突变体杂交诱变育成小麦新品种西辐十二号

用两个突变体杂交,并用200Gy60Coγ射线辐照处理杂交干种子,经9个世代定向选择,于1995年育成了中矮秆、大穗、粒重、品质优良的小麦新品系95-γ728。该品系2003年10月通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,命名为西辐十二号。本文介绍了该品种的选育经过、特征特性及其产量表现。     

FEASIBILITY FOR USING HYPOFRACTIONATED STEREOTACTIC VOLUMETRIC MODULATED ARC RADIOTHERAPY (VMAT) WITH ADAPTIVE PLANNING FOR TREATMENT OF THYMOMA IN RABBITS: 15 CASES

Thymoma is a relatively common tumor in rabbits. Treatment with surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy alone or in combination has been reported with varying outcomes. Stereotactic volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy delivered in a hypofractionated manner allows high doses of radiation to be delivered to the target volume while allowing sparing of adjacent critical structures. This therapy is ideally suited for thymomas in rabbits given their size, the difficulty of multiple anesthesia episodes and the complexity of the radiotherapy plans required due to the tumor's proximity to the heart, lungs, and mediastinal structures. Fifteen rabbits with thymoma were prospectively recruited for this observational, single institution, single arm clinical study. All rabbits were imaged with both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A total dose of 40 Gy in six fractions was delivered using a single arc over an 11‐day period with repeat CT simulation done every other fraction for adaptive planning. Follow‐up evaluation was done through repeat CT and MRI imaging and revealed complete responses using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria. Two rabbits had died at 618 and 718 days, 10 were alive and three were lost to follow‐up. Observed acute and late effects were graded according to the Veterinary Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (VRTOG) criteria and were found to be minimal.     

UV-B胁迫下芦荟蒽醌类物质对大豆生长发育保护作用研究(英文)

在增强紫外线辐射条件下,研究喷施芦荟蒽醌类物质对大豆叶形态结构和生理生化指标的影响,旨在探究增强UV-B辐射条件下芦荟蒽醌物质对植物的保护作用。研究结果表明,在增强UV-B辐射条件下,大豆株高降低、叶面积明显减小、光合色素含量下降、丙二醛含量升高;喷施芦荟蒽醌物质能有效缓解叶绿素含量、生物量降低,减少丙二醛产生;在增强UV-B辐射条件下,叶细胞表面蜡状物质增加明显,气孔明显下陷;而喷施芦荟蒽醌物质后,表面蜡状物质仅稍有增加,气孔下陷状况有所缓解。     

白术辐射诱变株系抗氧化酶活性研究

为了从长势较好的4个白术辐射诱变株系中筛选出抗氧化活性高的优良品种,测定了白术具有清除活性氧能力的SOD,APX,POD等酶的活性.结果表明:白术辐射诱变株系的SOD,APX,POD的比活力均高于二倍体,说明优选出的白术辐射诱变株系具有比辐照前更强的清除活性氧能力,对外界不良环境的影响具有更高的抗逆性.     

沼泽红假单胞菌的抗氧化酶活性和对紫外线的吸收作用

对不同培养方式下沼泽红假单胞菌的5个菌株的菌体的抗氧化酶活性以及培养液的细胞和上清液对紫外线吸收作用进行了研究。结果表明,5个菌株的活细胞CAT活性普遍以好氧黑暗条件下的培养物高于微好氧光照条件下的,SOD活性则以微好氧光照条件下的培养物高于好氧黑暗条件的。5个菌株在好氧黑暗、微好氧光照培养条件下的细胞液和培养液的上清液在紫外线200～300nm波长范围有明显的吸收峰。     

Critical period for grain number establishment of near isogenic lines of two- and six-rowed barley

In barley no studies have attempted to pinpoint the critical period for grain number determination, and it is frequently stated that the critical period is similar to that of wheat. However, there are important differences between the species and among barley genotypes (i.e. two- and six-rowed types) suggesting that this assumption requires testing. The objectives of this paper were (i) to determine the critical period for grain number determination in two- and six-rowed barleys, and (ii) to identify which yield components were more sensitive to changes in incident radiation during that period.

Two field experiments were conducted using two pairs of near isogenic lines differing only in the spike type. Shading was imposed at different periods throughout the crop cycle (from 60 days before heading to 15 days after) to reduce incident solar radiation approximately 70%.

The critical period for grain number determination tended to be slightly earlier in two- (ca. between 40 and 10 days before heading) than in six-rowed barleys (ca. between 30 days before heading until that stage). In terms of the external phenology, the beginning of the critical period for setting grains was 10 days after the beginning of stem elongation, and 10 days before flag leaf appearance in two- and six-rowed lines, respectively. Changes in the number of grains per unit area were correlated with crop growth rate during the critical period for yield determination.     

能量平衡融雪模型在西天山的应用试验

为了验证能量平衡融雪模型在巩乃斯流域的适用性,在天山积雪雪崩研究站开展了模型的应用试验。设置了3个融雪水收集样点,模拟值分别与1号、2号和3号样点观测的日融雪量进行对比,结果表明,1号融雪水收集点的拟合优度系数R2=0.86,体积差Dv=-5.9%;2号收集点R2=0.92,Dv=-3.2%;3号收集点,R2=0.91,Dv=-10.7%,模拟值总量偏高于实测值。较高的R2和较低的Dv值,表明模型达到了比较好的模拟效果,也显示该模型在巩乃斯河流域具有良好的应用前景。     

UV-B辐射增强对水稻产量及品质的影响

研究盆栽条件下,以2个粳稻品种沈农265和沈农606为试材,UV-B辐射对水稻产量及其品质的影响.试验设3个处理,分别为自然光及紫外辐射增强5%、10%.结果表明UV-B,辐射使作物的株有效穗数、穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重下降,最终导致产量下降;籽粒的加工品质、外观品质和蒸煮食味品质都随辐射的增加而下降.     

椰心叶甲发育的起点温度和有效积温

通过室内饲养观察，测定了不同温度下椰心叶甲不同虫态发育的起点温度、有效积温及存活率。结果表明，椰心叶甲世代发育起点温度为11．08℃，有效积温为966．22℃，在海南省儋州市1a发生的理论代数为4～5代。持续过高温度，如32℃不适宜椰心叶甲的生长。     

电解质辅助微波辐射凝固胶清工艺的研究

采用新型微波辐射凝固法凝固胶清,研究了不同种类用量的电解质、微波辐射的温度和功率对胶清凝固的影响;并将酸凝固胶清橡胶和微波凝固胶清橡胶的理化性能和力学性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,当乙酸铵用量达到胶清质量2%以上、温度在97℃、功率为900 W时,凝固时间在4 min左右,其凝固效果好;微波凝固胶清橡胶的理化性能和力学性能均比酸凝固胶清橡胶高。