基于太赫兹衰减全反射技术的花生霉变程度判别

为了能够可靠、快速、便捷地检测花生仁不同程度的霉变,研究了一种基于太赫兹时域光谱技术、分别结合误差反向传播(Back propagation,BP)神经网络算法与支持向量机算法(Support vector machine,SVM)的霉变花生定性分析方法。为排除不同样本带来的偶然性,实验随机采集花育36号、鲁花9号两个花生品种进行霉变培养。依据花生的感官特征与前人的研究经验,将花生分为正常、轻度霉变、中度霉变与严重霉变4类,采用太赫兹衰减全反射技术采集花生仁样本光谱(波段0. 3～3. 6 THz)。利用傅里叶变换方法对时域光谱信号进行频域变换并进行加窗处理,然后对所得频域信号进行光学常数吸光度与吸收系数的提取,得到样本的光学常数信号,并进行特征波段筛选。在此基础上分别建立BP神经网络定性分析模型与SVM定性分析模型。实验表明,BP神经网络模型对花育36号花生霉变模型的预测集识别正确率为88. 57%,对鲁花9号花生霉变模型的预测集识别正确率为91. 40%;Lib-SVM模型对两个品种花生霉变的二分类模型、3类霉变花生的三分类模型的预测集识别正确率均为100%。应用太赫兹时域光谱技术结合SVM算法检测霉变花生仁效果良好,具有一定的可行性。     

创新性花园建造活动具体实践与反思—以贵阳学院“拾梦小径”为例

指出了创新性花园建造活动集合了园林设计、植物、施工、养护管理四大专业课程群,整个建造活动可分为基地分析及方案设计阶段、实际营建阶段、养护管理阶段、最终评比阶段、活动评价与反思阶段六大步骤,让参与建造的同学真正体验了整个活动的全周期,充分培养了学生的综合实践、实训能力。     

一起母牛采食马铃薯皮引起亚硝酸盐中毒误诊案的思考

为切实加强动物中毒性疾病的诊断处置能力,防止因诊断失误、处置不当导致动物死亡现象的发生。本文就一起母牛采食马铃薯皮引起亚硝酸盐中毒误诊案的诊断处置过程进行讨论分析,提出了相应的诊断处置意见,供广大兽医同仁在实际诊断过程中借鉴应用。     

关于我校校定公共选修课程的思考

分别从教师和学生的角度对我校校定公共选修课程进行问卷调查,并就调查结果进行总结分析,找出我校校定公共选修课中存在的问题,提出改革的意见和建议。     

Suitability of common models to estimate hydrology and diffuse water pollution in North-eastern German lowland catchments with intensive agricultural land use

Various process-based models are extensively being used to analyze and forecast catchment hydrology and water quality. However, it is always important to select the appropriate hydrological and water quality modeling tools to predict and analyze the watershed and also consider their strengths and weaknesses. Different factors such as data availability, hydrological, hydraulic, and water quality processes and their desired level of complexity are crucial for selecting a plausible modeling tool. This review is focused on suitable model selection with a focus on desired hydrological, hydraulic and water quality processes (nitrogen fate and transport in surface, subsurface and groundwater bodies) by keeping in view the typical lowland catchments with intensive agricultural land use, higher groundwater tables, and decreased retention times due to the provision of artificial drainage. In this study, four different physically based, partially and fully distributed integrated water modeling tools, SWAT (soil and water assessment tool), SWIM (soil and water integrated model), HSPF (hydrological simulation program– FORTRAN) and a combination of tools from DHI (MIKE SHE coupled with MIKE 11 and ECO Lab), have been reviewed particularly for the Tollense River catchment located in North-eastern Germany. DHI combined tools and SWAT were more suitable for simulating the desired hydrological processes, but in the case of river hydraulics and water quality, the DHI family of tools has an edge due to their integrated coupling between MIKE SHE, MIKE 11 and ECO Lab. In case of SWAT, it needs to be coupled with another tool to model the hydraulics in the Tollense River as SWAT does not include backwater effects and provision of control structures. However, both SWAT and DHI tools are more data demanding in comparison to SWIM and HSPF. For studying nitrogen fate and transport in unsaturated, saturated, and river zone, HSPF was a better model to simulate the desired nitrogen transformation and transport processes. However, for nitrogen dynamics and transformations in shallow streams, ECO Lab had an edge due its flexibility for inclusion of user-desired water quality parameters and processes. In the case of SWIM, most of the input data and governing equations are similar to SWAT but it does not include water bodies (ponds and lakes), wetlands and drainage systems. In this review, only the processes that were needed to simulate the Tollense River catchment were considered, however the resulted model selection criteria can be generalized to other lowland catchments in Australia, North-western Europe and North America with similar complexity.     

