Influences of dietary distillers dried grain level on growth performance,body composition and biochemical parameters of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary distillers dried grain (DDG) level on growth and body composition of juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Five diets (designated as DDG0, DDG7, DDG14, DDG21 and DDG28) were prepared to contain 0, 70, 140, 210 and 280 g kg^?1 DDG. Three replicate groups of fish averaging 11.6 ± 0.1 g were fed one of the diets for 8 weeks. Weight gain of fish fed diets containing 70–280 g kg^?1 DDG was not different to that of fish fed DDG0 diet (P > 0.05). Feed efficiency of fish fed DDG21 and DDG28 diets was lower than that of fish fed DDG0 diet (P < 0.05). The antioxidant enzyme and digestive enzyme activities were not affected by dietary DDG levels. The results of this experiment suggested that DDG is a valuable ingredient as a candidate to replace wheat flour in the diet and could be used up to 280 g kg^?1 for the growth of olive flounder. On the other hand, if lower feed efficiency of fish fed 210–280 g kg^?1 DDG is considered, up to 140 g kg^?1 DDG in diet is recommended for optimum feed utilization of fish.     

BA-1对猪血发酵的研究

以BA-1为发酵菌种,鲜猪血为原料,采用固体、通风发酵法生产发酵血粉。结果表明,产品含鱼体必需的10种氨基酸,蛋白质含量为36.77％,水溶性物质总量和水溶性蛋白质含量分别比发酵前提高48.3％和170.15％,游离氨基酸总量为普通血粉的14.06倍。其中,必需氨基酸为11.52倍。鲤对发酵血粉的消化率为86.32％。表明BA-1作为血粉发酵菌种,效果显著。     

漫谈餐桌插花花艺的设计与布置

餐桌插花花艺的设计与布置是随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高而兴起和发展的。本文通过对省级、国家级和洲级插花花艺大赛上餐桌插花花艺设计和布置的简述,介绍了部分优秀的作品,指出了存在的问题,提出了建议和思路,并简述了发展趋势。     

西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)研究进展*

 西花蓟马(Frankliniella occidentalis)属于缨翅目(Thysanoptera)昆虫,最初分布于美国西部,20世纪80年代开始迅速扩散至全球各大洲,目前已在69个国家和地区有报道,成为世界性害虫。F. occidentalis可以以持久性的方式传播番茄斑萎病毒属(Tospovirus)病毒,如番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt virus, TSWV);并且,F. occidentalis传播的病毒所造成的经济损失远远大于其本身所造成的损失。因此控制F. occidentalis的种群以及它的扩散是控制Tospoviruses的关键所在,有鉴于此,各国对F. occidentalis进行了深入的研究。主要论述了近年来F. occidentalis在生物学特征、室内饲养以及它和TSWV的互作关系等方面的进展。     

薄壳山核桃雄花花芽分化的解剖学研究

为掌握薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoinensis)雄花花芽分化规律,采用石蜡切片方法从显微水平上对浙江建德薄壳山核桃花芽发育过程各阶段特征进行观察,结果表明:3月中下旬分化初期,雄花芽与叶芽无区别;3月下旬鳞片分化期,花序基部逐渐形成突起,进入鳞片化阶段;4月上旬苞片分化期,雄花序自上而下形成弯月形苞片原基,花序顶部呈馒头状;4月中旬进入雄花原基分化期,由苞片基部逐渐形成突起状雄花原基;4月下旬雄蕊原基出现,形成雄蕊原基,产生花药;4月下旬至5月上旬花药分化形成期,花药内形成花粉囊,花粉散出,花序凋谢.     

河北省花卉产业发展现状与对策

针对河北省花卉业目前存在的问题,通过深入分析河北省发展花卉业的外部环境、发展趋势和内在的优势资源,提出了提高认识、制定扶持政策、依靠科技、培育龙头、完善市场体系、转变观念营造环境等发展思路和措施。     

Effect of dietary inclusion of various plant ingredients as an alternative for Sargassum thunbergii on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of different plant ingredients on growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber. In the first experiment, three replicate groups of the sea cucumber (average weight of 1.5 ± 0.05 g) were fed one of the seven experimental diets containing Sargassum thunbergii (CON), Undaria (UND), Laminaria (LAM), Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata (BRA), fermented soybean (FSB), distillers dried grain (DDG) and rice straw powder (RIC) for 10 weeks. After the feeding trial, survival was not significantly different among the dietary treatments. Specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumber fed the FSB diet (0.73) was significantly higher than that of sea cucumber fed the other diets (P < 0.05), except for the DDG diet (0.64). The lowest SGR was observed in sea cucumber fed the CON diet (0.14). Based on the result of the first experiment, the second experiment was conducted to determine the proper level of dietary DDG for growth of juvenile sea cucumber. Three replicate groups of sea cucumber (average weight of 1.6 ± 0.02 g) were fed one of the five experimental diets containing different levels (g kg^?1) of DDG (DDG0, DDG10, DDG20, DDG30 and DDG40) for 12 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among the treatments (P > 0.05). The best SGR was obtained in sea cucumber fed the DDG10 diet (10.1) and the value of sea cucumber fed the DDG40 diet (5.6) was the lowest (P < 0.05). The SGR of sea cucumber fed the DDG10 diet did not differ from that of sea cucumber fed the DDG20 diet (P > 0.05). Moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash contents of whole body in sea cucumber among the dietary treatments (P > 0.05) did not differ significantly at both experiments. Results of two feeding trial suggest that dietary inclusion with 100 g kg^?1 FSB or 100–200 g kg^?1 DDG may improve growth of juvenile sea cucumber, and especially DDG could be used as a good ingredient for the low‐cost feed formulation.     

东京野茉莉花色成分的初步研究

对东京野茉莉花色成分进行了初步的探究。结果表明:通过特征颜色反应和光谱扫描说明了其花瓣细胞内有异黄酮、儿茶精类,还有叶绿素a、b,可能含有胡萝卜素、黄酮类化合物,以及无色花色素,可能不含查耳酮或橙酮。     

超声波辅助提取木棉花多糖

利用超声波辅助提取木棉[ Gossampinus malabarica (Dc.) Merr.]花多糖,先考察了不同科液比、超声波功率、提取时间、提取温度和提取次数对木棉花多糖提取率的影响,然后利用正交试验优化木棉花多糖的提取工艺,并对结果进行分析.结果显示,木棉花多糖最佳提取工艺参数为,料水质量比1∶60、提取温度60℃、超声波功率250W、提取时间20 min、提取2次.