大青山水源涵养林生态效益的研究

通过对大青山白石头泡流域内的不同森林类型进行气象,土壤,水文等生态因子的测定,结果表明,森林植被对区域环境发挥了显著的生态效益,其效益的大小取决于森林植被的类型,落叶林落林优于常绿针叶林。     

杭千高速入城口防护林设计中森林意境的体现

以杭千高速入城口防护林设计为例,以"森林景观、森林意向、森林意境"的营造为主线,通过"森林美"为主题的设计布局,探讨城市绿地设计中体现"师法自然"的具体方法和途径。     

基于不同尺度样地的森林面积估算对比分析1）--以鞍山市为例

研究一类调查与二类调查的差异,分析现有森林资源样地调查方式的效率和误差,对比分析调整样地数量和样地面积大小后对市级区域森林面积估算的精度。以鞍山市为研究区,以二类调查小班数据为基础,以现行4 km×8 km样地间隔的标准样地数量为最大样本量,分析了在样方边长分别为25、30、250 m,1、2、3、4 km与样地数量分别为现行数量的1／2、1／3、1／4和1／5等情况下样地估算森林面积总体的精度。结果表明：样地面积越大,像元的混合度越大;现行抽样方式精度较高,误差仅为0．65％;当样地数量为现有样地数量的1／2,样地大小为2 km×2 km时,是较为准确估算鞍山市森林面积值的最佳抽样方式,误差为02．9％;虽然采样率为1／3,边长为3 km和4 km方式的精度更高,但是调查的面积更大。     

重庆四面山不同林地类型优先流特征及染色形态定量评价

以重庆四面山阔叶林、针叶林、灌木林和草地为研究对象,基于碘−淀粉染色示踪试验,借助Adobe Photoshop、IPWIN等图像处理技术和数据处理方法,对土壤优先流特征及其染色形态进行定量评价。结果表明：阔叶林地、针叶林地、灌木林和草地土壤优先流分别在5～25、10～30、10～25 cm和5～20 cm发育明显,各林地垂直剖面总体上均随土层深度增加染色面积比下降。阔叶林和针叶林土壤表层0～10 cm下降迅速,灌木林随土壤深度增加呈现先下降后基本不变再下降的趋势。阔叶林和针叶林总染色面积比高于灌木林和草地,阔叶林的优先流比和优先流长度指数也分别高于针叶林、灌木林和草地。     

云南小黑山自然保护区中山湿性常绿阔叶林主要植物群落调查

小黑山省级自然保护区中山湿性常绿阔叶林是云南省西南的地带性森林.在对其主要植物群落(群系)进行典型选样调查的基础上,论述了森林的生境、乔木层、灌木层、草本层和层间植物,并对它们的共性和特殊性、垂直分布、生物多样性进行了评价.     

Guidelines for Managing Wildlife Habitats in Southwestern Ponderosa Pine Forests of the United States

IntroductionEcoledcalrelahonshipsanddePendenceofwildlifesPe-ciesonsouthwesternPOnderosapine(Pineponderosa)fOrestsarecloselyrelat6dtohabitatuse.Foraginghabits,seasOndfoodPreferences,anduseoftreesforfeedingarelawtydePendentuponthestrUctureandspahalar-rangme…     

西双版纳普文林场热带雨林恢复的实践

近50年来,通过树种调查、繁殖技术研究、造林试验,在西双版纳普文林场,成功地培育出8种热带雨林标志树种的人工林及7种热带山地雨林标志性树种的人工林,并散生培育热带雨林树种12个。还在热区退化地造林中评选出了2个造林先锋树种。它们既形成了高大整齐的林分外貌,也逐步形成了多层次多物种的森林复层结构。在这些人工林下出现了众多的雨林标志树种的天然更新幼苗幼树,说明这些人工林所形成的雨林环境具有可持续经营性。实践表明,西双版纳的热带雨林是可人工恢复的。     

建始县高岩子林场优势乔木生态位特征

了解乔木的生态位,为可持续经营和保护天然林提供依据.本研究利用Levins公式和Pianka公式测定高岩子林场7种优势乔木的生态位宽度和生态位重叠.生态位宽度的大小依次是日本落叶松、四照花、柳杉、青冈、木姜子、云锦杜鹃和珙桐,生态位重叠较大.建始县国有高岩子林场乔木生态位颇具特色,在森林资源开发中要互补利用.     

水土流失与植被保护

本文论述了全国和内蒙古水土流失的情况及其危害,引起水土流失的原因及植被的作用,以及保护植被应采取的措施。     

Short-term responses of soil decomposer and plant communities to stump harvesting in boreal forests

Recently, in addition to logging residues, stumps have become an important component in energy production since there is growing global interest in the use of renewable energy sources in order to decrease anthropogenic carbon emissions. Harvesting of stumps influences the forest floor by changing vegetation and soil organic layers and exposing mineral soil across large areas. We studied whether stump harvesting after clear felling poses further short-term changes in boreal forest soil decomposer community (microbes and mesofauna) and vegetation when compared to the traditional site preparation practice (mounding). In general, stump harvesting caused decline in enchytraeid abundance but did not induce further major changes in decomposer community otherwise nor in vegetation of each soil micro-habitat (intact soil and exposed mineral soil). However, the abundances of almost all decomposer animals were lower in the exposed mineral soil than in the intact soil. Stump removal increased the area of exposed mineral soil in the clear felled areas, leading to lower amount of high quality habitat for most decomposer organisms. Hence, it is obvious that there are (or will be) differences in the decomposer community dynamics between the treatments at the forest stand level. Both species richness and coverage of plants benefitted from large-scale exposure of mineral soil. Because the stump removal procedure disturbs soil organic layers and negatively affects the decomposer community, it has the potential to alter nutrient dynamics in forests.