数字参考咨询服务的实践--NSTL网上专家咨询服务

数字参考咨询服务是网络环境下参考咨询服务发展的一种新形式。本文首先阐述了数字参考咨询服务的概念和主要形式 ,然后重点介绍了国家科技图书文献中心 (NSTL)网上专家咨询服务系统 ,对进一步提高NSTL网上咨询服务的水平提出了建议     

天山中段南北坡典型流域基流及其影响因素

采用滤波估算方法,对位于天山中段南北坡的开都河与玛纳斯河流域1958—2007年50 a的实测日径流资料进行基流分割,分析两流域基流变化特征。并利用两流域气象资料,分析气温和降水对两流域基流的影响。结果表明:两流域基流50 a来比较稳定,呈微弱的上升趋势。气温和降水在春季、夏季和秋季对两流域基流影响较为显著。气温对春季和秋季两流域基流影响均大于降水。气温和降水是开都河与玛纳斯河流域基流的重要影响因子,以雪冰融水为主要补给源的河流,气温是流域基流的决定性影响因素。     

基于无人机多光谱影像的完熟期玉米倒伏信息提取

以吉林省梨树县的玉米试验田为研究区,按受灾后完熟期玉米的状态将研究区分为倒伏、半倒伏和未倒伏3种类型。基于无人机采集的多光谱影像提取15种光谱指数和8种纹理特征,采用面向对象法、最大似然法和多元Logistic回归模型进行玉米倒伏信息的提取;而后通过目视方法选取400个样本点进行玉米倒伏信息提取结果的精度验证。结果表明：面向对象法精度最高,对玉米3种倒伏状态信息识别的总体精度为88.13%,Kappa系数为0.83。研究用于区分倒伏与未倒伏玉米的最佳光谱指数是归一化差异植被指数,对区分倒伏与半倒伏、半倒伏与未倒伏玉米贡献最大的特征均为对比度纹理特征。研究表明基于无人机多光谱影像的面向对象方法在对田块尺度玉米倒伏信息的精准识别中具有较大潜力。     

采用两自由度结构的最小拍无纹波控制系统

提出了一种基于两自由度控制器结构的最小拍无纹波控制系统的设计方法。通过有步骤地解两个刁番都方程来直接确定控制器的各个参数。这样所得到的最小拍无纹波控制系统在经过有限拍时间后，可以精确地跟踪预先给定任意函数类的参考输入信号。     

AN APPLICATION OF IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IMAGE ANALYSIS

An estimate of the thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue at differing positions around the body was required in a study examining body composition. To eliminate human error associated with the manual placement of markers for measurements and to facilitate the collection of data from a large number of animals and image slices, automation of the process was desirable. The open-source and free image analysis program ImageJ was used. A macro procedure was created that provided the required functionality. The macro performs a number of basic image processing procedures. These include an initial process designed to remove the scanning table from the image and to center the animal in the image. This is followed by placement of a vertical line segment from the mid point of the upper border of the image to the image center. Measurements are made between automatically detected outer and inner boundaries of subcutaneous adipose tissue along this line segment. This process was repeated as the image was rotated (with the line position remaining unchanged) so that measurements around the complete circumference were obtained. Additionally, an image was created showing all detected boundary points so that sites of measurement could be checked by visual inspection. This paper provides a detailed account of this macro, illustrates the effect of its components on the image, and the applicability of standard image processing techniques to veterinary imaging.     

Tolerance of four spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) varieties to weed harrowing

We investigated the tolerance to weed harrowing of four spring barley varieties and examined the possible interactions between varietal weed suppressive ability and two nutrient levels. Tolerance was defined as the combined effect of crop resistance (ability to resist soil covering) and crop recovery (the ability to recover in terms of yield). The weed harrowing strategy was a combination of one pre‐ and one post‐emergence weed harrowing. In terms of yield, the four varieties responded significantly differently to weed harrowing and the response depended on nutrient level. At the lower nutrient level, weed harrowing caused an increase in yield of 4.4 hkg ha⁻¹ for a strong competitor (cv. Otira), while there was no effect on yield at the higher nutrient level. For a weaker competitor (cv. Brazil), weed harrowing caused no change in yield at the lower nutrient level, whereas yield decreased by 6.0 hkg ha⁻¹ at the higher nutrient level. There were marked differences between the weed suppressive ability of the four varieties when not harrowed, with less pronounced but significant differences when harrowed. Weed harrowing did not change the weed suppressive ability of a variety. Varieties that are tall at post‐emergence harrowing and have increased density after pre‐emergence harrowing, are the ones that benefit most from weed harrowing.     

数字化图书馆建设中的著作权保护

数字化图书馆建设必然会面临诸多的著作权问题,本文详细讨论了数字化文献资源的复制权、传播权、演绎权保护问题,以及在图书馆数字化资源引进、数字文献服务以及互联网资源和公有领域文献资源利用方面涉及的著作权问题及应对策略。     

浅谈复合图书馆的起源与发展

随着数字化图书馆的产生 ,出现了数字化图书馆与传统图书馆并存发展的现象 ,我们把它们称为复合图书馆。本文从复合图书馆的起源、含义及地位、发展趋势几方面进行初步的探讨 ,进而阐明复合图书馆在一段时期内将是图书馆存在的基本形态。     

5种弥散神经内分泌细胞在鸭腔上囊中的表达特征

应用免疫组化技术并结合图像分析软件研究了胃泌素、β-内啡肽、胰高血糖素、5-羟色胺、生长押素在鸭腔上囊中的表达特征.结果显示鸭腔上囊小结相关上皮细胞呈胃泌素强阳性反应;滤泡间粘膜上皮呈β-内啡肽中强度阳性反应;淋巴滤泡皮质部有少量的β-内啡肽、胃泌素、5-羟色胺阳性细胞,呈中、强度免疫反应;淋巴滤泡髓质有胃泌素强阳性细胞;生长抑素和胰高血糖素均呈阴性反应.结果说明,鸭腔上囊中存在β-内啡肤、胃泌素、5-羟色胺弥散神经内分泌细胞,它们在淋巴滤泡皮质部的表达特征有利于其通过内分泌和旁分泌方式调节B细胞的发育.     

全国森林公安机关数字文献资源应用及共享需求调查分析

采用调查问卷方式,对全国森林公安数字文献资源应用现状及共享需求进行调查,对回收的数据做统计分析和归纳总结认为:在森林公安机关单位,虽然互联网数字资源的应用日趋明显,但传统纸质文献的运用还相当普遍;对数字资源的使用还有一定局限,获取渠道比较单一;在数字文献资源的建设和应用上还存在资金、人才、设施等诸多困难.为此,需进一步加大宣传普及力度,统一规划,多方努力,共同挖掘潜力,建立和完善共享机制.