季铵盐类对对虾毒性和对弧菌杀灭效果的研究

国外及我国台湾等地普遍应用季铵盐类（ＢＫＣ）防治虾病,作者以国内生产的ＢＫＣ对斑节对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｍｏｎｏｄｏｎ、新对虾Ｍｅｔａｐｅｎａｅｕｓｓｐ．幼体及成虾的毒性和对弧菌的杀灭效果进行检测,以解决对虾养殖中药物的应用技术问题。实验表明,ＢＫＣ对斑节对虾各期幼体及成体的毒性存在着明显的差异,无节幼体对ＢＫＣ的敏感性特别高;弧菌及细菌对ＢＫＣ并不十分敏感,在２～３ｍｇ．Ｌ－１的浓度条件下才能杀灭水中７５％～９０％的弧菌。对成虾的细菌病,建议使用的ＢＫＣ浓度为０．５～１ｍｇ．Ｌ－１。     

苦丁茶组培苗的生根与移栽

正交试验表明 ,苦丁茶组培苗基内生根的主要影响因子是生长素 NAA,其次是培养基中大量元素的含量 ,其合适的生根配方是 1/ 4 MS+2 %蔗糖 +NAA 0 .1～ 0 .2 mg· L-1。加入活性炭反而抵消了 MAA的作用。蛭石是良好的扦插基质 ,用高浓度 NAA短时间处理切口 ,生根又快又好。苦丁茶生根苗移栽成活的关键是杀菌防病并遮阴保湿。以健壮无根苗直接一步移栽入土更简化了快繁工艺。     

控温快速养龟新技术

论述了快速养龟中稚龟暂养,稚龟和幼龟控温养殖,以及成龟养殖新技术。特别指出,温差对控温养龟会造成不利影响,避免温差大的方法是稚龟进温室要逐渐升温及幼龟出温室逐渐降温;稚龟下池初期水位不宜太深,从１０ｃｍ开始逐步加深,蓄水过深极易造成稚龟死亡,因为龟与鳖不同之处在于龟需要较大的陆地生活空间。     

热带人工草地群落结构研究初探

研究4年生热带人工草地放牧与不放牧对群落结构的影响,结果表明:以热研2号柱花草和珊状臂形草为优势草种的人工草地,其中对照区(不放牧)干草产量8096kg/hm²,极显著高于天然草地116.04%,放牧区6324.5kg/hm²,显著高于天然草地68.77%;其产草量呈动态变化,以10月最高;植被群落呈垂直空间层状分布,产草量多集中在11～40cm草层;在放牧区热研2号柱花草的频度和产草量减少,珊状臂形草和有钩柱花草增加,草种分布均匀,结构合理,向进展方向演替。     

复方刺五加注射液对培养大鼠心肌细胞动作电位的影响

培养Wistar大鼠乳鼠心室肌细胞,向培养基中加入复方刺五加注射液200μg/mL,可使心肌细胞动作电位的波幅、波宽、阈电位、最大舒张电位、最大除极速度及复极(10%、50%、90%)水平的动作电位波宽一致减小,其作用与钙通道阻滞剂尼莫地平0.4μg/mL相似;Ca2 80μg/mL能使上述作用反转,提示复方刺五加注射液具有钙通道阻滞作用。     

Protective effects of adenosine on cultured rat hippocampal neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation

AIM:To investigate the protective effects of adenosine on cultured rat hippocampal neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation.METHODS:The control and adenosine-treated hippocampal neurons cultured for 12 d were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation environment for 0.5-4 h and then cultured with original medium in normoxia for 24 h. The soma area, survival rate, effluxes of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)and apoptosis of neurons were observed.RESULTS:The soma area, effluxes of lactate dehydrogenase from neurons and apoptosis were increased while survival rate of neurons was decreased after oxygen-glucose deprivation compared with those pre-oxygen-glucose deprivation. Compared with the control, after oxygen-glucose deprivation the soma area, effluxes of lactate dehydrogenase from neurons and apoptosis were decreased, however, the survival rate of neurons was increased in the adenosine group.CONCLUSION:Oxygen-glucose deprivation can lead to the severe damage of cultured hippocampal neurons, and adenosine can reduce neuronal injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation.     

叶芽组培西洋杜鹃最佳生根途径试验研究初报

为了克服西洋杜鹃(Eurhododendron)组培快繁移栽成活率低的问题,对其进行了组培最佳生根方式试验,结果表明,叶芽(茎尖)组织培养的新株,用生根粉处理进行扦插水培,其生根率达90%以上,较试管培养高16%,较基质扦插高50%;育苗周期较试管培养和基质扦插缩短约20 d;移栽成活率较试管培养和基质扦插分别高35%和84%。因此,用生根粉处理后进行扦插水培是西洋鹃最佳生根方式。     

基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的蝴蝶兰PPO和PAL基因表达分析

为研究蝴蝶兰在组织培养过程中的褐化机制,通过观察与褐化相关基因PPO和PAL在组织培养过程中不同时期的表达量,判断上述两基因对褐化的影响。采用实时荧光定量的方法,设计特异性引物,获得PPO基因与PAL基因的目的片段,再以实时荧光定量方式,检验上述2个基因在蝴蝶兰组培苗中的表达量。结果表明,获得的PPO基因目的片段与蝴蝶兰x五唇兰相似性达到97%,蝴蝶兰PPO基因目的片段序列与蝴蝶兰x朵丽兰相似性达到98%。通过对蝴蝶兰组培苗培养不同阶段中PPO基因及PAL基因的表达差异研究,发现：在对组培苗叶片切割后PPO基因的表达量迅速增加,随培养时间的推移,表达量经过缓慢的降低后逐渐增高,在10天到12天阶段表达量急剧增加,在12天达到最大量,随后降低,后期表达量浮动不大;PAL基因分别在1天,8天,12天表达量急剧增加,12天的表达量最大,随后,总体表达量有降低趋势。两个基因在第12d表达量都达到最高,说明此时是褐化发生的关键时期,若此时期对其进行有效预防措施,将会减少褐化现象。     

Cultured meat from muscle stem cells: A review of challenges and prospects

Growing muscle tissue in culture from animal stem cells to produce meat theoretically eliminates the need to sacrifice animals. So-called "cultured" or "synthetic" or "in vitro" meat could in theory be constructed with different characteristics and be produced faster and more efficiently than traditional meat. The technique to generate cultured muscle tissues from stem cells was described long ago, but has not yet been developed for the commercial production of cultured meat products. The technology is at an early stage and prerequisites of implementation include a reasonably high level of consumer acceptance, and the development of commercially-viable means of large scale production. Recent advancements in tissue culture techniques suggest that production may be economically feasible, provided it has physical properties in terms of colour, flavour, aroma, texture and palatability that are comparable to conventional meat. Although considerable progress has been made during recent years, important issues remain to be resolved, including the characterization of social and ethical constraints, the fine-tuning of culture conditions, and the development of culture media that are cost-effective and free of animal products. Consumer acceptance and confidence in in vitro produced cultured meat might be a significant impediment that hinders the marketing process.