论非艺术类高校文化艺术社团多维度建设

目前,全国有很多非艺术类高校,因在专业支撑、师资配备、生源基础、招生政策扶持等方面的"先天不足",艺术教育处于无场地、无经费、无编制的"三无"状态。对于非艺术类高校来说,文化艺术社团建设是加强艺术教育的重要手段。非艺术类高校文化艺术社团多维度建设的意义和价值在于:文化艺术社团通过活动辐射、熏陶、造就学校文化艺术氛围,不断提升学生的综合能力,对校园文化的形成具有相互的辐射和先导作用,引领非艺术类高校先进文化艺术发展。非艺术类高校文化艺术社团多维度建设可以通过多种渠道保证大学生文化艺术社团扶持力度,提高艺术教育水平重在指导教师来源多元化,建立大学生参加艺术社团的激励措施等三大举措加以推进。更重要的是,非艺术类高校文化艺术社团多维度建设中长效机制的建设:专业化的外部管理、规范化的内部管理、任务活动多样化的管理、网络化的宣传鼓励。     

长座虫草子实体的人工诱导研究

首次应用长座虫草的无性型—长座被毛孢对长座虫草子实体的生长条件进行了研究,并确立了最佳的培养工艺。结果表明,长座被毛孢液体摇瓶最佳培养时间为9 d,在营养液中添加10%的动物性蛋白(黄粉虫粉)有助于提高子实体产量,其所需营养液最佳pH为6.0,培养温度为25℃,初期菌丝培养时间为完全黑暗培养,待菌丝长满后给予1～200 lx连续光照,可获得更多的子实体。     

长城沿线军事寨堡聚落遗产保护规划研究初探——以明代榆林镇军事寨堡为例

长城及其沿线的众多军事寨堡聚落作为特殊历史条件下形成的整体线性遗产区域和文化资源,因其所处的地理位置的特殊性,正受到自然环境侵蚀和人为建设破坏的双重威胁。以明代长城沿线榆林镇的军事寨堡聚落为研究对象,结合单体寨堡聚落保护规划实例,探讨军事寨堡这一特殊人居环境背景下形成的传统聚落保护规划问题。旨在将军事寨堡城镇历史文化遗存提升到重要地位的同时,积极强调其自身厩具备的经济价值和周边自然生态系统的平衡能力。这对于在国内城市化背景下协调保护和建设,以及在生态环境脆弱区完善生态基础设施,改善人居环境具有重要意义。     

白鹤梁题刻的历史贡献与当代价值探析

论述了重庆涪陵白鹤梁石鱼题刻在长江流域近千年水文资讯、两岸农情预报、流域气候气象记录、巴蜀文化传承等诸多方面的历史贡献,记述了石鱼题刻作为国家重点文物保护对象的现状,展望了石鱼题刻作为中国文化遗产的一部分在未来继续发挥的重要意义及价值。     

空间信息技术在历史文化资源保护中的应用研究——以高昌故城为例

历史文化资源是人类传统文化和精神成就的载体,是某个地域和某个民族重要的旅游资源。但由于我国城市化进程的快速发展,使得生态和环境恶化的速度加快,导致历史文化资源急需保护。文中以吐鲁番高昌故城为例,以空间信息技术为手段,在高昌故城遗址周围建立缓冲区,分析和研究了遗产周边的环境变化,并结合实际提出了历史文化资源保护的对策和建议。结果表明:吐鲁番高昌故城周边裸地、低覆盖逐年减少,而中、高覆盖逐年增加,环境总体变化较小,其周边生态环境趋于好转。     

农业文化旅游及其景观开发

笔者从“文化”的基本内涵出发,探讨出农业文化旅游开发的关键在于农业文化景观的开发,进而又概括出以农业静、动景观的开发与创造,以及由此所带来的可观的社会效益。     

Impact of conservation interventions on the dynamics and persistence of a persecuted leopard (Panthera pardus) population

There is an extraordinary assortment of technical approaches to conserving carnivore populations, but the effectiveness of conservation activities is rarely evaluated. Accordingly, we initiated a study to assess the impact of several conservation interventions on the dynamics and persistence of a leopard (Panthera pardus) population in Phinda Private Game Reserve, South Africa. These included revisions of the statutory systems that regulate problem animal control and trophy hunting, and we instituted a program intended to reduce human–leopard conflict in the region. We compared demographic rates of radiocollared leopards from two sampling periods: a pre-treatment period prior to intervention, and a treatment period after intervention. The average annual mortality rate of the population decreased from 0.401 ± 0.070 to 0.134 ± 0.016, with fewer leopards killed by humans and in intraspecific clashes after intervention. The overall reproductive output of the population increased in the treatment period, although annual cub production was higher in the pre-treatment period. This was mainly due to larger litter sizes prior to intervention, which may have been a strategy used by female leopards to offset high levels of infanticide. Results from camera-trap surveys and a Leslie-matrix model indicated an increase in annual population growth rate (λ) of 14–16% after the implementation of conservation measures. Our findings highlight the importance of addressing both the numerical and functional components of population dynamics when managing large carnivores exposed to hunting or persecution.     

The role of transfrontier conservation areas and their institutional framework in natural resource-based conflict management: A review

Contests over scarce and shared natural resources continue to headline conflicts across the world’s geographic regions. The transfrontier conservation areas (TFCAs) concept gained widespread acceptance as one of the promising conflict management strategies. However, following the establishment of TFCAs by various countries, questions about their contribution to conflict management and resolution are emerging. Motivated by the institutional work concept, the contribution of TFCAs and their institutional framework for peace and cooperation efforts was assessed. Using field experience and the archival method, 131 journal articles, books and reports on natural resources and conflict management were reviewed between 2010 and 2016. The review process focused mainly, but not limited to TFCAs and their institutional frameworks in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). Findings indicate that TFCAs and their institutional frameworks are relevant to peace and cooperation efforts in SADC provided the stakeholders at various levels are committed to the actions agreed upon. However, making conclusive statements without further comprehensive studies on the contribution of other peace-promoting interventions within the SADC region besides TFCAs may be ill conceived. Governments and other key stakeholders are recommended to further harmonize conservation legislation, institutions and management practices to promote cooperation at the local and regional level.     

矿粮复合区土地利用冲突识别研究——以江西永平铜矿为例

以永平铜矿所在矿粮复合区为例,通过实地发放调查问卷的方式,获取矿粮复合区内农户、企业和政府在土地利用方面的利益诉求情况,从而对矿粮复合区土地利用冲突进行识别。矿粮复合区土地利用冲突的类型可以划分为经济利益冲突、人际关系冲突以及社会保障冲突3种,表现为各利益相关者(当地政府、采矿企业以及农户)之间的博弈关系,其中矿产资源产生的正向外部效应的空间利益分配不均是导致冲突产生的根本原因。     

城乡风貌空间营造中的文化景观构建

从城乡风貌和文化景观的概念、关系以及城乡风貌空间营造的现状入手,在文化景观构建的物质构成要素和非物质文化景观等方面,探讨我国城乡风貌空间营造中文化景观构建的途径.