师宗县城行道树种评价与规划

从抗寒性、抗旱性、抗病虫害性、吸硫能力、滞尘能力、抗污能力、增氧能力、生长势、观赏性和养护费等10个方面对师宗县城行道树种进行分析与评价,得出了3个等级的道路绿化树种,并将其分别规划为骨干、基调和一般树种。     

地被植物在佳木斯城市绿化中的应用

地被植物在城市绿化中得到了广泛应用。在介绍佳木斯市自然条件的基础上,总结提出了佳木斯城市绿化中现应用的低矮灌木、宿根花卉、1～2a生草花和少量藤本植物等地被植物达60余种,并对常用的地被植物在城市园林造景、道路绿化、居住小区绿化、专属绿地绿化的现状进行了概述;同时对地被植物的发展前景进行了分析展望。     

准噶尔盆地植被群落物种多样性与沙漠化防治

基于准噶尔盆地南缘荒漠植被样方的调查资料,从不同类型群落的物种多样性及其与生境的关系等方面对该区域植被分布现状进行了分析,并且用相似性系数对不同类型群落采取的沙漠化防治措施的可行性进行了探讨。结果表明:调查区内主要分布着20种荒漠植物,无乔木,只有灌木和草本植物;采取人工补植的方式恢复荒漠植被宜在距离沙漠较远的区域进行;在远离居民生活区的区域布设围栏生态效果不明显;三芒草适于作为沙丘植被恢复的先锋物种。     

Allelochemical ethyl 2-methyl acetoacetate (EMA) induces oxidative damage and antioxidant responses in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Ethyl 2-methyl acetoacetate (EMA) is a novel allelochemical exhibiting inhibitory effects on the growth of marine unicellular alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum (P. tricornutum). Oxidative damage and antioxidant responses in P. tricornutum were investigated to elucidate the mechanism involved in EMA inhibition on algal growth. The increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents following exposure to EMA suggested that alga was suffered from oxidative stress and severely damaged. The decrease in cell activity and cellular inclusions suggested that cell growth was greatly inhibited. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxide (GSH-PX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) increased with the exposure concentration and decreased with the prolongation of exposure time. Cellular ascorbic acid (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) systems were also involved in resisting oxidative stress of EMA by altering the composition of AsA and GSH pools. EMA exposure increased the contents of AsA, GSH, dehydroascorbate (DAsA) and glutathione (GSSG). However, the regeneration rate of AsA/DAsA did not change obviously between treatments and the control, while that of GSH/GSSG decreased significantly under 14 mmol/L EMA exposure on the 3rd day. These results showed that EMA-induced oxidative damage might be responsible for EMA inhibition on P. tricornutum growth and cellular antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants were improved to counteract the oxidative stress.     

云南南瓜资源地理分布的多样性

云南地处高原山区、祖国西南边陲,南瓜资源丰富多样。本文重点阐述了南瓜在云南的主要分布区、资源种类及代表资源特性、不同地方的不同资源分布;并简要描述了迄今为止,云南对南瓜资源开发利用的现状。     

新疆植物特有种的地理分布规律

通过对新疆82个区划单位的植物特有种现状进行统计分析,结果表明：新疆植物特有种约271种,隶属38科119属。受气候影响,植物特有种的区域分布水热条件较优越的山地丘陵区显著多于荒漠平原区;天山、阿尔泰山、昆仑山及帕米尔高原的山谷为新疆植物特有种的集中分布区;塔里木盆地及吐鲁番—哈密盆地平原区因自然环境条件严酷,特有种分...     

Spotted wing drosophila infestation of California strawberries and raspberries: economic analysis of potential revenue losses and control costs

BACKGROUND: Economic costs of spotted wing drosophila (SWD) include yield and associated revenue losses, labor and material costs for monitoring and management and revenue losses due to the closure of export markets should fruit from SWD‐infested regions be banned by trading partners. This analysis focuses on two types of loss in the California raspberry and strawberry industries: yield losses in the absence of management, and insecticide material costs on a per treatment basis. It computes the cost of a specific management program for raspberries in California's Central Coast region. RESULTS: Insecticide material and application costs per treatment and the cost of the management program are small relative to the yield losses in the absence of management that are observed by growers, researchers and others in initial infestations. CONCLUSION: It is difficult to evaluate precisely the share of pest management program costs due to SWD because insecticides are sometimes used to manage multiple pests, and because labor‐intensive field sanitation efforts to control SWD are recommended practices already. Given these considerations, this analysis finds that the benefits to SWD management well outweigh the costs examined here. Evaluating the efficacy of managing SWD is essential in assessing the risks that SWD poses and the benefits of pest management programs. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

中华红叶杨的扦插繁殖技术

中华红叶杨叶片颜色春、夏、秋三季四色,既可以作为彩叶树种又可以作为用材树种,不仅集绿化、彩化、净化多种功能于一体,而且作为速生树种,经济效益显著。中华红叶杨的扦插繁殖技术要点：选地整地、剪取插穗、适时扦插,田间管理措施遵循及时浇水、中耕,松土锄草、摘芽修枝的原则。     

Hepatoprotective activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, captopril and enalapril, against paraquat toxicity

Paraquat is a highly toxic herbicide that is used in most countries without restriction. The cytotoxic action of paraquat is mediated by reactive radicals that are products of its metabolic reduction in cells. It has already been hypothesized that some angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (e.g., captopril and enalapril) could show antioxidant and radical scavenging activity through their structural thiol groups, increasing antioxidant enzymes production or nitric oxide synthesis. In this study the hepatoprotective effect of captopril and enalapril against paraquat induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity was evaluated in isolated rat hepatocyte. Subtoxic concentrations of captopril (0.2 mM) and enalapril (0.2 mM) significantly (p < 0.05) protected the hepatocytes against paraquat (2 mM) induced oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers including: cell lysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, mitochondrial membrane potential decrease, lysosomal membrane oxidative damage and cellular proteolysis. Moreover, we showed that non-thiol enalapril acts as well as thiol containing captopril at inhibiting oxidative stress cytotoxicity markers. Finally, our results support the hypothesis that it is the increase in nitric oxide synthesis and not the presence of the thiol group that accounts for the antioxidant activity of ACE inhibitors.     

双江县竹类资源及主要竹种竹材造纸性能评定

本文系统记载了双江县竹类资源及其分布情况,计有竹种11属23种,竹林面积4816.4公顷,竹材蓄积量36.93万吨。对5种主要竹种进行了造纸性能分析及综合评定,提出了适宜该区发展的优良竹种,可为该县竹业生产及纸厂建设提供可靠依据。