Follicular dynamics during the pre-ovulatory and subsequent first follicular wave stages affect the pregnancy outcome in Japanese Black cows

The diameters of the pre-ovulatory follicles (PF) and the largest follicle during the subsequent first follicular wave (W1LF), and plasma estradiol-17β (E₂) concentrations were monitored on Days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 (ovulation = Day 1). Pregnancy was diagnosed on Day 30. Cows were classified into two groups according to the location of the dominant follicle ipsilateral (IG) or contralateral (CG) to the corpus luteum on Day 7. From Days 3 to 7, some follicles that had been determined as the subordinate in the previous examination exceeded the W1LF located in the opposite ovary in terms of the diameter. These were defined as switching (SW), whereas others were defined as non-switching (NSW). The diameter of PF was significantly smaller in pregnant (P) animals than in non-pregnant (NP) animals. The plasma E₂ concentration on Day 0 was significantly higher in P animals than in NP animals and tended to be higher in NSW than in SW. In addition, plasma E₂ concentrations around Days 3 to 7 tended to be higher in P animals of NSW than in NP animals of SW. The conception rates did not differ between IG and CG but were significantly higher in NSW than in SW. In the IG group, the conception rate tended to be higher in NSW than in SW.     

有效微生物群对仔猪生产性能的影响初探

对产后母猪和断奶仔猪饲喂有效微生物菌群(EM),研究其对仔猪生产性能的影响。从产前7d开始给母猪基础饲料中添加5mL/kg的EM菌液,选产仔数不少于8头的3头母猪及其仔猪连续饲喂EM菌28d,仔猪进行断奶,统计母猪的增重、仔猪初生重、断奶重,仔猪成活率等,分析添加EM菌后对母猪生产性能的影响。在这24头断奶仔猪饲料中添加EM菌的饲料,饲喂至60日龄,统计仔猪的增重、采食量、料重比、发病数等,分析EM菌断奶仔猪生产性能的影响。另外选取3头同品种、同批次生产、产仔数相同的母猪及其仔猪饲料中不添加EM菌作为对照。结果表明,母猪产后日均采食量较对照组提高12.07%,仔猪的初生重较对照组提高15.90%,产活仔数提高了12.09%,断奶重增加9.09%,断奶头数增多20.99%,断奶成活率提高8.81%。断奶后仔猪试验组的平均采食量较对照组提高10.26%,料重比降低了7.14%,发病率下降了50.03%。说明EM菌对母猪和仔猪的生产性能均有提高作用,研究结果为EM菌在生猪养殖中的应用提供了基础资料。     

不同利用方式对东北羊草草地土壤微生物数量的影响

不同利用方式下(刈割和放牧),比较了羊草(Leymus chinensis)草地土壤微生物多样性(真菌、细菌和放线菌)及群落结构的数量变化。结果表明:土壤微生物的数量在不同利用方式下表现为:刈割草地>放牧草地,在不同植物群落中表现为:羊草群落>杂类草群落>碱茅(Puccinellia distans)群落。无论在刈割还是放牧区,真菌的分布为:羊草群落>杂类草群落>碱茅群落;细菌的分布为:杂类草群落>羊草群落>碱茅群落;放线菌为:羊草群落>杂类草群落>碱茅群落。土壤微生物随土层垂直递减分布,在土层0~15 cm土壤微生物分布最多。3类微生物中,细菌数量最大, 放线菌次之, 真菌最小。相关性分析表明,只在刈割方式下羊草群落(sp1)和碱茅群落(sp2)土壤的微生物数量与地上生物量显著相关(P<0.05),其余相关性均不显著。     

与年龄无关的马尾松优势高生长模型研究

目的 通过构建与年龄无关的理论生长方程,用于预测在年龄未知或不是有效影响因子时的马尾松人工林优势高。 方法 基于常用的Hossfeld IV、Lundqvist-Kolf、Richards、Schumacher等4个理论生长方程,推导其不含年龄因子的差分形式,构建与地位指数相关的可变参数、与年龄无关的马尾松优势高模型。 结果 在4种基础理论生长模型中,以Richards模型建立的与年龄有关的马尾松人工林优势高生长模型效果最优。与年龄无关模型的拟合精度均高于与年龄有关模型的拟合精度,Richards模型和Korf模型差分形式建立的与年龄无关的马尾松人工林优势高生长模型效果最优。在引入地位指数时,Hossfeld模型的拟合精度提高效果最明显,且以设定k为可变参数时,建立与年龄无关的马尾松人工林优势高生长模型效果最优。 结论 在异龄林或年龄难以获得时,与年龄无关的理论生长模型能够预测优势高的生长,将地位指数与可变参数建立函数关系代入模型拟合后,模型精度提高,可以更好地应用于预测林分生长。     

