鸡β-防御素3(Gal-3)基因的克隆、表达及抑菌活性研究

【目的】克隆和表达鸡β-防御素3(Gal-3)基因,并对其抑菌活性进行研究,为寻找替代抗生素的抗菌肽提供试验依据。【方法】利用RT-PCR方法,从鸡心脏中分离并克隆了鸡Gal-3基因,将其与分子伴侣基因SUMO相融合,再将该融合基因与原核表达载体pET-20b连接后转化至BL21(DE3)宿主细胞中,经IPTG诱导后,对表达产物进行SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析;最后,对Gal-3融合蛋白进行纯化,并对表达产物进行体外抑菌试验。【结果】通过RT-PCR扩增获得了约240bp的鸡Gal-3基因,经IPTG诱导获得约26ku的蛋白。IPTG在终浓度为0.6mmol/L,33℃诱导4h,诱导时菌体A600为0.6,蛋白表达量最高,且多数以可溶形式存在,33℃上清中的蛋白含量比37℃上清高。纯化的蛋白对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有明显的抑菌活性。【结论】成功克隆并表达了鸡Gal-3基因,其原核表达产物对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌具有一定的抑菌活性。     

甘蓝型油菜防御素基因的克隆与表达分析

植物防御素具有广谱抗菌活性,不仅具有抗真菌、抗细菌、蛋白酶抑制和昆虫淀粉酶抑制等活性,而且参与调节植物的生长和发育。本研究根据白菜防御素基因序列设计引物,从甘蓝型油菜中克隆获得5个防御素基因,其c DNA全长325~461 bp,含有177~243 bp开放阅读框,编码58~80个氨基酸,含有8个保守Cys残基,具备Knot1功能域。系统进化分析表明,Bn PDF2.1、Bn PDF2.3、Bn PDF2.5与拟南芥PDF2亲缘关系较近,可能具有蛋白酶抑制活性。荧光定量分析表明,防御素基因具有组织表达特异性,在花蕾和叶中表达量较高,角果中次之;经1 mmol L–1水杨酸处理开花期油菜2 h后,防御素基因在茎、花蕾、角果中的表达量均有不同程度的上调,但在叶中表达有所下调,在根中表达无明显变化。     

Functional Diversification of Oyster Big Defensins Generates Antimicrobial Specificity and Synergy against Members of the Microbiota

Big defensins are two-domain antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that have highly diversified in mollusks. Cg-BigDefs are expressed by immune cells in the oyster Crassostrea gigas, and their expression is dampened during the Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), which evolves toward fatal bacteremia. We evaluated whether Cg-BigDefs contribute to the control of oyster-associated microbial communities. Two Cg-BigDefs that are representative of molecular diversity within the peptide family, namely Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5, were characterized by gene cloning and synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis and native chemical ligation. Synthetic peptides were tested for antibacterial activity against a collection of culturable bacteria belonging to the oyster microbiota, characterized by 16S sequencing and MALDI Biotyping. We first tested the potential of Cg-BigDefs to control the oyster microbiota by injecting synthetic Cg-BigDef1 into oyster tissues and analyzing microbiota dynamics over 24 h by 16S metabarcoding. Cg-BigDef1 induced a significant shift in oyster microbiota β-diversity after 6 h and 24 h, prompting us to investigate antimicrobial activities in vitro against members of the oyster microbiota. Both Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5 were active at a high salt concentration (400 mM NaCl) and showed broad spectra of activity against bacteria associated with C. gigas pathologies. Antimicrobial specificity was observed for both molecules at an intra- and inter-genera level. Remarkably, antimicrobial spectra of Cg-BigDef1 and Cg-BigDef5 were complementary, and peptides acted synergistically. Overall, we found that primary sequence diversification of Cg-BigDefs has generated specificity and synergy and extended the spectrum of activity of this peptide family.     

小肠潘氏细胞防御素的研究进展

小肠潘氏细胞防御素是存在于哺乳动物小肠肠腺底部的潘氏细胞颗粒内的一类抗微生物肽。本文概述了小肠潘氏细胞防御素的一般特征、基因结构和抗微生物活性的国内外研究进展。     

红鳍东方鲀防御素db-1基因的原核表达分析

采用原核表达方法高效表达红鳍东方鲀Takifugu rubripes防御素db-1基因,并获得该基因的重组表达产物。通过RT-PCR扩增获得红鳍东方鲀防御素db-1基因成熟肽编码序列,将其连入pET32a+载体,构建原核表达载体pET32a-m DB-1,然后将其转入至大肠杆菌表达菌株Rosetta(DE3)感受态细胞中,经IPTG诱导目的基因表达,通过SDS-PAGE和Western Blotting检测该蛋白,并利用Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化该蛋白,最后以Anti-Mus defensin Beta2抗体为探针的Elisa反应鉴定该蛋白。结果表明:红鳍东方鲀db-1基因在大肠杆菌中高效表达,并纯化得到了这种重组防御素融合蛋白。本研究中提供了一种简单、高效获取重组防御素蛋白的方法,可为其应用和生产提供支持。     

兔防御素基因NP-1的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

选用大肠杆菌偏嗜性的密码子对兔防御素基因NP-1进行改造,人工合成编码NP-1成熟肽的基因片段,并将其克隆到T-easy载体上,再经双酶切后重组于原核表达载体pMAL-p2X。经IPTG诱导后,在大肠杆菌TB1中融合表达出兔防御素NP-1成熟肽。     

人参Defensin基因表达载体构建及对锈病抗性分析

通过人参Defensin基因在拟南芥中的过表达,研究其在人参锈病菌胁迫过程中的抗性作用。采用RT-PCR技术克隆人参Defensin基因,其全长为240 bp,编码80个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为12.091 1 ku。通过农杆菌介导浸花法将人参Defensin基因转到拟南芥中,经过抗性筛选及分子鉴定获得转基因拟南芥。以野生型拟南芥作对照,分析植株对锈病菌的抗性作用。结果表明:经锈病菌胁迫5 d,转基因拟南芥的生长状态明显优于野生型拟南芥,Defensin基因在转基因拟南芥中的表达量极显著高于野生型对照。人参Defensin基因对人参锈病菌具有一定的抗性作用。     

佳米驴β-防御素aBD-1组织表达

为检测aBD-1mRNA在佳米驴体内可能的表达器官,根据已知aBD-1cDNA的全长序列设计一对预计扩增产物为266bp的引物,以佳米驴舌背表面、食管、胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠、直肠、气管、胰腺、膀胱、子宫、心脏、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏、脾脏、淋巴结、卵巢组织中提取的总RNA为模板,采用反转录PCR（RT—PCR）技术检测佳米驴的上述器官内aBD-1mRNA的表达情况,同时以β-肌动蛋白（β-actin）基因作为内参。结果显示：aBD-1mRNA在佳米驴的舌、盲肠和结肠内有强的表达,在食管、胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、直肠、气管内有比较强的表达,在膀胱和子宫内有弱的表达,而在心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胰腺、淋巴结、卵巢等实质性器官组织内无表达。