2-4. cm from cotyledon explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L^-1 BA and 1.0 mg L^-1IAA were excised and transferred to MS medium containing 30 g L^-1 sucrose, 8.25 g L^-1 ammonium nitrate, and 1.0 mg L^-1 BA. Following 40 d of culture, 86.2% of them flowered and set seeds. These seeds were germinable and developed into flowering plants in the fields. This study provides a simple system for rapid breeding of P. frutescens and studying the physiological mechanism of flowering of plants.     

籼型杂交早稻协优9279的选育与应用

协优９２７９是安徽省杂交早稻选育协作攻关组用协青早Ａ与恢复系Ｒ９２７９配组的籼型杂交早稻新组合。该组合具有熟期早、丰产稳产、米质较优、抗稻瘟性强等优点，适宜在安徽沿江双季稻区作早稻应用。１９９７年通过安徽省农作物品种审定委员会审定并定名为皖稻６５号。     

我国上市公司财务风险预警的实证分析

在对财务预警概念和功能详细阐述的基础上,介绍了常见财务风险的预警模型,其中着重介绍了奥特曼的“Z记分法”,并在此基础上以四家上市公司作为样本,对其财务风险进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,该模型在评价上市公司财务风险方面有较强的指导意义。     

The pattern and control of reproductive development in lychee: A review

Often there is no relationship between yield and flower production in lychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn,). This is because of the high rate of premature flower and, especially, fruit abscission between floral initiation and fruit maturation. There is the possibility that low female-to-male sex ratio, lack of pollinating insects, poor pollen transfer, low pollen viability and failure of pollen tube growth may also reduce fruit set, while poor fruit development may reduce final fruit size.Detailed studies are required on the effects of genotype and environment (temperature, soil moisture, humidity and mineral nutrition) on the growth and abscission of the flowers and fruit. Potential techniques for improving the setting and retention of fruit include varietal selection, withholding of nitrogen fertilization during flowering and early fruit growth (to reduce vegetative flushing), and the maintenance of plant moisture status (irrigation, overhead misting and windbreaks).     

两种酶制剂对早期断奶仔猪效果的比较

本试验旨在比较酶制剂八宝威和一种国产酶制剂对早期断奶仔猪的效果,涉及28±2日龄断奶的仔猪75头。在基础日粮中添加0.8公斤/吨的八宝威或1公斤/吨国产酶制剂,两次试验的综合结果是:在25天的试验期内,添加八宝威比国产酶制剂增重提高5.7％,饲料利用效率提高3％,经济效益也以添加八宝威较好。     

丝羽乌骨鸡新品系早期产蛋性能相关研究

在相同的饲养管理条件下,比较乌骨鸡6个品系之间的产蛋性能差异以及乌骨鸡早期产蛋性状之间的相互关系.结果表明①.丝羽乌骨鸡开产体重与开产日龄有显著的正相关(P＜0.01);②.2月产蛋和3月产蛋之间也成显著的正相关关系(P＜0.01);1月产蛋与开产体重和2月产蛋都相关显著(P＜0.05);③.品系对开产日龄和开产体重都有极显著的影响(P＜0.01),对3月产蛋有显著影响(P＜0.05);④品系间1月产蛋和2月产蛋的差异不显著(P＞0.05).     

The Effect of Seed-Tuber Physiological Age and Cultivar on Early Potato Production

Enhancing physiological aging of seed‐potatoes has the potential to substantially affect production, especially for short‐season growing areas. This study analysed the effect of seed‐tuber age and cultivar, jointly, to identify the combination for optimum early crop production, based on field experiments conducted at two locations in Nova Scotia, Canada. The potato cultivars Superior, AC‐Novachip, Niska, and Yukon Gold were aged by exposing seeds stored at 4 °C to warming periods of 0, 242 (3 weeks), and 484 (6 weeks) day‐degrees, prior to planting. Cultivar and age levels were completely randomized within each location and replicated four times. Harvest periods at 65, 80 and 95 days after planting (DAP) were analysed as an unbalanced split‐plot factorial, with year as a random blocking factor, location as a whole plot treatment, and cultivar and age crossed as subplot treatments. Total yield and marketable yield from Yukon Gold improved with physiological age when harvested early at 65 and 80 DAP, while that from AC‐Novachip improved when aged only 3 weeks. Niska was not affected by age. Overall, AC‐Novachip was consistently better than the remaining cultivars, regardless of age. The best treatment combination that maximized marketable yield was Yukon Gold aged 6 weeks planted at a commercial farm and harvested 95 DAP. For early harvest (65 DAP), however, AC‐Novachip aged 3 weeks and Yukon Gold aged 6 weeks generated the highest yields. Niska and Superior generated lower yield and higher culls.     

Factors Affecting Growth and Harvest Index in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties Differing in Time of Flowering and Maturity

Three varieties of Pea ( Pimm sativum L.) viz. EC33866 (early), P-116 (medium) and T-163 (late), differing in their flowering and maturity times, were taken for this study. The early variety recorded lower dry matter, CO₂ exchange rate and lower yield. The harvest index (HI) was the highest (44 %) in this variety. Though medium and late varieties did not differ significantly in dry matter accumulation and pod yield, they differed in their HI. The HI in the medium variety is 42 % but in the late variety it is only 36%.
The late variety maintained high leaf area, leaf dry weight, high shoot/root, shoot/nodule and root/nodule ratios, increased nodule dry weight and maximum glycolate oxidase activity. But acetylene reduction activity was low, and the harvest index was lowest. On the other hand, in the early variety the dry matter accumulation was lowest but HI was highest. The major reasons for high HI in this variety were translocation of photosynthates to reproductive organs and lower photorespiration as indicated by low glycolate oxidase activity.