南方芦笋组培苗移栽技术研究

以芦笋新品种“津宁”的生根组培苗为试验材料,通过移栽基质、基质消毒措施、生根培养类型及移栽时期对芦笋组培苗移栽成活率影响的研究。结果表明:在南方,冬、春两季采用二步生根法培养的生根组培苗,选用椰糠作为移栽基质、200g/m3根病治杀菌剂进行消毒处理,移栽成活率可达95.20%￣99.25%。     

高产池塘养殖鱼细菌污染的季节变化

高产池塘养殖鱼细菌污染的季节变化陶妍，骆肇荛（上海水产大学，２０００９０）关键词养殖鱼类，高产池塘，细菌污染，鲜度，季节变化ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＳＥＡＳＯＮＡＬＶＡＲＩＡＴＩＯＮＩＮＢＡＣＴＥＲＩＡＬＣＯＮＴＡＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＦＩＳＨＣＵＬＴＵＲＥ...     

长三角地区池塘养殖水产品重金属含量及其健康风险评价

为全面了解长三角地区池塘养殖水产品重金属污染现状及食用风险,于2015年5月至11月分别在上海、江苏和浙江的13个养殖池塘采集了5类共13种水产品并进行了重金属含量的测定,同时根据每周可耐受摄入量(PTWI)及风险评价指标分别评价了其食用安全性和健康风险。实验结果表明,长三角地区水产品体内重金属Cr和As的残留量很低,Cu和Pb有近60%的样点超标,而Cd在所有样点都超标,且底栖类水产品中重金属的浓度高于鱼类。根据每周水产品摄入量进行食用安全性评价的结果表明,Cu、Pb、Cr和As 4种重金属的百分比都小于100%,但Cd的占比远远超过100%,存在较大威胁。健康风险评价结果显示:部分水产品存在食用风险,且该风险主要由重金属Cu和Cd所贡献;就水产品种类而言,鱼类水产品的整体健康风险低于底栖类水产品。通过与沉积物中重金属含量的比较及相关性分析,初步得出长三角地区养殖池塘水产品体内的重金属Cd、Cr和As的残留可能与养殖池塘沉积物中重金属的污染有关。     

Cultured meat in western media: The disproportionate coverage of vegetarian reactions,demographic realities,and implications for cultured meat marketing

This paper examines the media coverage of the 2013 London cultured meat tasting event, particularly in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Using major news outlets, prominent magazines covering food and science issues, and advocacy websites concerning meat consumption, the paper characterizes the overall emphases of the coverage, the tenor of the coverage, and compares the media portrayal of the important issues to the demographic and psychological realities of the actual consumer market into which cultured meat will compete. In particular, the paper argues that Western media gives a distorted picture of what obstacles are in the path of cultured meat acceptance, especially by overemphasizing and overrepresenting the importance of the reception of cultured meat among vegetarians. Promoters of cultured meat should recognize the skewed impression that this media coverage provides and pay attention to the demographic data that suggests strict vegetarians are a demographically negligible group. Resources for promoting cultured meat should focus on the empirical demographics of the consumer market and the empirical psychology of mainstream consumers.     

《南珠抛光技术规范》标准的研究与制订

阐述了《南珠抛光技术规范》企业标准编制的总体思路、技术路线和标准的组成。该标准对南珠抛光的定义、机器设备、抛光材料、生产环境和工艺过程等进行了明确的规定。     

中间球海胆放流群体和养殖群体的遗传学比较

本研究利用微卫星技术,对中间球海胆（Strongylocentrotus intermedius）的放流群体与养殖群体进行了遗传学比较。共用7对微卫星引物,分别对每个群体所有个体进行了扩增分析。[结果]每对引物分别扩增出了1-5个等位基因。所有引物在养殖群体中共扩增出22个等位基因,而在放流群体中扩增出了17个等位基因。所得数据经Popgene32软件分析,结果表明,两个群体Nei指数,Shannon氏指数,多态位点比例等遗传学指标没有显著差异,说明本研究所涉及的中间球海胆养殖群体与放流群体之间尚未产生明显的遗传分化。6个等位基因在养殖群体中出现,而在放流群体中缺失,1个等位基因在放流群体中出现,而在养殖群体中缺失。说明养殖群体与放流群体之间仍存在着一定的遗传结构差异。以上研究结果表明,该放流群体尚未达到对中间球海胆进行种质资源保护的最初目的。该研究结果对中间球海胆养殖、增殖放流状况进行了初步的遗传学评价,为海胆养殖、增殖途径及策略的选择奠定了理论基础。     

体外成熟培养时间对牛卵母细胞孤雌发育的影响

为了探讨牛卵母细胞体外成熟培养时间对孤雌胚胎发育的影响,通过比较18.5、22和25.5 h等3个不同成熟培养时间下孤雌胚的卵裂率和囊胚率,从而确定较为理想的体外成熟培养时间。试验结果发现,体外不同成熟培养时间下卵母细胞的孤雌卵裂率之间并无显著差异,虽然体外培养22 h卵母细胞的孤雌卵裂率稍稍高于体外培养18.5 h和25.5 h卵母细胞的孤雌胚卵裂率,但差异不显著;而不同成熟培养时间下卵母细胞的孤雌囊胚率之间存在着显著的差异,体外成熟培养22 h卵母细胞的孤雌囊胚率显著高于其它两组。该结果证明卵母细胞体外培养时间是影响孤雌胚发育的一个重要因素,体外培养时间过长或过短都会对孤雌胚今后的发育产生不利影响。     

理化因素对新疆紫草培养细胞紫草宁形成的影响

研究了在促进剂Ｃｕ２＋和抑制剂２,４－Ｄ及光的作用下,对产色素培养细胞紫草宁形成的影响。对４,１５,２５,３５和４５ｄ的紫草培养细胞的电镜观察和细胞超微结构分析的结果表明,１５ｄ加促进剂Ｃｕ２＋的新疆紫草培养细胞形成的色素颗粒（紫草宁）最多,４ｄ和加抑制剂２,４－Ｄ的培养细胞中均无明显的色素颗粒。     

Macro‐geographical differences influenced by family‐based expression on cultured pearl grade,shape and colour in the black‐lip ‘pearl oyster’ Pinctada margaritifera: a preliminary bi‐local case study in French Polynesia

In French Polynesia, the aquaculture of Pinctada margaritifera is carried out in numerous grow‐out sites, located over three archipelagos (Gambier, Society and Tuamotu). To evaluate the impact of macro‐geographical effects of these growing sites on pearl quality traits, five hatcheries produced families were used as homogeneous donor oysters in an experimental graft. The molluscs were then reared in two commercial locations: Tahaa Island (Society) and Rangiroa atoll (Tuamotu). At harvest, eight pearl quality traits were recorded and compared: surface defects, lustre, grade, circles, shape categories, darkness level, body and secondary colour and visual colour categories. Overall inter‐site comparison revealed that: (1) all traits were affected by grow‐out location except for lustre and round shape, and (2) a higher mean rate of valuable pearls was produced in Rangiroa. Indeed, for pearl grade, Rangiroa showed twice as many A‐B and less reject samples than Tahaa. This was related to the number of surface defects (grade component): in Rangiroa, twice as many pearls had no defects and less pearls had up to 10 defects. Concerning pearl shape, more circled and baroque pearls were found in Tahaa (+10%). For colour variation, 10% more pearls have an attractive green overtone in Rangiroa than in Tahaa, where more grey body colour were harvested. Lustre does not seem to be affected by these two culture site (except at a family scale). This is the first time P. margaritifera donor family have been shown to vary in the quality of pearls they produce depending on their grow‐out location.