南方芦笋组培苗移栽技术研究

以芦笋新品种“津宁”的生根组培苗为试验材料,通过移栽基质、基质消毒措施、生根培养类型及移栽时期对芦笋组培苗移栽成活率影响的研究。结果表明：在南方,冬、春两季采用二步生根法培养的生根组培苗,选用椰糠作为移栽基质、200g/m3根病治杀菌剂进行消毒处理,移栽成活率可达95.20%~99.25%。     

四氢呋喃对回流污泥中pH、溶氧和可培养微生物的影响

对高浓度THF作用下污水处理厂曝气池回流污泥的pH、溶氧、可培养微生物连续测定6周,观察到回流污泥的pH随着THF浓度的增加和培养时间的延长而上升;四氢呋喃的存在可极大地抑制回流污泥中微生物的好氧呼吸强度,导致氧的消耗减少,且培养4周时,回流污泥中溶氧显著高于其他培养时段时的溶氧;在含有THF的回流污泥中,可培养细菌的数量在培养4周时出现峰值,可培养放线菌的数量在培养3周时出现峰值,可培养真菌的数量未出现明显峰值。     

大棚蔬菜无土栽培固体基质筛选的研究

采用大棚生物试验，研究了不同比例菌渣、秸秆、河沙配制的不同固体栽培基质对连续两季小白菜和生菜生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明，在施用等量肥料福尔池、田必施的条件下，与土壤栽培比较，5种不同比例的无土栽培基质上所栽培的小白菜和生菜获得的地上部分生物产量均显著高于土培。施用福尔地小白菜产量增加率为50．5％－102．2％，生菜产量增加率为187．6％－275．1％；施用田必须小白菜和生菜的增加率分别为53．4％－153．3％和9．2％－166．7％。蔬菜各项生长指标及产量不同基质间存在明显差异，6个处理中小白菜栽培以处理4（菌渣：秸秆；河沙＝3：0：1）为最佳配合，而生菜栽培施用福尔地的各区仍以处理4为最佳配合；施用田必施的各区却以处理3为最佳（菌渣：秸秆：阿沙＝3：1：1）的配合。基质栽培较土壤栽培提高了蔬菜中可溶性糖 含量，降低了总酸度，并使硝酸盐含量维持在较低水平。     

北海道黄杨试管苗的生根与移栽

不同激素处理无根苗后,通过直接生根与转入不附加激素的培养基中诱导生根两种处理及生根苗在五种不同基质中移栽等试验,研究了北海道黄杨试管苗的生根与移栽。结果表明,生根培养基以1/2MS(铁盐加倍)+NAA0 2mg/L及1/2MS(铁盐加倍)为宜。移栽时,以蛭石∶腐叶土(1∶1)基质效果为好,成活率达100%。     

提高广西香蕉生产经济效益的探讨

本文从香蕉的生物学特性、栽培技术特点和广西蕉区越冬气候条件等方面，分析了广西当前香蕉生产存在的主要问题。提出了：实行区域化、集约化栽培；调整蕉区产业结构；改革香蕉栽培制度，加速品种更新换代，推广良种；推广采用组培苗；增加投入，科学管理；完善促销措施等一系列旨在提高香蕉生产经济效益的可行配套措施。     

欧李试管苗生根与移栽技术的研究

对欧李试管苗进行生根与移栽试验结果表明，欧李试管苗生根适宜的培养基配方为：MS＋IAA3．0mg／L＋PP3330．05mg／L＋蔗糖20g／L＋琼脂7g／L，培养23d，生根率达80％以上。移栽时用灭过菌而且通气透水性强的栽培基质为好，移栽成活率达80％以上。     

Alternatives for large-scale production of cultured beef:A review

Cultured beef is a method where stem cells from skeletal muscle of cows are cultured in vitro to gain edible muscle tissue. For large-scale production of cultured beef, the culture technique needs to become more efficient than today’s 2-dimensional(2D) standard technique that was used to make the first cultured hamburger. Options for efficient large-scale production of stem cells are to culture cells on microcarriers, either in suspension or in a packed bed bioreactor, or to culture aggregated cells in suspension. We discuss the pros and cons of these systems as well as the possibilities to use the systems for tissue culture. Either of the production systems needs to be optimized to achieve an efficient production of cultured beef. It is anticipated that the optimization of large-scale cell culture as performed for other stem cells can be translated into successful protocols for bovine satellite cells resulting in resource and cost efficient cultured beef.     

Challenges and prospects for consumer acceptance of cultured meat

Consumer acceptance of cultured meat is expected to depend on a wide diversity of determinants ranging from technology-related perceptions to product-speciifc expectations, and including wider contextu...     

Genetic variation of wild and cultured populations of the Kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus (Bate 1888) using microsatellites

The microsatellite DNA technique was used to detect the genetic variations between wild and cultured populations of Kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus Bate 1888. All the six microsatellite loci screened in this study showed high polymorphism for their PIC (0.6701–0.8989), which was much more than the standard value of 0.5. A total of 73 alleles were observed over six loci from 93 shrimps. The mean number of allele locus ranged from 9.83 (cultured) to 11.83 (wild). The number of effective alleles varied from 6.86 (cultured) to 8.58 (wild). The average of observed heterozygosity (H_o) of populations varied from 0.6935 (cultured) to 0.7370 (wild), and that of expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.8169 (wild) and 0.8209 (cultured). Tests of Hardy–Weinberg showed that these loci deviated significantly or highly significantly in one or both populations. Compared with the wild population, the cultured population showed little reduction in genetic variation. The total number of alleles (71, 59) was not significantly (P=0.296) different between wild and cultured populations. The paired‐samples t test of observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity implied that there was no significant difference (P=0.572 and 0.891 respectively) between wild and cultured populations. However, some rare allele loss might have occurred in the cultured population. A total of 14 unique alleles were found in the wild population, but only two unique alleles were observed in the cultured population. Therefore, there is a need to monitor genetic variability of cultured population, and to improve the hatchery program for the conservation of wild Kuruma prawn resources.     

斑节对虾养殖群体遗传多样性的同工酶和RAPD分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）和RAPD方法对厦门养殖斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon Fabricius）群体的遗传多样性进行分析。9种同工酶共检测到21个座位，其中多态座位13个，多态座位比例为61．90％，预期杂合度0．151，观察杂合度0．120，Hardy—Weinberg遗传偏离指数（d）为-0．208，存在杂合子缺失。经x^2拟合度检验，多数座位偏离Hardy—Weinberg平衡，表明群体未达到随机交配。14个10bp引物共获得了83个标记，单个引物获得的标记数为2～11个，平均每个引物扩增出5．93个座位，其中多态标记数68个，多态位点比例为81．93％，杂合度为0．246，基因多样性为0．260，Shannon’S信息指数为0．397。两种方法均表明该斑节对虾养殖群体的遗传多样性水平较高，但可能已有近交衰退发生。