Drought-resistant cultivation techniques of fruit tree in dry slopdand

总结了旱坡地果树建园与营造技术、果园保水保肥技术以及果树抗旱技术。     

大棚辣椒栽培技术

根据辣椒的特征特性,介绍大棚设施栽培辣椒的适宜品种及栽培管理要点。     

茶叶中农残分析方法及残留量不确定度评定研究进展

对茶叶农药残留分析中提取方法、净化方法、检测技术以及农药残留量不确定度评定的研究进展进行了综述,并对茶叶农药残留分析的发展趋势进行了展望。     

筛胸梳爪叩甲的防治技术研究

筛胸梳爪叩甲是我国南方地区重要的笋期害虫.研究了林间挖笋除虫、黑光灯诱杀及药剂防治3种方法对筛胸梳爪叩甲的控制效果.结果表明:3种技术措施均能显著降低该虫的危害率和虫口密度,其中药剂防治效果最明显.3 a持续挖笋除虫的防治效果达(22.76±3.90)％;每年单盏黑光灯年平均诱捕量可达(1 143.8±318.7)头,连续6 a的灯光诱杀可将竹笋危害率由防治前的(56.05±2.83)％降至防治后的(39.21±2.83)％;连续施用5％辛硫磷+3％毒死蜱颗粒剂3 a年可将竹笋危害率由防治前的(69.62±5.36)％降至(21.17±7.65)％,防治效果达(70.11±10.99)％.     

蓝田县山地板栗优质丰产技术研究

经过9年的山地培育试验,实现板栗栽培的早实丰产,连续4年挂果,年均产量达2 928.5kg/hm2,最高达4 346kg/hm2,初步筛选出"蓝田红明栗"、"柞栗11"、"长安寸栗"和"山东油栗"四个适宜本地栽培的丰产优质良种;试验表明,初植密度为600～1 050株/hm2,控制林份郁闭度0.6～0.7,有利于丰产稳产;适宜的栽植方式可以加快建园进程,合理的整形修剪,林农间作,林地施肥及病虫害防治等幼林培育技术综合措施,是实现山地栗林早实丰产的有效途径。     

榆林仁用杏晚霜冻害防治技术措施研究

根据陕北榆林仁用杏分布的地理特征和区域气候特点设立了4个试验点,从观测仁用杏物候期与气象条件变化的关系入手,探讨仁用杏晚霜冻害发生规律及其有效预防措施,提出采用灌水(GS)或用植物防冻剂100倍液灌根(ZW1)措施可推迟仁用杏花期3～4d,能有效避开春季晚霜冻害,提高座果率;及时准确的气象预报,可以为熏烟法提供具体的实施时间,减轻冻害,促进丰产;从而为仁用杏的丰产栽培管理提供科学依据。     

台湾桤木造林技术

根据多年多点试验和生产实践,对台湾桤木造林技术进行了研究和总结,提出了台湾桤木造林地选择、造林密度、混交树种及混交林模式、造林方法及幼林管理等系列技术,旨在为台湾桤木的推广提供技术参考。     

First identification of Sarcocystis tenella (Railliet, 1886) Moulé, 1886 (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) by PCR in naturally infected sheep from Brazil

Sarcocystis tenella is a dog–sheep protozoan parasite, causing a widespread enzootic muscle parasitosis and neurological disease mainly in lambs. This parasite is pathogenic to sheep and important to the economical production of sheep. The present study was initially aimed to determine Toxoplasma gondii infection and the occurrence of co-infection with other Apicomplexa parasites in 602 Brazilian sheep. Twenty of these sheep were positive with antibodies to T. gondii by MAT and IFAT-IgG tests, positive with PCR-RFLP genotyping at multiple loci, and parasites were isolated from mice infected with sheep tissue samples. Two additional sheep born in Brazil, a 2-year-old female Polwarth (Ideal) sheep, a breed originated from Australia (#1), and a 1-year-old male Corriedale sheep, a breed originated from New Zealand and Australia (#2) were positive to T. gondii antibodies by serum tests, and PCR, but negative for bioassay in mice. In genotyping at 12 loci, sheep #1 sample and #2 presented positive results only for some markers. PCR-RFLP of 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) was performed in all 22 animals to identify the possibility of co-infection of T. gondii with other Apicomplexa parasites, such as S. tenella, Neospora caninum and Hammondia hammondi, resulting in a T. gondii profile for the first 20 animals and a unique genotyping profile for sheep #1 and #2, identical to S. tenella. The 18S rRNA PCR products (310 bp) were sequenced and blasted to GenBank database at NCBI. Both samples were identical to S. tenella 18S rRNA gene (GenBank accession number L24383-1). These results suggest the existence of co-infection of S. tenella with T. gondii in ewes from Brazil.     

Collection of equine cord blood and placental tissues in 40 Thoroughbred mares

Reasons for performing study: Stem cells derived from umbilical cord tissue (UCT) and umbilical cord blood (UCB) in human subjects and horses can be obtained in a minimally invasive fashion with successful propagation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Currently there are no detailed protocols documenting a procedure to harvest UCB and UCT safely for equine stem cell propagation. Hypothesis: UCB and UCT could be collected without harm to mare or foal. Objectives: To develop a standard and safe method for UCB and UCT collection, and prospectively to compare foal and mare health between groups of animals where tissue was and was not collected. Methods: This study was conducted at a Thoroughbred breeding facility in central California in 2008. UCB and UCT were collected from 40 mare and foal pairs. Clinical parameters including time for foal to stand and nurse, time for mare to pass the placenta, and foal haematology data at age 24 h were documented and compared to a control group, consisting of the succeeding 40 mare and foal pairs. Results: UCB was obtained successfully from 36 of 40 (90%) mares and UCT from 38 of 40 (95%) mares. Bacterial contamination was documented in 6 out of 36 (16.6%) UCB samples. There were no significant differences in time to stand or nurse for foals or time to pass the placenta for mares, between the experimental and control groups. There were no clinically relevant differences identified in haematological data obtained from foals with and without UCB collection. Conclusions: UCB and UCT can be harvested safely without harm to mares or foals. Potential relevance: UCB and UCT samples collected in an inherently contaminated environment can be successfully disinfected and transported with minimal bacterial overgrowth for use in cell culture to isolate MSCs.     

肉牛产业化高效养殖技术

作者综述了肉牛产业化体系的内容,分别从苜蓿生产技术、繁殖母牛饲养管理,育肥牛的饲养管理几个方面进行阐述,以期为肉牛生产者提高经济效益提供依据.