新型FDR土壤水盐一体传感器标定研究与应用

运用新型频域反射(FDR)技术和分频技术,实现传感器水盐同时测量。因土壤质地、容重等差异,土壤水盐标定是利用FDR监测土壤水盐过程中的必要环节。以东北壤土为试验对象,利用"由湿到干,由小到大"的土壤水盐运动规律,通过土柱试验,用烘干法和土壤溶液电导率法对FDR进行室内标定研究。同时,将时域反射(TDR)式水盐传感器作为对照系,进行稳定性、精准度比较。结果表明:1)经土壤水分标定曲线校正后,FDR式水盐一体传感器具有很高的测量精度,可达±1%~3%;2)在土壤里对同一水盐含量进行百次重复测定,TDR传感器水分平均值为20.07%,相对标准偏差为0.18%;盐分(电导率)平均值为0.29 m S/cm,相对标准偏差为11.06%;新型FDR传感器水分平均值为20.08%,相对标准差为0.21%;盐分(电导率)平均值为0.31m S/cm,相对标准差为8.49%。新型FDR土壤水盐一体传感器可用于农田土壤连续水盐监测,提供稳定、精确的基础数据,结合数据分析软件,指导种植生产。     

盐胁迫下三角叶滨藜根系超滤特性的分析

对耐盐蔬菜三角叶滨藜(Atriplex triangularis)在盐胁迫下的蒸腾吸水量、Na+吸收和根系径向反射系数进行了测定,分析其根系超滤特性与植物耐盐性的关系。结果表明,随着盐胁迫强度的增加,三角叶滨藜的Na+吸收量逐渐增多、蒸腾吸水量和根系径向反射系数则逐渐降低;但以根外溶液盐浓度为基础的Na+相对吸收量却呈降低趋势,同时进入木质部的Na+的量也不随根的径向反射系数的减小而显著增多。说明三角叶滨藜在盐胁迫下一方面通过改变根系的超滤特性,降低根系径向反射系数来防止木质部拉力过大导致的木质部空化的危险,另一方面通过减少对盐分的吸收来避免盐分过多积累对植株的伤害。     

Light Reflecting Characteristics of Building Materials and Energy Saving of Nightscape Luminance

In order to realize energy saving of urban nightscape luminance, power consumption was studied with the change of urban luminance. Based on energy consumption indicator(LPD) of 8.9 W/m2, it was calculated that about 0.84W more energy consumption would be for 1 cd/m2 increase of luminance. The effect of 1 to 2 cd/m2 increase was hard to distinguish for human’s visual function under urban nightscape, while the energy consumption was great. Under the same lighting condition, the reflecting characteristics of building surface materials could affect directly the luminance of nightscape. With the study of the reflecting characteristics of different building surface materials, an illumination calculation model for building was proposed based on the formulation of CIE.     

加强修缮购置专项资金预算执行管理的几点思考

加强财政专项资金的预算执行管理,是当前财政专项资金管理工作的重要部分,也是提高财政专项资金使用效益的关键点之一。如何切实加强预算执行管理,提高预算执行进度,是一个值得深入探讨研究的问题。该文以修缮购置专项资金为例,通过对专项资金预算执行的过程梳理,分析了影响预算执行进度的关键因素,并提出了加强预算执行管理的建议。     

基于Net技术的GIS插件式架构在丽江烟草地理信息系统中的设计实现

 随着GIS系统应用环境的日趋复杂,传统的组件式开发方式已难以适应GIS应用开发的需求。基于Net Framework和ArcEngine技术,提出了一种有效实用的GIS插件式开发解决方案。通过在丽江烟草地理信息系统中应用验证,提出的基于Net和ArcEngine技术的插件式架构能够满足常见的GIS任务,并具有良好的实用性和可扩展性。