培养液中不同来源肽摄取规律的研究

利用体外批次培养研究了大豆肽、玉米肽和瘤胃肽的摄取规律.结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,3种肽的摄取量与摄取率均显著增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而摄取速率却显著降低(P＜0.01);当培养液中肽含量增加时,3种来源肽的摄取量显著增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),摄取速率显著提高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而摄取率却显著下降(P＜0.05).对于3种不同肽源来说,培养初期3种肽的摄取量和摄取率没有明显差异(P＞0.05),而摄取速率却存在差异,其中瘤液肽的摄取速率显著高于大豆肽和玉米肽.培养中后期肽含量较高时,瘤胃液肽的摄取量和摄取率显著高于大豆肽(P＜0.05)和玉米肽(P＜0.01);肽含量较低时,瘤胃液肽的摄取量和摄取率显著高于玉米肽(P＜0.05),但与大豆肽差异不显著(P＞0.05).结果表明,肽的来源和结构不同,其摄取规律也有异.     

瘤胃微生物体外降解不同来源肽的规律研究

通过体外试验分别研究36、72、144、216、324和450 mg·L-6个水平的大豆肽、玉米肽和瘤胃液肽在瘤胃微生物培养液中的降解规律.结果表明,随着培养时间的延长,3种肽的降解量均显著增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而降解速率却显著降低(P＜0.01);当培养液中肽含量增加时,3种肽的降解量显著增加(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),降解速率显著提高(P＜0.01或P＜0.05),而降解率却显著下降(P＜0.05).对于不同肽源来说,培养初期瘤胃液肽的降解量以及降解速率显著高于玉米肽,培养后期几种来源肽的降解量以及降解速率差异不显著.因此,肽的来源和结构不同,其降解规律也有差异.     

小麦主要显性矮源致矮力及遗传分析

选用7个显性矮源与11个普通小麦品种按不完全双列杂交,研究显性矮源对株高的致矮能力及遗传效应。结果表明：矮变1号致矮能力最强,奥尔森,矮苏3和西农02致矮能力较强,BAU-Rht21,BUA-Rht12和西农10的致矮能力较弱;西农02的致矮能力与奥与森,矮苏3相当,与矮变1号的致矮能力差异极显著,其致矮能力比矮变1号大为减弱,西农02不同于矮变1号,显性矮源所配组合F1代株高的狭义遗传力和广义遗传力都比较高,F1代株高主要受加性效应的影响,各显性矮源的加性效应值均为负效应,杂交父本的加性效应值除了91-27亲本的加性效应值为负效应外,其他亲本的加性效应值均为正效应;各个显性矮源F1代株高与杂交父本株高的相关系数均达显著或极显著相关,根据回归方程的预测,除了矮变1号以外,其他显性矮源F1代株高均可达到理想株高。     

医学图书馆知识管理

介绍了知识管理的概念和内容,医学图书馆实施知识管理的必要性,探讨了开展知识服务的具体措施,包括构建医学知识库和建立知识服务的渠道。     

Antitumor and Antimicrobial Potential of Bromoditerpenes Isolated from the Red Alga,Sphaerococcus coronopifolius

Cancer and infectious diseases continue to be a major public health problem, and new drugs are necessary. As marine organisms are well known to provide a wide range of original compounds, the aim of this study was to investigate the bioactivity of the main constituents of the cosmopolitan red alga, Sphaerococcus coronopifolius. The structure of several bromoditerpenes was determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. Five molecules were isolated and characterized which include a new brominated diterpene belonging to the rare dactylomelane family and named sphaerodactylomelol (1), along with four already known sphaerane bromoditerpenes (2–5). Antitumor activity was assessed by cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative assays on an in vitro model of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2 cells). Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against four pathogenic microorganisms: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Compound 4 exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (IC₅₀ 6.35 µM) and compound 5 the highest anti-proliferative activity on HepG-2 cells (IC₅₀ 42.9 µM). The new diterpene, sphaerodactylomelol (1), induced inhibition of cell proliferation (IC₅₀ 280 µM) and cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ 720 µM) on HepG-2 cells and showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (IC₅₀ 96.3 µM).     

东乡普通野生稻根际微生物群落特征研究

[目的]研究东乡普通野生稻（Oryza rufipogon Griff．）根际微生物群落特征。[方法]采用氯仿熏蒸浸提法测定根系微生物生物量碳、氮;采用平板稀释培养法测定群落组成;采用最大或然计数法测定微生物生理群。[结果]东乡野生稻根际微生物生物量碳、氮平均值分别为83．02和16．98mg／kg（土）,较普通栽培稻低;根际可培养微生物中细菌〉放线菌〉真菌;氮素生理群中氨化细茵〉好氧固氮菌〉反硝化细菌〉嫌气性固氮菌〉硝化细菌〉亚硝化细菌。[结论]东乡野生稻根际微生物群落组成与普通栽培稻相比有差异。