Recovery potential of black rockfish,Sebastes melanops Girard,recompressed following barotrauma

Overfished species of rockfish, Sebastes spp., from the Northeast Pacific experience high bycatch mortality because of ‘barotrauma’, a condition induced from the rapid change in pressure during capture. Field experiments show that it may be possible for rockfish to recover from barotrauma if quickly recompressed; however, no work has followed the physiological recovery of rockfish after recompression or determined whether it is possible for rockfish to survive barotrauma in the long term. Barotrauma was induced in adult black rockfish, Sebastes melanops Girard, from a simulated depth of 35 m, followed by recompression. Blood and selected tissues (eye, heart ventricle, head kidney, liver, rete mirabile and gonad) were sampled at days 3, 15 and 31 post‐recompression to evaluate the tissue‐ and physiologic‐level response during recovery. No mortality from barotrauma occurred during the experiments, and feeding resumed in 80% of both treatment and control fish. The primary injury in treatment fish was the presence of a ruptured swimbladder and/or a ruptured tunica externa (outer layer of swimbladder), which was slow to heal. Blood plasma was analysed for glucose, sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and cortisol. Plasma analyses indicated no strong effects because of barotrauma, suggesting overall handling stress outweighed any effect from barotrauma. Rockfish with ruptured swimbladders may face compromised competency in the wild; however, it appears the majority of black rockfish decompressed from 35 m have a high potential for recovery if recompressed immediately after capture. This research suggests recompression could be a valuable bycatch mortality reduction tool for rockfish in recreational fisheries.     

水库蓄水内涝影响因素分析及治理方案评价研究——以江西赣江中游河段库区为例

大型水库蓄水后,探入基岩修筑应对浸没影响的防渗墙的存在可以起到阻隔河流回水区,缓解浸没影响程度的作用,但也影响了库岸地下水向河流的排泄,造成一定程度的内涝灾害,并对岸边农作物及建筑物产生影响。该文主要针对回水区地下水位、毛细水上升高度、入渗及蒸发特征,3种最直接作用于水库内涝现象的因素进行了分析,结合数值模拟方法提出了减压井与排水渠道相结合的综合治理措施。     

基于PRO/E的新型棉花采摘机的设计

结合常德市棉花采摘情况,设计了一种新型的棉花采摘机。对棉花采摘机的采摘头、吸棉管、储棉桶和减压装置进行了设计,采用Pro/E软件对其模型进行了建立,并对其材料进行了强度校核。结果表明,满足强度要求,设计方案基本可行。     

减压升华脱除绿茶中的咖啡碱

以蒸青绿茶、炒青绿茶为材料,采用减压升华脱除法降低绿茶中的咖啡碱含量。考察了温度、压力、时间条件,以及茶叶种类、含水率和粒度等因素,对咖啡碱减压升华脱除的影响。结果表明,在70℃、-0·02~-0·08MPa条件下,处理14h左右,可使含水率为20%的蒸青绿茶的咖啡碱脱除率达到37%,并基本保持绿茶叶感官品质不变。条形蒸青绿茶在含水率20%的条件下,咖啡碱减压脱除的效果较好。在升华脱除过程中,较高的茶叶水分含量对咖啡碱脱除具有促进作用。减压升华脱除绿茶中咖啡碱的技术条件和设备要求较低,可有效降低传统绿茶中的咖啡碱。     

经皮髓芯减压结合介入外置管治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死(附50例)

目的：观察经皮髓芯减压结合介入外置管治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死的临床疗效。方法：经X线平片、CT、MRI检查及临床证实的早期股骨头缺血性坏死50例病人，首先行股骨头经皮髓芯减压术，同时行经皮介入外置管治疗，保留外引流管1周。结果：①骨髓静脉造影复查显示50例回流通畅，回流时间加快。②治疗后1年X线平片复查显示：35例复查显示骨质完全修复，余15例有不同程度的骨质修复。③治疗后1年．MRI复查显示：48例显示骨髓水肿消退，仅2例显示残留散在小斑点状骨髓水肿信号病灶。④治疗后1年临床症状随访结果：43例治疗后疼痛完全消除，大部分缓解5例，部分缓解2例，未改善0例，其临床症状改善率达100％。结论：经皮髓芯减压结合介入外置管治疗早期股骨头缺血性坏死，能明显改善股骨头的血液循环，促进股骨头坏死区的修复和重建。     

Peritonitis,abscessation and haemorrhage: Complications of transcutaneous caecal decompression

Transcutaneous needle decompression of the caecum through the right flank is a valuable, routine procedure performed to resolve cases of large intestinal tympany. Nevertheless, it can be the cause of potentially life‐threatening complications as highlighted by the 3 cases presented in this case report. Abscess formation, septic peritonitis and haemorrhage following needle decompression are described.